HESI FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS

HESI FUNDAMENTALS PRACTICE
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
TheAnurseAobservesAthatAaAmaleAclientAhasAremovedAtheAcoveringAfromAanAiceAparkA
appliedAtoAhisAknee.AWhatAactionAshouldAtheAnurseAtakeAfirst?A
A.AObserveAtheAappearanceAofAtheAskinAunderAtheAiceApack.
B.AInstructAtheAclientAregardingAtheAneedAforAtheAcovering.
C.AReapplyAtheAcoveringAafterAfillingAwithAfreshAice.
D.AAskAtheAclientAhowAlongAtheAiceAwasAappliedAtoAtheAskin.A-AcorrectAanswers-
ObserveAtheAappearanceAofAtheAskinAunderAtheAiceApackA(TheAfirstAactionAtakenAbyAtheAnur
seAshouldAbeAtoAassessAtheAskinAforAanyApossibleAthermalAinjury.AIfAnoAinjuryAtoAtheAskinAha
sAoccurred,AtheAnurseAcanAtakeAtheAotherAactions.)
TheAnurseAmixesA50AmgAofANiprideAinA250AmLAofAD5W AandAplansAtoAadministerAtheAsolutio
nAatAaArateAofA5Amcg/kg/minAtoAaAclientAweightingA182Albs.AUsingAaAdripAfactorAofA60Agtt/mL,
AhowAmanyAdropsAperAminuteAshouldAtheAclientAreceive?A-AcorrectAanswers-124Agtt/min

TheAhealthcareAproviderAprescribesAanAIVAinfusionAofA1000AmlAofARinger'sALactateAw/A30Au
nitsAofAPitocinAtoArunAinAoverA4AhoursAforAaAclientAwhoAhasAjustAdeliveredAaA10ApoundAinfant
AbyAcesareanAsection.ATheAtubingAhasAbeenAchangedAtoAaA20Agtt/mlAadministrationAset.ATh

eAnurseAplansAtoAsetAtheAflowArateAatAhowAmanyAgtt/min?A-AcorrectAanswers-83Agtt/min
WhichAassessmentAdataAprovidesAtheAmostAaccurateAdeterminationAofAproperAplacementA
ofAaAnasogastricAtube?A-AcorrectAanswers-ExaminingAaAchestAx-
rayAobtainedAafterAtheAtubingAwasAinserted
ThreeAdaysAfollowingAaAsurgery,AaAmaleAclientAobservesAhisAcolostomyAforAtheAfirstAtime.AH
eAbecomesAquiteAupsetAandAtellsAtheAnurseAthatAitAisAmuchAbiggerAthanAheAexpected.AWhat
AisAtheAbestAresponseAbyAtheAnurse?

A.AReassureAtheAclientAthatAheAwillAbecomeAaccustomedAtoAtheAstomaAappearanceAinAtime
.A
B.AInstructAtheAclientAthatAtheAstomaAwillAbecomeAmuchAsmallerAwhenAtheAinitialAswellingAdi
minishes.A
C.AOfferAtoAcontactAaAmemberAofAtheAlocalAostomyAsupportAgroupAtoAhelpAhimAwithAhisAcon
cerns.
D.AEncourageAtheAclientAtoAhandleAtheAstomaAequipmentAtoAgainAconfidenceAwithAtheAproc
edure.A-AcorrectAanswers-
B.AInstructAtheAclientAthatAtheAstomaAwillAbecomeAsmallerAwhenAtheAinitialAswellingAdiminis
hesA(PostoperativeAswellingAcausesAenlargementAofAtheAstoma.ATheAnurseAcanAteachAtheA
clientAthatAtheAstomaAwillAbecomeAsmallerAwhenAswellingAisAdiminishedA(B).AThisAwillAhelpA
reduceAtheAclient'sAanxietyAandApromoteAacceptanceAofAtheAcolostomy.A(A)AdoesAnotAprovi
deAhelpfulAteachingAorAsupport.A(C)AisAaAusefulAaction,AandAmayAbeAtakenAafterAtheAnurseAp
rovidesApertinentAteaching.ATheAclientAisAnotAyetAdemonstratingAreadinessAtoAlearnAcolosto
myAcare.A(D)
AAfemaleAclientAwithAaAnasogastricAtubeAattachedAtoAlowAsuctionAstatesAthatAsheAisAnausea
ted.ATheAnurseAassessesAthatAthereAhasAbeenAnoAdrainageAthroughAtheAnasogastricAtubeAi
nAtheAlastAtwoAhours.AWhatAactionAshouldAtheAnurseAtakeAfirst?

