ECPI Anatomy/Physiology 1 + lab
Question With Correct Answers
Origins of Medical science - Answer -✔✔ 1.) Started with superstition and magic
2.) Originated in Greek & Latin terminology
Scientific Method - Answer -✔✔ "Investigating the Natural World"
Testing a Hypothesis = - Answer -✔✔ 1.) Rejecting or Accepting the hypothesis
2.) Based on results of experiment and observations
Anatomy + Physiology = ? - Answer -✔✔ How the body maintains life
Anatomy - Answer -✔✔ "cutting up"
1. structures of the body
2. Forms/ organization
Physiology - Answer -✔✔ "relationship to nature"
1. functions of the body
2. What do they do and how?
Gene Expression Profiling - Answer -✔✔ Reveals commonalities among pairs of
diseases that had not been suspected based on whole-body-level observations
Chemical Organization - Answer -✔✔ 1.Atoms
2. Molecules
Subatomic Particles - Answer -✔✔ Make up atoms
Molecules - Answer -✔✔ Where atoms join together
Macromolecules - Answer -✔✔ Small molecules join together to make larger molecules
Human Organism Organization smallest-largest - Answer -✔✔ 1. Subatomc particles
2. atoms
3. molecules
4. macromolecules
5. organelles
6. cells
7. tissues
8. organs
,9. organ systems
10. organisms
Cells - Answer -✔✔ basic unit
Organelles - Answer -✔✔ carry on specific activities
e. proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids
tissues - Answer -✔✔ layers/masses of cells with special functions
Organs - Answer -✔✔ groups of tissues with specific functions
organs systems - Answer -✔✔ groups of organs that function close together
organisms - Answer -✔✔ interacting organ systems
Internal environment - Answer -✔✔ environment within the body in which the cells live
Cell membrane - Answer -✔✔ interior and exterior cell membranes
Interior cell membrane - Answer -✔✔ intracellular fluid
exterior cell membrane - Answer -✔✔ extracellular fluid
homeostasis - Answer -✔✔ the maintenance of a relatively constant internal
environment
Interdependency of cells - Answer -✔✔ -cells depend on one another
-if some cells arent able to function, other cells and the entire organism may suffer
-structure and function are interrelated
Gradients & Permeability - Answer -✔✔ down a gradient (High to Low)
high pressure to low pressure
high concentration to low concentration
Diffusion - Answer -✔✔ high concentration to low concentration (concentration
gradient)
membrane permeability - Answer -✔✔ what is allowed in to the membrane or not
Permeant - Answer -✔✔ substance can pass through
Cellular differentiation - Answer -✔✔ cells become specialized
, -different cell types (muscle/nerve) access information encoded in different genes to
make specific proteins
-proteins that cells make determine the function
Cell membrane mechanisms - Answer -✔✔ -determines which substances enter a cell
and which cannot
-allow cells to respond to certain signals
Cell to cell communication - Answer -✔✔ membrane receptors / feedback loops
Feedback loops - Answer -✔✔ -negative or positive
-cells signal each other when the internal environment has been compromised so
adjustments can be made to keep homeostasis
-when adjustments have been made, they also signal to show the adjustments are no
longer needed.
Homeostatic Mechanisms = - Answer -✔✔ feedback loops
-receptors
-control center
-effectors
Balance within the body - Answer -✔✔ must replace substances that are lost and
eliminate substances that are no longer needed or in excess
Energy processes - Answer -✔✔ -everything in the body requires energy
-heat energy (cells kept chemically active)
-energy released from chemical reactions in a form that cells can use.
