and Evidence Exam Reviewed Questions
and Answers Latest 2025/2026 GRADED
A+
PROPOSITIONS - CORRECT ANSWER-Are statements that can be true or false
NON-PROPOSITONS - CORRECT ANSWER-Are sentences that are not statements
about matters of fact or fiction. They do not make a claim that can be true or false.
SIMPLE PROPOSITIONS - CORRECT ANSWER-Have no internal logic structure,
meaning whether they are true or false does not depend on whether a part of them is
true or false. They are simply true or false on their own. (Example: Harry Potter wears
glasses. The sky is blue.)
COMPLEX PROPOSITIONS - CORRECT ANSWER-Have internal logic structure,
meaning they are composed of simple propositions. Whether they are true or false
depends on whether their parts are true or false. (Example: The sky is blue, but it does
not look blue to me right now. The cat ate the food, but he did not like it. The GDP of
Canada is either $3 trillion or $12 trillion.)
, Words used to identify Independent Propositions - CORRECT ANSWER-AND, OR,
EITHER, BUT, IF, THEN.
CONCLUSION INDICATORS - CORRECT ANSWER-THEREFORE, SO, IT FOLLOWS
THAT, HENCE, THUS, ENTAILS THAT, WE MAY CONCLUDE THAT, IMPLIES
THAT, WHEREFORE, AND AS A RESULT.
PREMISE INDICATORS - CORRECT ANSWER-BECAUSE, FOR, GIVEN THAT, AS,
SINCE, AS INDICATED BY.
DEDUCTIVE ARGUMENTS - CORRECT ANSWER-Arguments where the premises
guarantee or necessitate the conclusion.
-mathematical arguments, logical arguments, arguments from definition.
INDUCTION ARGUMENTS - CORRECT ANSWER-Arguments where the premises
make the conclusion probable.
-analogies, authority, causal inferences, extrapolations, etc.
INFERENCE TO THE BEST EXPLANATION OR ABDUCTION - CORRECT ANSWER-
Arguments where the best available explanation is chosen as the correct explanation.
FORMAL FALLACY - CORRECT ANSWER-Concerns the structure of an argument
INFORMAL FALLACY - CORRECT ANSWER-Concerns the informational content of
an argument
A FORMAL FALLACY IS A TYPE OF - CORRECT ANSWER-Bad Argument Structure