,A.AIrrigateAtheAnasogastricAtubeAwithAsterileAnormalAsaline.
B.ARepositionAtheAclientAonAherAside.
C.AAdvanceAtheAnasogastricAtubeAanAadditionalAfiveAcentimeters.
D.AAdministerAanAintravenousAantiemeticAprescribedAforAPRNAuse.A-AcorrectAanswers-
B.ARepositionAtheAclientAonAherAside.A(TheAimmediateApriorityAisAtoAdetermineAifAtheAtubeAis
AfunctioningAcorrectly,AwhichAwouldAthenArelieveAtheAclient'sAnausea.ATheAleastAinvasiveAin

terventionA(B)AshouldAbeAattemptedAfirst,AfollowedAbyA(AAandAC),AunlessAeitherAofAtheseAint
erventionsAisAcontraindicated.AIfAtheseAmeasuresAareAunsuccessful,AtheAclientAmayArequir
eAanAantiemeticA(D))
AAhospitalizedAmaleAclientAisAreceivingAnasogastricAtubeAfeedingsAviaAaAsmall-
boreAtubeAandAaAcontinuousApumpAinfusion.AHeAreportsAthatAheAhadAaAbadAboutAofAsevereA
coughingAaAfewAminutesAago,AbutAfeelsAfineAnow.AWhatAactionAisAbestAforAtheAnurseAtoAtake
?
A.ARecordAtheAcoughingAincident.ANoAfurtherAactionAisArequiredAatAthisAtime.
B.AStopAtheAfeeding,AexplainAtoAtheAfamilyAwhyAitAisAbeingAstopped,AandAnotifyAtheAHCP.
C.AAfterAclearingAtheAtubeAwithA30AmlAofAair,AcheckAtheApHAofAfluidAwithdrawnAfromAtheAtube
.
D.AInjectA30AmlAofAairAintoAtheAtubeAwhileAauscultatingAtheAepigastriumAforAgurgling.A-
AcorrectAanswers-

C.AAfterAclearingAtheAtubeAwithA30AmlAofAair,AcheckAtheApHAofAfluidAwithdrawnAfromAtheAtube
.
AAmaleAclientAtellsAtheAnurseAthatAheAdoesAnotAknowAwhereAheAisAorAwhatAyearAitAis.AWhatAd
ataAshouldAtheAnurseAdocumentAthatAisAmostAaccurate?
A.AdemonstratesAlossAofAremoteAmemory
B.AexhibitsAexpressiveAdysphasia
C.AhasAaAdiminishedAattentionAspan
D.AisAdisorientedAtoAplaceAandAtimeA-AcorrectAanswers-
D.AisAdisorientedAtoAplaceAandAtimeA(TheAclientAisAexhibitingAdisorientationA(D).A(A)ArefersAt
oAmemoryAofAtheAdistantApast.ATheAclientAisAableAtoAexpressAhimselfAwithoutAdifficultyA(B),A
andAdoesAnotAdemonstrateAdiminishedAattentionAspan.A(C).
AAclientAwithAchronicAkidneyAdiseaseA(CKD)AselectsAaAscrambledAeggAforAhisAbreakfast.AW
hatAactionAshouldAtheAnurseAtake?
A.ACommendAtheAclientAforAselectingAaAhighAbiologicAvalueAprotein.
B.ARemindAtheAclientAthatAproteinAinAtheAdietAshouldAbeAavoided.
C.ASuggestAthatAtheAclientAalsoAselectAorangeAjuice,AtoApromoteAabsorption.
D.AEncourageAtheAclientAtoAattendAclassesAonAdietaryAmanagementAofACKD.A-
AcorrectAanswers-

A.ACommendAtheAclientAforAselectingAaAhighAbiologicAvalueAprotein.A(FoodsAsuchAasAeggsA
andAmilkA(A)AareAhighAbiologicAproteinsAwhichAareAallowedAbecauseAtheyAareAcompleteApro
teinsAandAsupplyAtheAessentialAaminoAacidsAthatAareAnecessaryAforAgrowthAandAcellArepair.
AOrangeAjuiceAisArichAinApotassiumAandAshouldAnotAbeAencouraged.ATheAclientAhasAmadeAa

AgoodAdietAchoiceAsoA(D)AisAnotAnecessary.)

