NR507 Midterm Exam
type 1 hypersensitivity is IgE antibody
mediated by
inflammation is type 1 mast cell degranulation (histamine is released causing mast cell
hypersensitivity is due to degranulation)
local symptoms: itching, rash
systemic symptoms: wheezing, hypotension, severe
symptoms of type 1
hypersensitivity
brochoconstriction most dangerous form is an
anaphylactic reaction
main treatment of type 1 epinephrine
hypersensitivity
anaphylaxi
s hives
examples of type 1
hypersensitivity (4) (urticaria)
asthma
hay fever
-drug allergies
-hemolytic anemia
examples of type 2 -blood transfusion mismatch
hypersensitivity (5) -Rh hemolytic disease
-Grave's disease (example of altering thyroid function)
type 2 hypersensitivities are IgM or IgG
mediated by
IgG or IgM antibody are specifically directed to antigen
patho of type 2 hypersensitivity located on cell membrane (TISSUE SPECIFIC BINDS ON CELL
SURFACE) --> macrophages are the primary effector cell
(cause tissue damage or alter function)
type 2: organ specific & antibody bind on the cell surface
2 main differences between
type 2 and type 3 type 3: not organ specific & antibody bind to soluble antigen
hypersensitivities outside the cell surface that is released into the blood or
body fluid (complex then deposited into the tissue)
, rheumatoid arthritis: antigen/antibody complexes are deposited in the
joints
examples of type 3 systemic lupus erythematous: antigen/antibody complexes
hypersensitivity are deposited in organs that cause tissue damage
reactions
serum sickness: immune system reacts to medicines that
contain proteins used to treat immune conditions
major antibodies involved in IgG and IgM
type 3 hypersensitivity
reactions
cell mediated response
mediated by T lymphocytes and macrophages (DOES NOT
what is a type 4 hypersensitivity
reaction
USE ANTIBODIES) delayed response
examples of type 4 -allergic contact dermatitis (poison ivy)
hypersensitivity reactions
what is considered the first neutrophils
responder of the innate
immune system?
Damage occurs with ABO complement damaged RBC membrane causing lysis
incompatibility because:
alteration in the ability of the body to tolerate its own self-antigens
define autoimmunity
damage is caused by autoantibodies and T-cells
when an individuals immune system reacts against antigens
on the tissue of other members of the same species
define alloimmunity
examples: neonatal disease, transplant rejections, transfusion reactions
define immunodeficiency when immune system is under reacting
primary: result of single gene defects
-ex. B lymphocyte deficiency
primary vs. secondary
immunodeficiency secondary: coming on as a complication of some other physiologic
disease
-ex. malnutrition, pt. who has HIV gets pneumocystis carinii
reduction in the total number of circulating RBCs and/or
define anemia
decease in the hemoglobin amount or function
___ reflects the bodies total iron ferritin
stores
most of our bodies iron stores recycling of old RBCs
come from
MCV: average size of RBCs (microcytic, macrocytic, normocytic)
type 1 hypersensitivity is IgE antibody
mediated by
inflammation is type 1 mast cell degranulation (histamine is released causing mast cell
hypersensitivity is due to degranulation)
local symptoms: itching, rash
systemic symptoms: wheezing, hypotension, severe
symptoms of type 1
hypersensitivity
brochoconstriction most dangerous form is an
anaphylactic reaction
main treatment of type 1 epinephrine
hypersensitivity
anaphylaxi
s hives
examples of type 1
hypersensitivity (4) (urticaria)
asthma
hay fever
-drug allergies
-hemolytic anemia
examples of type 2 -blood transfusion mismatch
hypersensitivity (5) -Rh hemolytic disease
-Grave's disease (example of altering thyroid function)
type 2 hypersensitivities are IgM or IgG
mediated by
IgG or IgM antibody are specifically directed to antigen
patho of type 2 hypersensitivity located on cell membrane (TISSUE SPECIFIC BINDS ON CELL
SURFACE) --> macrophages are the primary effector cell
(cause tissue damage or alter function)
type 2: organ specific & antibody bind on the cell surface
2 main differences between
type 2 and type 3 type 3: not organ specific & antibody bind to soluble antigen
hypersensitivities outside the cell surface that is released into the blood or
body fluid (complex then deposited into the tissue)
, rheumatoid arthritis: antigen/antibody complexes are deposited in the
joints
examples of type 3 systemic lupus erythematous: antigen/antibody complexes
hypersensitivity are deposited in organs that cause tissue damage
reactions
serum sickness: immune system reacts to medicines that
contain proteins used to treat immune conditions
major antibodies involved in IgG and IgM
type 3 hypersensitivity
reactions
cell mediated response
mediated by T lymphocytes and macrophages (DOES NOT
what is a type 4 hypersensitivity
reaction
USE ANTIBODIES) delayed response
examples of type 4 -allergic contact dermatitis (poison ivy)
hypersensitivity reactions
what is considered the first neutrophils
responder of the innate
immune system?
Damage occurs with ABO complement damaged RBC membrane causing lysis
incompatibility because:
alteration in the ability of the body to tolerate its own self-antigens
define autoimmunity
damage is caused by autoantibodies and T-cells
when an individuals immune system reacts against antigens
on the tissue of other members of the same species
define alloimmunity
examples: neonatal disease, transplant rejections, transfusion reactions
define immunodeficiency when immune system is under reacting
primary: result of single gene defects
-ex. B lymphocyte deficiency
primary vs. secondary
immunodeficiency secondary: coming on as a complication of some other physiologic
disease
-ex. malnutrition, pt. who has HIV gets pneumocystis carinii
reduction in the total number of circulating RBCs and/or
define anemia
decease in the hemoglobin amount or function
___ reflects the bodies total iron ferritin
stores
most of our bodies iron stores recycling of old RBCs
come from
MCV: average size of RBCs (microcytic, macrocytic, normocytic)