Characteristics of life - Answer -✔✔ -movement
-responsiveness
-growth
-reproduction
-respiration
-digestion
-absorption
-circulation
-assimilation
-excretion
Metabolism - Answer -✔✔ collection of chemical reactions in cells that support life
-reproduction (digesting/ingesting/absorbing)
-respiration for growth and repair
Requirements of organisms - Answer -✔✔ -water
-food
Question With Correct Answers
Origins of Medical science - Answer -✔✔ 1.) Started with superstition and magic
2.) Originated in Greek & Latin terminology
Scientific Method - Answer -✔✔ "Investigating the Natural World"
Testing a Hypothesis = - Answer -✔✔ 1.) Rejecting or Accepting the hypothesis
2.) Based on results of experiment and observations
Anatomy + Physiology = ? - Answer -✔✔ How the body maintains life
Anatomy - Answer -✔✔ "cutting up"
1. structures of the body
2. Forms/ organization
Physiology - Answer -✔✔ "relationship to nature"
1. functions of the body
2. What do they do and how?
Gene Expression Profiling - Answer -✔✔ Reveals commonalities among pairs of
diseases that had not been suspected based on whole-body-level observations
Chemical Organization - Answer -✔✔ 1.Atoms
2. Molecules
Subatomic Particles - Answer -✔✔ Make up atoms
Molecules - Answer -✔✔ Where atoms join together
Macromolecules - Answer -✔✔ Small molecules join together to make larger molecules
Human Organism Organization smallest-largest - Answer -✔✔ 1. Subatomc particles
2. atoms
3. molecules
4. macromolecules
5. organelles
6. cells
7. tissues
8. organs
,9. organ systems
10. organisms
Cells - Answer -✔✔ basic unit
Organelles - Answer -✔✔ carry on specific activities
e. proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids
tissues - Answer -✔✔ layers/masses of cells with special functions
Organs - Answer -✔✔ groups of tissues with specific functions
organs systems - Answer -✔✔ groups of organs that function close together
organisms - Answer -✔✔ interacting organ systems
Internal environment - Answer -✔✔ environment within the body in which the cells live
Cell membrane - Answer -✔✔ interior and exterior cell membranes
Interior cell membrane - Answer -✔✔ intracellular fluid
exterior cell membrane - Answer -✔✔ extracellular fluid
homeostasis - Answer -✔✔ the maintenance of a relatively constant internal
environment
Interdependency of cells - Answer -✔✔ -cells depend on one another
-if some cells arent able to function, other cells and the entire organism may suffer
-structure and function are interrelated
Gradients & Permeability - Answer -✔✔ down a gradient (High to Low)
high pressure to low pressure
high concentration to low concentration
Diffusion - Answer -✔✔ high concentration to low concentration (concentration
gradient)
membrane permeability - Answer -✔✔ what is allowed in to the membrane or not
Permeant - Answer -✔✔ substance can pass through
Cellular differentiation - Answer -✔✔ cells become specialized
, -different cell types (muscle/nerve) access information encoded in different genes to
make specific proteins
-proteins that cells make determine the function
Cell membrane mechanisms - Answer -✔✔ -determines which substances enter a cell
and which cannot
-allow cells to respond to certain signals
Cell to cell communication - Answer -✔✔ membrane receptors / feedback loops
Feedback loops - Answer -✔✔ -negative or positive
-cells signal each other when the internal environment has been compromised so
adjustments can be made to keep homeostasis
-when adjustments have been made, they also signal to show the adjustments are no
longer needed.
Homeostatic Mechanisms = - Answer -✔✔ feedback loops
-receptors
-control center
-effectors
Balance within the body - Answer -✔✔ must replace substances that are lost and
eliminate substances that are no longer needed or in excess
Energy processes - Answer -✔✔ -everything in the body requires energy
-heat energy (cells kept chemically active)
-energy released from chemical reactions in a form that cells can use.
Characteristics of life - Answer -✔✔ -movement
-responsiveness
-growth
-reproduction
-respiration
-digestion
-absorption
-circulation
-assimilation
-excretion
Metabolism - Answer -✔✔ collection of chemical reactions in cells that support life
-reproduction (digesting/ingesting/absorbing)
-respiration for growth and repair
Requirements of organisms - Answer -✔✔ -water
-food
