UKY BIO 152 Exam 2 Questions and
Answers
Which of the following represents a signal transduction step in a receptor kinase
pathway?
-the ligand binds to its receptor
-the cell responds by producing more enzymes
-the cell responds by opening a sodium channel
-a secondary messenger in the cytoplasm is activated
-GTP binds to a G protein
-the receptor changes shape - Correct Answers -A secondary messenger in the
cytoplasm is activated
All of the following are true of G protein-coupled receptor pathways, except:
-the pathway can include secondary messengers like cAMP
-the signaling pathway can include kinases
-the pathway uses GTP as an energy source
-the pathway is used by hydrophilic signals to induce a response from the target cell
-the receptor is a G protein - Correct Answers -The receptor is a G protein
By definition, _______ pathways conduct signals towards the central nervous system
-somatic motor
-efferent
-peripheral
-sympathetic
-afferent
-parasympathetic - Correct Answers -Afferent
A nerve is composed mostly by bundles of _______, the parts of neurons that conduct
action potentials
-dendrites
-synapses
-axons
-neurotransmitters
-cell bodies - Correct Answers -Axons
A doctor is running a series of reflex tests during a patient check-up. The doctor first
taps the patient's knee, but there is no reflex response from the patient. He then taps
the back fo the elbow, and the expected elbow reflex is observed. All internal organ
activities appear normal. If the doctor suspect a spinal cord injury might have occurred,
the which region of the spinal cord has likely been affected?
, -cervical region
-sacral region
-lumbar region
-thoracic region - Correct Answers -Sacral region
A target cell removes the receptors for insulin from its plasma membrane. In response,
the pancreas produces and releases more insulin into the blood. How will the target cell
responds to the increased concentration of insulin moving around in the body?
-it will activate intracellular receptor pathways
-it will not respond to the insulin
-it will activate receptor kinase pathways
-it will activate G protein-coupled receptor pathways - Correct Answers -It will not
respond to the insulin
Which statement accurately describes cell receptors?
-each cell has thousands of different receptors both along its plasma membrane and at
various locations throughout the inside of the cell
-because there are so many different possible signals, each target cell has only a single
receptor available, per type of signal (quantity)
-once activated, a receptor must be destroyed to deactivate it
-only receptors located in the plasma membrane can receive signals from other cells -
Correct Answers -Each cell has thousands of different receptors both along its plasma
membrane and at various locations throughout the inside of the cell
Phosphorylation - Correct Answers -The process of transferring a phosphate group from
one molecule to a different molecule
Kinases - Correct Answers -A group of enzymes known for their ability to transfer
phosphates during chemical reactions
Ligand - Correct Answers -The signal for a specific receptor
Transduction - Correct Answers -To pass a message along but changes its form (i.e.
from electrical to chemical)
A receptor location on the extracellular surface of the plasma membrane will most likely
bind to a ____ type of ligand
-neutral
-hydrophobic
-steroid
-hydrophilic - Correct Answers -Hydrophilic
During a communication event, when a cell surface receptor deactivated?
-when the ligand is not available
-after the signal has been transduced
Answers
Which of the following represents a signal transduction step in a receptor kinase
pathway?
-the ligand binds to its receptor
-the cell responds by producing more enzymes
-the cell responds by opening a sodium channel
-a secondary messenger in the cytoplasm is activated
-GTP binds to a G protein
-the receptor changes shape - Correct Answers -A secondary messenger in the
cytoplasm is activated
All of the following are true of G protein-coupled receptor pathways, except:
-the pathway can include secondary messengers like cAMP
-the signaling pathway can include kinases
-the pathway uses GTP as an energy source
-the pathway is used by hydrophilic signals to induce a response from the target cell
-the receptor is a G protein - Correct Answers -The receptor is a G protein
By definition, _______ pathways conduct signals towards the central nervous system
-somatic motor
-efferent
-peripheral
-sympathetic
-afferent
-parasympathetic - Correct Answers -Afferent
A nerve is composed mostly by bundles of _______, the parts of neurons that conduct
action potentials
-dendrites
-synapses
-axons
-neurotransmitters
-cell bodies - Correct Answers -Axons
A doctor is running a series of reflex tests during a patient check-up. The doctor first
taps the patient's knee, but there is no reflex response from the patient. He then taps
the back fo the elbow, and the expected elbow reflex is observed. All internal organ
activities appear normal. If the doctor suspect a spinal cord injury might have occurred,
the which region of the spinal cord has likely been affected?
, -cervical region
-sacral region
-lumbar region
-thoracic region - Correct Answers -Sacral region
A target cell removes the receptors for insulin from its plasma membrane. In response,
the pancreas produces and releases more insulin into the blood. How will the target cell
responds to the increased concentration of insulin moving around in the body?
-it will activate intracellular receptor pathways
-it will not respond to the insulin
-it will activate receptor kinase pathways
-it will activate G protein-coupled receptor pathways - Correct Answers -It will not
respond to the insulin
Which statement accurately describes cell receptors?
-each cell has thousands of different receptors both along its plasma membrane and at
various locations throughout the inside of the cell
-because there are so many different possible signals, each target cell has only a single
receptor available, per type of signal (quantity)
-once activated, a receptor must be destroyed to deactivate it
-only receptors located in the plasma membrane can receive signals from other cells -
Correct Answers -Each cell has thousands of different receptors both along its plasma
membrane and at various locations throughout the inside of the cell
Phosphorylation - Correct Answers -The process of transferring a phosphate group from
one molecule to a different molecule
Kinases - Correct Answers -A group of enzymes known for their ability to transfer
phosphates during chemical reactions
Ligand - Correct Answers -The signal for a specific receptor
Transduction - Correct Answers -To pass a message along but changes its form (i.e.
from electrical to chemical)
A receptor location on the extracellular surface of the plasma membrane will most likely
bind to a ____ type of ligand
-neutral
-hydrophobic
-steroid
-hydrophilic - Correct Answers -Hydrophilic
During a communication event, when a cell surface receptor deactivated?
-when the ligand is not available
-after the signal has been transduced