WhenAassistingAanA82AyearAoldAclientAtoAambulate,AitAisAimportantAforAtheAnurseAtoArealizeAt
hatAtheAcenterAofAgravityAforAanAelderlyApersonAisAthe--A-AcorrectAanswers-
UpperAtorsoA(TheAcenterAofAgravityAforAadultsAisAtheAhips.AHowever,AasAtheApersonAgrowsA
older,AaAstoopedApostureAisAcommonAbecauseAofAtheAchangesAfromAosteoporosisAandAnor

, malAboneAdegeneration,AandAtheAknees,Ahips,AandAelbowsAflex.AThisAstoopedApostureAres
ultsAinAtheAupperAtorsoAbecomingAtheAcenterAofAgravityAforAolderApersons.)
InAdevelopingAaAplanAofAcareAforAaAclientAwithAdementia,AtheAnurseAshouldArememberAthatA
confusionAinAtheAelderlyA
A.AisAtoAbeAexpected,AandAprogressesAwithAage
B.AoftenAfollowsArelocationAtoAnewAsurroundings
C.AisAaAresultAofAirreversibleAbrainApathologyA
D.AcanAbeApreventedAwithAadequateAsleepA-AcorrectAanswers-
B.AoftenAfollowsArelocationAtoAnewAsurroundingsA(RelocationA(B)AoftenAresultsAinAconfusion
AamongAelderlyAclients--

AmovingAisAstressfulAforAanyone.A(A)AisAstereotypicalAjudgement.AStressAinAtheAelderlyAofte

nAmanifestsAitselfAasAconfusion,AsoA(C)AisAwrong.AAdequateAsleepAisAnotAaApreventionA(D)Af
orAconfusion.)
AApostoperativeAclientAwillAneedAtoAperformAdailyAdressingAchangesAafterAdischarge.AWhic
hAoutcomeAstatementAbestAdemonstratesAtheAclient'sAreadinessAtoAmanageAhisAwoundAcar
eAafterAdischarge?ATheAclient
A.AasksArelevantAquestionsAregardingAtheAdressingAchange
B.AstatesAheAwillAbeAableAtoAcompleteAtheAwoundAcareAregimenA
C.AdemonstratesAtheAwoundAcareAprocedureAcorrectlyA
D.AhasAallAtheAnecessaryAsuppliesAforAwoundAcareA-AcorrectAanswers-
C.AdemonstratesAtheAwoundAcareAprocedureAcorrectlyA
(AAreturnAdemonstrationAofAaAprocedureA(C)AprovidesAanAobjectiveAassessmentAofAtheAclie
nt'sAabilityAtoAperformAaAtask,AwhileA(AAandAB)AareAsubjectiveAmeasures.A(D)AisAimportant,A
butAisAlessAofAaApriorityAthanAtheAtheAnurse'sAassessmentAofAtheAclient'sAabilityAtoAcompleteA
woundAcare.)
AAclientAwhoAisA5A'5"AtallAandAweighsA200ApoundsAisAscheduledAforAsurgeryAtheAnextAday.A
WhatAquestionAisAmostAimportantAforAtheAnurseAtoAincludeAduringAtheApreoperativeAassess
ment?
A.AWhatAisAyourAdailyAcalorieAconsumption?
B.AWhatAvitaminAandAmineralAsupplementsAdoAyouAtake?"
C.A"DoAyouAfeelAthatAyouAareAoverweight?"
D.A"WillAaAclearAliquidAdietAbeAokayAafterAsurgery?"A-AcorrectAanswers-
B.A"WhatAvitaminAandAmineralAsupplementsAdoAyouAtake?"
(VitaminAandAmineralAsupplementsA(B)AmayAimpactAmedicationsAusedAduringAtheAoperativ
eAperiod.A(AAandAC)AareAappropriateAquestionsAforAlong-
termAdietaryAcounseling.ATheAnatureAofAtheAsurgeryAandAanesthesiaAwillAdetermineAtheAne
edAforAaAclearAliquidAdietA(D),AratherAthanAtheAclient'sApreference.)
DuringAtheAinitialAmorningAassessment,AaAmaleAclientAdeniesAdysuriaAbutAreportsAthatAhisAu
rineAappearsAdarkAamber.AWhichAinterventionAshouldAtheAnurseAimplement?
A.AProvideAadditionalAcoffeeAonAtheAclient'sAbreakfastAtray.
B.AExchangeAtheAclient'sAgrapeAjuiceAforAcranberryAjuice.
C.ABringAtheAclientAadditionalAfruitAatAmid-morning.
D.AEncourageAadditionalAoralAintakeAofAjuicesAandAwater.A-AcorrectAanswers-
D.AEncourageAadditionalAoralAintakeAofAjuicesAandAwater.
WhichAinterventionAisAmostAimportantAforAtheAnurseAtoAimplementAforAaAmaleAclientAwhoAisA
experiencingAurinaryAretention?