Nurs 3215 midterm practice questions With Complete
Solutions
In early fetal development, every fetus has a pair of:
indifferent gonads (slightly resembling both male and female
gonad)
Testicular development is directed by the presence of the
________________.
SRY (sex determining region of the Y chromosome) gene
Without the production of the
_____________________________ the undifferentiated early
gonads will begin to develop into ovaries.
SRY gene
In females, the ________________________________ will go
on to develop into the fallopian tubes, uterus and inner vagina.
Mullerian ducts
In males, the _____________________________ will go on to
develop into the epididymis, vas deferens, and seminal vesicles.
Wolffian ducts
Masculinization of the sex organs is directed both by
testosterone and ________________________________
_______________________.
anti-mullerian hormone (AMH)
,Gonadal hormones are ___________________
___________________ and are all built from the
____________________________ molecule.
hormones; cholesterol
Ovaries produce two broad classes of steroid hormones:
progestins & estrogens
Testosterone is a type of _______________ produced by the
testicles.
androgen
___________________ _____________________ are not
exclusive to either men or women.
Steroid hormones
The anterior pituitary gland releases which hormones to direct
gonadal release of sex hormones? (3 marks)
gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and
lutenizing hormone (LH)
The hypothalamus releases
___________________________________ to direct the release
of LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary.
gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
__________________________ of gonadal hormones are long
term persistent changes that are set up in the nervous system and
on behaviour very early on in development.
Organizational effects
, ____________________ of gonadal hormones are temporary
changes that arise in the neuronal architecture of adult
organisms, and have an effect on behavior when a particular
hormone is present.
Activational effects
________________________ refers to the differences in body
and behaviour that may be present between the males and
females of the same species.
Sexual dimorphisms
____________________________________ occurs when an
XY male develops with a mutation in the androgen receptor
gene such that the actions of testosterone are nullified and the
baby appears female and will usually go on to develop and
identify as female.
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
__________________________________ occurs when an XX
female is exposed to overproduction of adrenal androgen
resulting in the appearance of ambiguous genitalia at birth.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
What disorders/diseases are males more likely to have in
comparison to females? What factors contribute to this? (4
marks)
• Males are more likely to have neuropsychiatric and learning
disorders with developmental origins
Solutions
In early fetal development, every fetus has a pair of:
indifferent gonads (slightly resembling both male and female
gonad)
Testicular development is directed by the presence of the
________________.
SRY (sex determining region of the Y chromosome) gene
Without the production of the
_____________________________ the undifferentiated early
gonads will begin to develop into ovaries.
SRY gene
In females, the ________________________________ will go
on to develop into the fallopian tubes, uterus and inner vagina.
Mullerian ducts
In males, the _____________________________ will go on to
develop into the epididymis, vas deferens, and seminal vesicles.
Wolffian ducts
Masculinization of the sex organs is directed both by
testosterone and ________________________________
_______________________.
anti-mullerian hormone (AMH)
,Gonadal hormones are ___________________
___________________ and are all built from the
____________________________ molecule.
hormones; cholesterol
Ovaries produce two broad classes of steroid hormones:
progestins & estrogens
Testosterone is a type of _______________ produced by the
testicles.
androgen
___________________ _____________________ are not
exclusive to either men or women.
Steroid hormones
The anterior pituitary gland releases which hormones to direct
gonadal release of sex hormones? (3 marks)
gonadotropins, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), and
lutenizing hormone (LH)
The hypothalamus releases
___________________________________ to direct the release
of LH and FSH from the anterior pituitary.
gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH)
__________________________ of gonadal hormones are long
term persistent changes that are set up in the nervous system and
on behaviour very early on in development.
Organizational effects
, ____________________ of gonadal hormones are temporary
changes that arise in the neuronal architecture of adult
organisms, and have an effect on behavior when a particular
hormone is present.
Activational effects
________________________ refers to the differences in body
and behaviour that may be present between the males and
females of the same species.
Sexual dimorphisms
____________________________________ occurs when an
XY male develops with a mutation in the androgen receptor
gene such that the actions of testosterone are nullified and the
baby appears female and will usually go on to develop and
identify as female.
Androgen insensitivity syndrome
__________________________________ occurs when an XX
female is exposed to overproduction of adrenal androgen
resulting in the appearance of ambiguous genitalia at birth.
Congenital adrenal hyperplasia
What disorders/diseases are males more likely to have in
comparison to females? What factors contribute to this? (4
marks)
• Males are more likely to have neuropsychiatric and learning
disorders with developmental origins
