Psychology A Level OCR - Core Studies: Lee et al. Possible Questions And Answers 100% Accurately Solved.

Aim - correct answer To investigate the effect of culture on children's moral evaluations of lying and truth telling by comparing the moral judgements of Canadian children and Chinese children. Explain the Chinese participants - correct answer - 120 p's - 40 7 year olds - 40 9 years olds -40 11 year olds - Equal gender split in each of the age groups. - Children were divided equally between those in physical story condition and social story condition. Explain the Canadian participants - correct answer - 108 p's - 36 7 year olds - 40 9 year olds - 32 11 year olds - Gender split was 58 boys and 50 girls, with each group having a slight unbalanced gender split. - 56 children were randomly allocated to the social story condition and 52 to physical. What were the 4 conditions? - correct answer 1. The ethnicity of the child (Chinese or Canadian) 2. Their age (7, 9 or 11 years old) 3. The type if story (physical or social) 4. Pro-social or anti-social setting What were the 4 types of stories for the 4 conditions? - correct answer 1. Pro-social setting - truth telling stories 2. Pro-social setting - lie telling stories 3. Anti-social setting - truth telling stories 4. Anti-social setting - lie telling stories What happened in the physical stories? - correct answer The children take pages out of books, so there is no social issue, just the physical act. What happened in the social stories? - correct answer Someone either gets hurt (anti-social) or helped (pro-social). Outline the procedure - correct answer - Children randomly allocated to either the social story condition or the physical story condition. - They were seen individually and first of all the rating chart was explained to them. - Each child listened to all 4 social or all 4 physical stories. Outline 2 controls - correct answer 1. The meaning of the symbols on the chart was repeated each time the question was asked. 2. The good and naughty meanings were alternated so that the researchers knew the child wasn't just saying the first option each time. Outline the results from the PRO-SOCIAL/TRUTH-TELLING - correct answer Children from both cultures rated the pro-social behaviour similarly. Canadian children at each age gave similar ratings to truth telling; however, Chinese children's ratings became less positive as age increased. Outline the results from the PRO-SOCIAL/LIE-TELLING - correct answer Overall, Canadian children rated lie telling negatively, but as age increased their ratings became less negative. Overall, Chinese children's ratings of lie telling changed from negative to positive as age increased. Outline the results from the ANTI-SOCIAL/TRUTH-TELLLING - correct answer Children from both cultures rated the anti-social behaviours similarly. Children from both cultures rated truth telling in this situation very positively. Outline the results from the ANTI-SOCIAL/LIE-TELLING - correct answer Both Chinese and Canadian children rated lie telling negatively in this conditions. Overall, negative ratings increased with age, regardless of culture. Outline the conclusion - correct answer Moral development is different in different cultures as a result of socio-cultural norms and practices, and not only as a result of cognitive development as proposed by earlier research.