OCR Psychology Bandura Written Exam Questions With Well Elaborated Answers.

What is operant conditioning? - correct answer learning new behaviors through experiencing consequences What is classical conditioning? - correct answer Learning by association What is social learning theory? - correct answer Children learn behaviour by observing others What was the sample size? - correct answer 72 children What was the gender split? - correct answer 50% girls 50% boys What was the average age of participants? - correct answer 52 months What design was used? - correct answer Matched pairs What were participants matched on? - correct answer Aggression score, age and gender Where did the study take place - correct answer Stanford university nursery school What were children rated on to establish the aggression score? - correct answer Physical aggression/ verbal aggression/ aggression towards inanimate objects/ inhibition of aggression How many conditions were there? - correct answer 9 What did Bandura conclude? - correct answer Children are more likely to copy/ develop behaviour from a model of the same sex How many children were in the control group that didn't experience any role model behaviour? - correct answer 24 What happened in stage 1 of the procedure? - correct answer Each child was taken to a room and the model was encouraged to join in What happened in stage 1 for the non-aggressive condition? - correct answer Model ignored bobo doll and played with tinker toys What happened in stage 1 for the aggressive condition? - correct answer Model played with this tinker toys but after 1 minute turned to the bobo doll and was aggressive towards it for the rest of the time What happened in stage 2 of the procedure? - correct answer Children were aroused so that any aggression learned from the model would be shown How was aggression arousal achieved? - correct answer Children were taken to a smaller room and played with toys. The toys were then taken away from them What happened in stage 3 of the procedure? - correct answer Children went into a room with a mix of aggressive and non-aggressive toys How was the study controlled? - correct answer Toys were set up in the same place for each child How long were children in the room for stage 3? - correct answer 20 minutes How were children observed? - correct answer Through a one way mirror How often were observations taken? - correct answer Every 5 seconds What data sampling method was used? - correct answer Time point sampling Boys imitative physical aggression (mean) - correct answer 38.2 Girls imitative physical aggression (mean) - correct answer 12.7 Boys in the aggressive condition, verbal aggression (mean) - correct answer 17 Girls in the aggressive condition, verbal aggression (mean) - correct answer 15.7 How many (mean) imitative verbal aggression acts did girls show with a female model? - correct answer 13.7 How many (mean) imitative verbal aggression acts did girls show with a male model? - correct answer 2 Why were 2 observers used? - correct answer To check the inter-rater reliability What year was the study done? - correct answer 1961 What is the aim of the study? - correct answer To see if children that witness an aggressive display by an adult, if they would imitate the behaviour, given the opportunity what were the 3 independent variables - correct answer gender of the child gender of the model the condition the child was in What behaviours did girls show in the aggressive conditions? - correct answer With male they were more physically aggressive with female they were more verbally aggressive what are some strengths of banduras study - correct answer suggests that prosocial behaviour can be learnt so its useful highly controlled increased validity and reliability quantitative and qualitative data what are some weaknesses of banduras study - correct answer lack of ethics as children are used lacks construct validity doesn't measure aggression lack of ecological validity longitudinal study could have been more appropriate