PMT
Oxford Cambridge and RSA
Thursday 13 June 2019 – Morning
A Level Biology B (Advancing Biology)
H422/02 Scientific literacy in biology
Time allowed: 2 hours 15 minutes
You must have:
• the Insert (inserted)
You may use:
• a scientific or graphical calculator
• a ruler (cm/mm)
*H42202*
Please write clearly in black ink. Do not write in the barcodes.
Centre number Candidate number
First name(s)
Last name
INSTRUCTIONS
• The Insert will be found inside this document.
• Use black ink. You may use an HB pencil for graphs and diagrams.
• Answer all the questions.
• Where appropriate, your answers should be supported with working. Marks may be
given for a correct method even if the answer is incorrect.
• Write your answer to each question in the space provided. If additional space is required,
use the lined page(s) at the end of this booklet. The question number(s) must be clearly
shown.
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 100.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
• Quality of extended responses will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk
(*).
• This document consists of 28 pages.
© OCR 2019 [601/4720/9]
DC (ST/CT) 174975/4
OCR is an exempt Charity
Turn over
Answer all the questions.
, PM
2
1 This question is based on the Advance Notice article ‘Learning from Iceland’s model for genetic
research’ in the Insert.
(a) The article explains how Iceland has one of the most genetically homogeneous populations in
Europe.
(i) State what is meant by the following genetic terms.
1. Gene
.............................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.... 2. Allele
.............................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Allele frequencies will remain constant in a stable population. However, population
changes can alter allele frequencies.
For each of the following events, give the term used to describe the effect on allele
frequencies.
1. Iceland was settled by a relatively small number of explorers in the 9th century.
...........................................................................................................................................
2. The Icelandic population decreased due to the two waves of plagues during the 15th
century, smallpox in the early 1700s and a volcanic eruption in 1783.
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(iii) Explain how the events described in (ii) resulted in the low genetic diversity of the Icelandic
population.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
[2]
© OCR 2019
, PM
3
(b) The article describes the use of flow cytometry (‘automated blood analysers’) to identify genetic
variants linked to the risk of developing multiple myeloma.
Explain how flow cytometry could be used to identify genetic variants linked to the risk of developing
multiple myeloma.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
[4]
(c) Some genetic diseases, such as sickle cell anaemia, are caused by single mutations.
Explain how a single gene mutation causes sickle cell anaemia.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
© OCR 2019 Turn over
Oxford Cambridge and RSA
Thursday 13 June 2019 – Morning
A Level Biology B (Advancing Biology)
H422/02 Scientific literacy in biology
Time allowed: 2 hours 15 minutes
You must have:
• the Insert (inserted)
You may use:
• a scientific or graphical calculator
• a ruler (cm/mm)
*H42202*
Please write clearly in black ink. Do not write in the barcodes.
Centre number Candidate number
First name(s)
Last name
INSTRUCTIONS
• The Insert will be found inside this document.
• Use black ink. You may use an HB pencil for graphs and diagrams.
• Answer all the questions.
• Where appropriate, your answers should be supported with working. Marks may be
given for a correct method even if the answer is incorrect.
• Write your answer to each question in the space provided. If additional space is required,
use the lined page(s) at the end of this booklet. The question number(s) must be clearly
shown.
INFORMATION
• The total mark for this paper is 100.
• The marks for each question are shown in brackets [ ].
• Quality of extended responses will be assessed in questions marked with an asterisk
(*).
• This document consists of 28 pages.
© OCR 2019 [601/4720/9]
DC (ST/CT) 174975/4
OCR is an exempt Charity
Turn over
Answer all the questions.
, PM
2
1 This question is based on the Advance Notice article ‘Learning from Iceland’s model for genetic
research’ in the Insert.
(a) The article explains how Iceland has one of the most genetically homogeneous populations in
Europe.
(i) State what is meant by the following genetic terms.
1. Gene
.............................................................................................................................
.......................................................................................................................................
.... 2. Allele
.............................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(ii) Allele frequencies will remain constant in a stable population. However, population
changes can alter allele frequencies.
For each of the following events, give the term used to describe the effect on allele
frequencies.
1. Iceland was settled by a relatively small number of explorers in the 9th century.
...........................................................................................................................................
2. The Icelandic population decreased due to the two waves of plagues during the 15th
century, smallpox in the early 1700s and a volcanic eruption in 1783.
...........................................................................................................................................
[2]
(iii) Explain how the events described in (ii) resulted in the low genetic diversity of the Icelandic
population.
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
...........................................................................................................................................
......................................................................................................................................
[2]
© OCR 2019
, PM
3
(b) The article describes the use of flow cytometry (‘automated blood analysers’) to identify genetic
variants linked to the risk of developing multiple myeloma.
Explain how flow cytometry could be used to identify genetic variants linked to the risk of developing
multiple myeloma.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
..............................................................................................................................................
[4]
(c) Some genetic diseases, such as sickle cell anaemia, are caused by single mutations.
Explain how a single gene mutation causes sickle cell anaemia.
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
...................................................................................................................................................
© OCR 2019 Turn over
