Apex Mock Exam 2 –KAY with 97 complete solutions.

Apex Mock Exam 2 –KAY with 97
complete solutions.
Apex Mock Exam 2 –KAY with 97
complete solutions.
Which option initiates hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction? - ANSWER alveolar hypoxia



Pulmonary hypertension is defined as PAP of at least? - ANSWER 25mmHg and a PAOP of no more than
15mmHg



When properly placed the distal tip of the LMA sits at the? - ANSWER cricopharyngeus muscle (upper
esophageal sphincter)



When properly placed, the ProSeal LMA allows a positive ventilation pressure of? - ANSWER 30cm H2O



In which circumstances is supplemental oxygen LEAST likely to increase arterial oxygenation? - ANSWER
Pulmonary edema



What are (2) examples of instrinsic restrictive lung disease? - ANSWER Pulmonary edema

Aspiration pneumonia



Acute Intrinsic= caused by fluid moving into the interstitial space of the pulmonary parenchyma.



A patient received a citrated non-particulate antacid, but the case has been delayed. How long after the
initial dose should a second dose be considered? - ANSWER 60minutes



Match the Intrinsic Laryngeal Muscle with its action on layrngeal movement?

a)Aryepiglottic

b)cricothyroid

c)posterior cricoarytenoid

,Apex Mock Exam 2 –KAY with 97
complete solutions.
d)thyroarytenoid - ANSWER a)Aryepiglottic - closes glottic opening

b)cricothyroid - lengthens vocal cords

c)posterior cricoarytenoid - abducts vocal cords

d)thyroarytenoid - adducts vocal cords



Calculate expected PAO2 when the PaCO2= 80mmHg, FiO2= 28%, and A-a gradient is 35 - ANSWER
PAO2 = (FiO2 x (Pb - PH20) - (PaCO2/RQ)

0.28 x(760-47) - (80/0.8)

200-100 = 100mmHg

100mmHg - 35(A-a gradient) = 65mmHg



Which (3) axes must be aligned to ensure the best chance for successful laryngoscopy and intubation? -
ANSWER Oral (OA)

Pharyngeal (PA)

Laryngeal (LA)



In a male patient, what is the next step after the tip of the double lumen ETT passes through the vocal
cords? - ANSWER Rotate the DLT 90 degrees in the direction of the bronchus to be intubated



When used during laparoscopic procedure, an LMA: - ANSWER can be used if the procedure is less than
15minutes



Muscarinic-2 stimulation causes - ANSWER Bradycardia

M2 receptor slows cardiac conduction



Dexmedetomidine (2 reactions) - ANSWER Can cause HTN(central A2 stimulation causes vasodilation,
sedation, and analgesia. Peripheral stimulation initiates vasoconstriction)



reduces adenylate cyclase(stimulation of G protein inhibits adenylate cyclase and reduces cAMP)

, Apex Mock Exam 2 –KAY with 97
complete solutions.

Systolic murmur heard over 5th intercostal space and MCL. What type of valvular disease would one
expect? - ANSWER Mitral regurgitation



Identify the vessel that will have reverse blood flow as a result of left subclavian steal syndrome? -
ANSWER



Choose the BEST (2) NMB for the patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy? - ANSWER Vecuronium
and Rocuronium

(NOT pancuronium it increases HR, not atracurium in releases histamine)



Match each cardiac pathophysiology with its characteristic pulse waveform?

a) Aortic Stenosis -

b) Aortic Regurgitation -

c) Cardiac Tamponade -

d) Systolic left ventricular failure - - ANSWER a) Aortic Stenosis - Pulsus parvus

b) Aortic Regurgitation - Bisferiens pulse

c) Cardiac Tamponade - Pulsus paradoxus

d) Systolic left ventricular failure - Pulsus alternans



Match the vasodilator with its primary site of action

a) Nitroglycerin:

b) Prazosin:

c) Nitroprusside: - ANSWER a) Nitroglycerin: venules

b) Prazosin: arterioles

c) Nitroprusside: arterioles & venules



What (2) increase after placement of an infra-renal aortic cross clamp? - ANSWER Mixed venous oxygen
saturation