PAEA PEDIATRICS EOR EXAM 2025 |
GUARANTEED ACCURATE ANSWERS
what is the MC conjunctivitis seen in children? what is the cause?
source? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ viral conjunctivitis; Adenovirus;
swimming pools
Dx? preauricular lymphadenopathy, copious watery eye discharge,
scanty mucoid discharge, usually unilateral with punctate staining on slit
lamp examination; Tx? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ dx: viral
conjunctivitis
tx: supportive (cool compresses, artificial tears) +/- antihistamines for
itching (Olopatadine)
Dx? bilateral eye itching, tearing, redness, string discharge, chemosis
(conjunctival swelling) with cobblestone appearance to inner/upper
eyelids; Tx? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ dx: allergic conjunctivitis
tx: topical antihistamines (H1 blockers) (Olopatadine,
Pheniramine/Naphazoline, Emedastine), topical NSAID (ketorolac),
topical corticosteroids (but s/e of long term use = glaucoma, cataracts,
HSV keratitis)
Dx? purulent eye discharge, lid crusting, no visual changes, absence of
ciliary injection; Tx? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ dx: bacterial
conjunctivitis (MC S. aureus, Strep pneumo, H. influenzae)
,tx: topical abx (erythromycin, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides,
aminoglycosides); if contact lens wearer cover for pseudomonas w/
fluoroquinolone or aminoglycoside
if bacterial conjunctivitis is found to be chlamydia or gonorrhea what is
the tx? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ admit for IV and topical abx
(ophtho emergency)
-gonoccoccal: IV ceftriaxone + topical
-chlamydia: IV azithromycin
neonatal conjunctivitis is aka? if left untreated can develop what? -
ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ ophthalmia neonatorum; corneal
ulceration, opacification/scarring, visual impairment/blindness
standard prophylaxis given immediately after birth to prevent
ophthalmia neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) includes: -
ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ erythromycin ointment, tetracycline
ointment, silver nitrate, or povidone-iodine
if ophthalmia neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) develops on day 1
after birth what is the most likely cause? day 2-5? day 5-7? day 7-11? -
ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ day 1: silver nitrate (chemical cause-
prophylaxis is what can cause the condition)
day 2-5: gonococcal
day 5-7: chlamydia
,day 7-11: HSV
orbital (septal) cellulitis is usually secondary to _________ infection in
most commonly what age group? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ sinus;
7-12y; other causes include dental/facial infxns or bacteremia
what is the most common sinus infection (90%) that causes secondary
orbital cellulitis? what organisms are the cause? - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ ethmoid; S. aureus, Strep. pneumo, GABHS (Strep.
pyogenes), H. influenzae
work up/Dx? decreased vision, pain w/ ocular movement, proptosis
(bulging eye), eyelid erythema and edema; tx? - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ dx: orbital cellulitis
work up: CT scan (showing infxn of fat & ocular muscles) or MRI
tx: IV antibiotics (Vanc, Clinda, Cefotaxime, Ampicillin/Sulbactam)
what is the difference b/t orbital (septal) cellulitis and preseptal
cellulitis? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ preseptal may still have ocular
pain, redness and swelling but NO visual changes or pain w/ ocular
mvmt (hasn't affected the muscles)
misalignment of the eyes is aka? when does stable ocular alignment
present in infants? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ strabismus; 2-3 mos
, convergent strabismus is aka? divergent strabismus is aka? -
ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ convergent: esotropia (deviated inward
"cross eyed")
divergent: exotropia (deviated ouward)
a + Hirschberg corneal light reflex test, diplopia, scotomas (blind spots),
or amblyopia (lazy eye) are clinical manifestations of what condition?
what other tests can be performed? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
strabismus; cover-uncover test to determine the angle of strabismus,
cover test, convergence testing
how can strabismus be treated? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ -patch
therapy: normal eye is covered to stimulate and strengthen the affected
eye
-eyeglasses
-corrective therapy: if severe or unresponsive to conservative therapy
if not treated before 2 y/o, amblyopia may occur and cause decreased
visual acuity that is not correctable
Dx? 1-2 days of ear pain, pruritis in the ear canal, auricular discharge,
pressure/fullness, hearing usually preserved, pain with tug test and
tragus pressure, auditory canal erythema/edema/debris, recent swimming
pool use; MC organisms? Tx? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Dx: otitis
externa
GUARANTEED ACCURATE ANSWERS
what is the MC conjunctivitis seen in children? what is the cause?
source? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ viral conjunctivitis; Adenovirus;
swimming pools
Dx? preauricular lymphadenopathy, copious watery eye discharge,
scanty mucoid discharge, usually unilateral with punctate staining on slit
lamp examination; Tx? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ dx: viral
conjunctivitis
tx: supportive (cool compresses, artificial tears) +/- antihistamines for
itching (Olopatadine)
Dx? bilateral eye itching, tearing, redness, string discharge, chemosis
(conjunctival swelling) with cobblestone appearance to inner/upper
eyelids; Tx? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ dx: allergic conjunctivitis
tx: topical antihistamines (H1 blockers) (Olopatadine,
Pheniramine/Naphazoline, Emedastine), topical NSAID (ketorolac),
topical corticosteroids (but s/e of long term use = glaucoma, cataracts,
HSV keratitis)
Dx? purulent eye discharge, lid crusting, no visual changes, absence of
ciliary injection; Tx? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ dx: bacterial
conjunctivitis (MC S. aureus, Strep pneumo, H. influenzae)
,tx: topical abx (erythromycin, fluoroquinolones, sulfonamides,
aminoglycosides); if contact lens wearer cover for pseudomonas w/
fluoroquinolone or aminoglycoside
if bacterial conjunctivitis is found to be chlamydia or gonorrhea what is
the tx? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ admit for IV and topical abx
(ophtho emergency)
-gonoccoccal: IV ceftriaxone + topical
-chlamydia: IV azithromycin
neonatal conjunctivitis is aka? if left untreated can develop what? -
ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ ophthalmia neonatorum; corneal
ulceration, opacification/scarring, visual impairment/blindness
standard prophylaxis given immediately after birth to prevent
ophthalmia neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) includes: -
ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ erythromycin ointment, tetracycline
ointment, silver nitrate, or povidone-iodine
if ophthalmia neonatorum (neonatal conjunctivitis) develops on day 1
after birth what is the most likely cause? day 2-5? day 5-7? day 7-11? -
ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ day 1: silver nitrate (chemical cause-
prophylaxis is what can cause the condition)
day 2-5: gonococcal
day 5-7: chlamydia
,day 7-11: HSV
orbital (septal) cellulitis is usually secondary to _________ infection in
most commonly what age group? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ sinus;
7-12y; other causes include dental/facial infxns or bacteremia
what is the most common sinus infection (90%) that causes secondary
orbital cellulitis? what organisms are the cause? - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ ethmoid; S. aureus, Strep. pneumo, GABHS (Strep.
pyogenes), H. influenzae
work up/Dx? decreased vision, pain w/ ocular movement, proptosis
(bulging eye), eyelid erythema and edema; tx? - ACCURATE
ANSWERS✔✔ dx: orbital cellulitis
work up: CT scan (showing infxn of fat & ocular muscles) or MRI
tx: IV antibiotics (Vanc, Clinda, Cefotaxime, Ampicillin/Sulbactam)
what is the difference b/t orbital (septal) cellulitis and preseptal
cellulitis? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ preseptal may still have ocular
pain, redness and swelling but NO visual changes or pain w/ ocular
mvmt (hasn't affected the muscles)
misalignment of the eyes is aka? when does stable ocular alignment
present in infants? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ strabismus; 2-3 mos
, convergent strabismus is aka? divergent strabismus is aka? -
ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ convergent: esotropia (deviated inward
"cross eyed")
divergent: exotropia (deviated ouward)
a + Hirschberg corneal light reflex test, diplopia, scotomas (blind spots),
or amblyopia (lazy eye) are clinical manifestations of what condition?
what other tests can be performed? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔
strabismus; cover-uncover test to determine the angle of strabismus,
cover test, convergence testing
how can strabismus be treated? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ -patch
therapy: normal eye is covered to stimulate and strengthen the affected
eye
-eyeglasses
-corrective therapy: if severe or unresponsive to conservative therapy
if not treated before 2 y/o, amblyopia may occur and cause decreased
visual acuity that is not correctable
Dx? 1-2 days of ear pain, pruritis in the ear canal, auricular discharge,
pressure/fullness, hearing usually preserved, pain with tug test and
tragus pressure, auditory canal erythema/edema/debris, recent swimming
pool use; MC organisms? Tx? - ACCURATE ANSWERS✔✔ Dx: otitis
externa
