Galen Med Surg Exam 2
A nurse is caring for a client who who has had a stroke involving the right hemisphere.
Which of the following alterations in function should the nurse expect?
a. Difficulty reading
b. Inability to recognize his family members
c. Right hemiparesis
d. Aphasia - ANSWER-b. Inability to recognize his family members
The right hemisphere is involved with visual and spatial awareness.
A white lipid covering of axons - ANSWER-myelin sheath
As the nurse you are providing care for a client who has a diagnosis of macular
degeneration. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend for this client?
Select all that apply.
a. Sweet potatoes
b. red meat
c. chicken
d. broccoli - ANSWER-a. Sweet potatoes
d. broccoli
This is the area in the brain which controls speech - ANSWER-Broca's area
This is the area in the brain which controls language processing - ANSWER-Wernicke's
area
Area at the base of the brain where the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries
join together - ANSWER-Circle of Willis
Involves altered LOC. Patient may have amnesia after the seizure. Hard to diagnose
because it can resemble dementia - ANSWER-Complex epilepsy
The nurse is performing patient education regarding medications used to prevent
migraines. Which of the following medications should the nurse explain as potential
treatments?
a. Anti-seizure drugs
b. Anti-depressant drugs
,c. Beta-blockers
d. All of these - ANSWER-d. All of these
A nurse is in a client's room when the client begins having a tonic-clonic seizure. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take first?
a. Turn the client's head to the side.
b. Check the client's motor strength.
c. Loosen the clothing around the client's waist.
d. Document the time the seizure began. - ANSWER-a. Turn the client's head to the
side.
A male client has been experiencing seizures and is in the hospital for tests. While in
the hospital setting, the client experiences a seizure. Which of the following should the
nurse do?
a. Restrain the client's arms and legs.
b. Take measures to prevent injury.
c. Place a tongue blade in the client's mouth.
d. Elevate the head of the bed. - ANSWER-b. Take measures to prevent injury.
The nurse is managing a client with new-onset seizure activity and is to provide
phenytoin. The nurse should be aware that Phenytoin
a. causes tissue vesication if infiltrated
b. has the most rapid onset of action of seizure medications
c. must be administered in dextrose
d. administration can result in hypertension - ANSWER-a. causes tissue vesication if
infiltrated
A nurse is caring for a client who has Parkinson's disease and is taking
diphenhydramine 25 mg PO TID. Which of the following therapeutic outcomes should
the nurse expect to see?
a. Delay in disease progression
b. Improved bladder function
c. Relief of depression
d. Decreased tremors - ANSWER-d. Decreased tremors
Affects entire brain - ANSWER-Generalized epilepsy
Generalized seizure involving sudden, brief LOC, usually in children. Appears that they
are staring off into space - ANSWER-Absence epilepsy
Brief muscle jerks, lasts seconds - ANSWER-Myoclonic
, Involves brief loss of tone. Can be confused with fainting - ANSWER-Atonic
A patient has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The patient's oxygen
flow rate should be set to no more than _____ L/min. - ANSWER-2-4
The client is prescribed to have 80% oxygen administered continuously in a noninvasive
manner. Which type of delivery system should you select to meet these criteria? -
ANSWER-Nasal cannula
Which nursing intervention would you use to prevent injury in the client receiving oxygen
therapy by continuous nasal cannula? - ANSWER-Providing mouth care every 8 hours
When teaching a patient who will be receiving antihistamines, the nurse will include
which instructions? (Select all that apply.)
a. "Avoid activities that require alertness until you know how adverse effects are
tolerated."
b. "Drink extra fluids if possible."
c. "Take the medication with food to minimize gastrointestinal distress."
d. "Antihistamines are generally safe to take with over-the-counter medications."
e. "Antihistamines may cause restlessness and disturbed sleep."
f. "Take the medication on an empty stomach to maximize absorption of the drug." -
ANSWER-a. "Avoid activities that require alertness until you know how adverse effects
are tolerated."
b. "Drink extra fluids if possible."
c. "Take the medication with food to minimize gastrointestinal distress."
Chronic disorder with 2 or more seizures experienced by the patient - ANSWER-
Epilepsy
The nurse is teaching the daughter of a client who has middle-stage Alzheimer disease.
The daughter asks, "Will the sertraline my mother is taking improve her dementia?" How
would the nurse respond about the purpose of the drug?
a."It will allow your mother to live independently for several more years."
b."It is used to halt the advancement of Alzheimer disease but will not cure it."
c."It will not improve her dementia but can help control emotional responses."
d."It is used to improve short-term memory but will not improve problem solving." -
ANSWER-C
Drug therapy is not effective for treating dementia or halting the advancement of
Alzheimer disease. However, certain psychoactive drugs may help suppress emotional
disturbances and manage depression, psychoses, or anxiety.
The nurse observes a client with late-stage Alzheimer disease eat breakfast. Afterward
the client states, "I am hungry and want breakfast." What is the nurse's best response?
