NPLEX II Pharm Questions With Complete Solutions
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) Correct Answers Inhibits thymidilate
synthase
Chemo agent
Tx:
- Actinic keratosis
Abx for Peptic Ulcers - H. Pylori Correct Answers Amoxicillin
Bismuth
Clarithromycin
Tetratcycline
Metronidazole
Use the following AntiBiotiCs as the ABC of TreatMent for
Peptic Ulcers
Acetominophen Correct Answers Non-opioid, nonnarcotic
analgesic agent
Antipyretic and analgesic activity
*no* anti-inflammatory activity
- relatively weak COX inhibitory action compared to salicylates
and NSAIDs
- in analgesic doses, its potency, t1/2, and duration of action are
similar to salicylic acid (major metabolite of aspirin)
- lacks peripheral side effects observed with other COX
inhibitors (no platelet effect, little GI toxicity)
,Mechanism:
- analgesic and antipyretic actions due to *reversible COX
inhibition in CNS* as compared to peripheral sites
- lack of anti-inflammatory effect possibly results from its *poor
ability to inhibit COX in the presence of peroxides found in sites
of inflammation*
Tx Uses:
- mild to moderate pain, fever
- NOT anti-inflammatory and less effective than NSAIDs in
some conditions (e.g. Chronic inflam conditions like RA)
- preferable antipyretic analgesic for pts at inc risk of NSAID
toxicity
- drug of choice for children w/ viral infections to dec. fever
(Reyes syndrome = risk of NSAIDs in kids)
Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) Correct Answers Mucolyic agent.
Breaks disulfide bond in mucos proteins. Topically available for
filimentary keratits, dry eye, corneal burns. Inhalation prevents
mucos build up so respiratory pts can breathe easier.
Acyclovir (Zovirax) Correct Answers Antiretrovirals. Uses:
genital herpes, shingles, HIV. Precautions: administer with food,
increase fluid intake, and begin therapy with first onset of
symptoms
AE:
- Nausea, rash
More frequent dosing than valacylovir/famacyclovir
,Adalimumab (Humira) Correct Answers Disease-modifying
antirheumatic drug (DMARD).
TNF inhibitor - similar to infliximab and eternecept
Interrupts complex immune responses, preventing disease
progression.
Tx:
- Psoriasis
- IBD
- RA
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Psoriatitc arthritis
Increases propensity for other opportunistic infections
Increased CA risk
Albendazole (Albenza) Correct Answers Antiparasitic drug
used to treat tapeworm infestation, & also used to treat
microsporidiasis (infections caused by single-celled organisms
called Microsproidia).
MOA:
- Microtubule inhibition
AE
- Abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever (from dead worms in GI tract)
Ensure adequate fiber with use
Albuterol Correct Answers SABA
, Alendronate (Fosamax) Correct Answers Bisphosphonate -
first line for osteoporosis
Allopurinol (Zyloprim) Correct Answers Anti-gout
xanthine oxidase inhibitor
Alprazolam (Xanax) Correct Answers Short acting benzo
Alprostadil Correct Answers Vasodilator for ED (PGE analog)
Amantadine (Symmetrel) Correct Answers Antiviral,
previously used for Influenza A
- Blocks dopamine reuptake into presynaptic neurons, increases
dopamine release from presynaptic fibers; used for mild disease,
or for dyskinesias in advanced disease
- SE
- dizziness , etc.
- Toxic delirium
- Cutaenous reaction called Livedo reticularis - require drug
discontinuation
amiodarone Correct Answers Antiarrhythmic
Cardiac ion channel blocker
Tx:
- SVT, V-tach, A-fib
AE:
- Pulmonary fibrosis, photosensitivity
- Heart block, Brady, hypotension
- Thyroid (hyper and hypo)
5-fluorouracil (5-FU) Correct Answers Inhibits thymidilate
synthase
Chemo agent
Tx:
- Actinic keratosis
Abx for Peptic Ulcers - H. Pylori Correct Answers Amoxicillin
Bismuth
Clarithromycin
Tetratcycline
Metronidazole
Use the following AntiBiotiCs as the ABC of TreatMent for
Peptic Ulcers
Acetominophen Correct Answers Non-opioid, nonnarcotic
analgesic agent
Antipyretic and analgesic activity
*no* anti-inflammatory activity
- relatively weak COX inhibitory action compared to salicylates
and NSAIDs
- in analgesic doses, its potency, t1/2, and duration of action are
similar to salicylic acid (major metabolite of aspirin)
- lacks peripheral side effects observed with other COX
inhibitors (no platelet effect, little GI toxicity)
,Mechanism:
- analgesic and antipyretic actions due to *reversible COX
inhibition in CNS* as compared to peripheral sites
- lack of anti-inflammatory effect possibly results from its *poor
ability to inhibit COX in the presence of peroxides found in sites
of inflammation*
Tx Uses:
- mild to moderate pain, fever
- NOT anti-inflammatory and less effective than NSAIDs in
some conditions (e.g. Chronic inflam conditions like RA)
- preferable antipyretic analgesic for pts at inc risk of NSAID
toxicity
- drug of choice for children w/ viral infections to dec. fever
(Reyes syndrome = risk of NSAIDs in kids)
Acetylcysteine (Mucomyst) Correct Answers Mucolyic agent.
Breaks disulfide bond in mucos proteins. Topically available for
filimentary keratits, dry eye, corneal burns. Inhalation prevents
mucos build up so respiratory pts can breathe easier.
Acyclovir (Zovirax) Correct Answers Antiretrovirals. Uses:
genital herpes, shingles, HIV. Precautions: administer with food,
increase fluid intake, and begin therapy with first onset of
symptoms
AE:
- Nausea, rash
More frequent dosing than valacylovir/famacyclovir
,Adalimumab (Humira) Correct Answers Disease-modifying
antirheumatic drug (DMARD).
TNF inhibitor - similar to infliximab and eternecept
Interrupts complex immune responses, preventing disease
progression.
Tx:
- Psoriasis
- IBD
- RA
- Ankylosing spondylitis
- Psoriatitc arthritis
Increases propensity for other opportunistic infections
Increased CA risk
Albendazole (Albenza) Correct Answers Antiparasitic drug
used to treat tapeworm infestation, & also used to treat
microsporidiasis (infections caused by single-celled organisms
called Microsproidia).
MOA:
- Microtubule inhibition
AE
- Abdominal pain, diarrhea, fever (from dead worms in GI tract)
Ensure adequate fiber with use
Albuterol Correct Answers SABA
, Alendronate (Fosamax) Correct Answers Bisphosphonate -
first line for osteoporosis
Allopurinol (Zyloprim) Correct Answers Anti-gout
xanthine oxidase inhibitor
Alprazolam (Xanax) Correct Answers Short acting benzo
Alprostadil Correct Answers Vasodilator for ED (PGE analog)
Amantadine (Symmetrel) Correct Answers Antiviral,
previously used for Influenza A
- Blocks dopamine reuptake into presynaptic neurons, increases
dopamine release from presynaptic fibers; used for mild disease,
or for dyskinesias in advanced disease
- SE
- dizziness , etc.
- Toxic delirium
- Cutaenous reaction called Livedo reticularis - require drug
discontinuation
amiodarone Correct Answers Antiarrhythmic
Cardiac ion channel blocker
Tx:
- SVT, V-tach, A-fib
AE:
- Pulmonary fibrosis, photosensitivity
- Heart block, Brady, hypotension
- Thyroid (hyper and hypo)
