CSUF BIO 152 EXAM 1 REVIEW
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Homologous - Correct Answers -A trait that is inherited from a common ancestor
Analogous - Correct Answers -A trait that performs the same function in highly unrelated
species
Synapomorphy - Correct Answers -A shared derived trait
Symplesiomorphy - Correct Answers -A homologous ancestral trait (shared
characteristic that has evolved much earlier)
Autapomorphy - Correct Answers -A unique derived trait found only in a tip lineage
Convergent - Correct Answers -A trait that has evolved independently multiple times on
a phylogeny
Which of the following describes the most likely order of events in allopatric speciation?
A. genetic drift, genetic isolation, divergence
B. genetic isolation, genetic drift, divergence
C. genetic isolation, divergence, genetic drift
D. divergence, genetic drift, genetic isolation
E. divergence, genetic isolation, genetic drift - Correct Answers -E
The same basic internal organs (kidneys, stomach, heart, lungs) are found in frogs,
birds, snakes, and rodents. This is primarily an example of _____.
A. structural homology
B. developmental homology
C. genetic correlation
D. inheritance of acquired characteristics - Correct Answers -A
Adaption - Correct Answers -A process by which populations become better suited to
their environment as a result of natural selection. Traits have evolved to increase fitness
in response to natural selection.
Monophyletic Group - Correct Answers -An ancestor and all of its descendants
Node - Correct Answers -Part of a phylogeny where speciation has occurred
, Polytomy - Correct Answers -Part of a phylogeny showing uncertainty in evolutionary
relationships
Paraphyletic Group - Correct Answers -An ancestor and some but not all of its
descendants
Evolution and Natural Selection refer to the same process - Correct Answers -False
Genetic drift acts to increase genetic variation within a population - Correct Answers -
False
Mutation is a completely random process - Correct Answers -True
founder effect - Correct Answers -Genetic drift that occurs when a few individuals
become isolated from a larger population and form a new population whose gene pool
composition is not reflective of that of the original population.
Bottleneck Effect - Correct Answers -Genetic drift resulting from the reduction of a
population, typically by a natural disaster, such that the surviving population is no longer
genetically representative of the original population.
The founder effect is an example of gene flow - Correct Answers -False
Mutation is the ultimate source of all variation - Correct Answers -True
Non-random mating causes allele frequencies to change - Correct Answers -False
Populations can still evolve even if they lack genetic variation - Correct Answers -False
It only takes a single generation for a population to return to Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium if all of the assumptions of the model are met - Correct Answers -True
Adaptation is the result of natural selection - Correct Answers -True
Evolution is a completely random process - Correct Answers -False
Evolution explains the origin of life - Correct Answers -False
Genetic drift is a completely random process - Correct Answers -True
Mutations occur to filter out less fit individuals - Correct Answers -False
Individuals adapt to their environment by natural selection - Correct Answers -False
Evolution is an increasingly well-supported scientific theory - Correct Answers -True
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
Homologous - Correct Answers -A trait that is inherited from a common ancestor
Analogous - Correct Answers -A trait that performs the same function in highly unrelated
species
Synapomorphy - Correct Answers -A shared derived trait
Symplesiomorphy - Correct Answers -A homologous ancestral trait (shared
characteristic that has evolved much earlier)
Autapomorphy - Correct Answers -A unique derived trait found only in a tip lineage
Convergent - Correct Answers -A trait that has evolved independently multiple times on
a phylogeny
Which of the following describes the most likely order of events in allopatric speciation?
A. genetic drift, genetic isolation, divergence
B. genetic isolation, genetic drift, divergence
C. genetic isolation, divergence, genetic drift
D. divergence, genetic drift, genetic isolation
E. divergence, genetic isolation, genetic drift - Correct Answers -E
The same basic internal organs (kidneys, stomach, heart, lungs) are found in frogs,
birds, snakes, and rodents. This is primarily an example of _____.
A. structural homology
B. developmental homology
C. genetic correlation
D. inheritance of acquired characteristics - Correct Answers -A
Adaption - Correct Answers -A process by which populations become better suited to
their environment as a result of natural selection. Traits have evolved to increase fitness
in response to natural selection.
Monophyletic Group - Correct Answers -An ancestor and all of its descendants
Node - Correct Answers -Part of a phylogeny where speciation has occurred
, Polytomy - Correct Answers -Part of a phylogeny showing uncertainty in evolutionary
relationships
Paraphyletic Group - Correct Answers -An ancestor and some but not all of its
descendants
Evolution and Natural Selection refer to the same process - Correct Answers -False
Genetic drift acts to increase genetic variation within a population - Correct Answers -
False
Mutation is a completely random process - Correct Answers -True
founder effect - Correct Answers -Genetic drift that occurs when a few individuals
become isolated from a larger population and form a new population whose gene pool
composition is not reflective of that of the original population.
Bottleneck Effect - Correct Answers -Genetic drift resulting from the reduction of a
population, typically by a natural disaster, such that the surviving population is no longer
genetically representative of the original population.
The founder effect is an example of gene flow - Correct Answers -False
Mutation is the ultimate source of all variation - Correct Answers -True
Non-random mating causes allele frequencies to change - Correct Answers -False
Populations can still evolve even if they lack genetic variation - Correct Answers -False
It only takes a single generation for a population to return to Hardy-Weinberg
equilibrium if all of the assumptions of the model are met - Correct Answers -True
Adaptation is the result of natural selection - Correct Answers -True
Evolution is a completely random process - Correct Answers -False
Evolution explains the origin of life - Correct Answers -False
Genetic drift is a completely random process - Correct Answers -True
Mutations occur to filter out less fit individuals - Correct Answers -False
Individuals adapt to their environment by natural selection - Correct Answers -False
Evolution is an increasingly well-supported scientific theory - Correct Answers -True