A nurse is caring for a client who who has had a stroke involving the right hemisphere.
Which of the following alterations in function should the nurse expect?
a. Difficulty reading
b. Inability to recognize his family members
c. Right hemiparesis
d. Aphasia - ANSWER-b. Inability to recognize his family members
The right hemisphere is involved with visual and spatial awareness.
A white lipid covering of axons - ANSWER-myelin sheath
As the nurse you are providing care for a client who has a diagnosis of macular
degeneration. Which of the following foods should the nurse recommend for this client?
Select all that apply.
a. Sweet potatoes
b. red meat
c. chicken
d. broccoli - ANSWER-a. Sweet potatoes
d. broccoli
This is the area in the brain which controls speech - ANSWER-Broca's area
This is the area in the brain which controls language processing - ANSWER-Wernicke's
area
Area at the base of the brain where the anterior, middle, and posterior cerebral arteries
join together - ANSWER-Circle of Willis
Involves altered LOC. Patient may have amnesia after the seizure. Hard to diagnose
because it can resemble dementia - ANSWER-Complex epilepsy
The nurse is performing patient education regarding medications used to prevent
migraines. Which of the following medications should the nurse explain as potential
treatments?
a. Anti-seizure drugs
b. Anti-depressant drugs
,c. Beta-blockers
d. All of these - ANSWER-d. All of these
A nurse is in a client's room when the client begins having a tonic-clonic seizure. Which
of the following actions should the nurse take first?
a. Turn the client's head to the side.
b. Check the client's motor strength.
c. Loosen the clothing around the client's waist.
d. Document the time the seizure began. - ANSWER-a. Turn the client's head to the
side.
A male client has been experiencing seizures and is in the hospital for tests. While in
the hospital setting, the client experiences a seizure. Which of the following should the
nurse do?
a. Restrain the client's arms and legs.
b. Take measures to prevent injury.
c. Place a tongue blade in the client's mouth.
d. Elevate the head of the bed. - ANSWER-b. Take measures to prevent injury.
The nurse is managing a client with new-onset seizure activity and is to provide
phenytoin. The nurse should be aware that Phenytoin
a. causes tissue vesication if infiltrated
b. has the most rapid onset of action of seizure medications
c. must be administered in dextrose
d. administration can result in hypertension - ANSWER-a. causes tissue vesication if
infiltrated
A nurse is caring for a client who has Parkinson's disease and is taking
diphenhydramine 25 mg PO TID. Which of the following therapeutic outcomes should
the nurse expect to see?
a. Delay in disease progression
b. Improved bladder function
c. Relief of depression
d. Decreased tremors - ANSWER-d. Decreased tremors
Affects entire brain - ANSWER-Generalized epilepsy
Generalized seizure involving sudden, brief LOC, usually in children. Appears that they
are staring off into space - ANSWER-Absence epilepsy
Brief muscle jerks, lasts seconds - ANSWER-Myoclonic
, Involves brief loss of tone. Can be confused with fainting - ANSWER-Atonic
A patient has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The patient's oxygen
flow rate should be set to no more than _____ L/min. - ANSWER-2-4
The client is prescribed to have 80% oxygen administered continuously in a noninvasive
manner. Which type of delivery system should you select to meet these criteria? -
ANSWER-Nasal cannula
Which nursing intervention would you use to prevent injury in the client receiving oxygen
therapy by continuous nasal cannula? - ANSWER-Providing mouth care every 8 hours
When teaching a patient who will be receiving antihistamines, the nurse will include
which instructions? (Select all that apply.)
a. "Avoid activities that require alertness until you know how adverse effects are
tolerated."
b. "Drink extra fluids if possible."
c. "Take the medication with food to minimize gastrointestinal distress."
d. "Antihistamines are generally safe to take with over-the-counter medications."
e. "Antihistamines may cause restlessness and disturbed sleep."
f. "Take the medication on an empty stomach to maximize absorption of the drug." -
ANSWER-a. "Avoid activities that require alertness until you know how adverse effects
are tolerated."
b. "Drink extra fluids if possible."
c. "Take the medication with food to minimize gastrointestinal distress."
Chronic disorder with 2 or more seizures experienced by the patient - ANSWER-
Epilepsy
The nurse is teaching the daughter of a client who has middle-stage Alzheimer disease.
The daughter asks, "Will the sertraline my mother is taking improve her dementia?" How
would the nurse respond about the purpose of the drug?
a."It will allow your mother to live independently for several more years."
b."It is used to halt the advancement of Alzheimer disease but will not cure it."
c."It will not improve her dementia but can help control emotional responses."
d."It is used to improve short-term memory but will not improve problem solving." -
ANSWER-C
Drug therapy is not effective for treating dementia or halting the advancement of
Alzheimer disease. However, certain psychoactive drugs may help suppress emotional
disturbances and manage depression, psychoses, or anxiety.
The nurse observes a client with late-stage Alzheimer disease eat breakfast. Afterward
the client states, "I am hungry and want breakfast." What is the nurse's best response?
