BIOD 121 (portage) Module 4: Vitamins and Minerals
questions with verified answers
____________ is very sensitive to light, so milk containers are almost always
opaque to prevent degredation. Ans✓✓✓ Riboflavin (B2)
10 minutes of sunshine 2-3 days a week will give you _________________ of our
vitamin D needs. Ans✓✓✓ 80-100%
2 types of anemia caused by a deficiency in B-12: Ans✓✓✓ 1) megaloblastic
(macrocytic) anemia. 2) Pernicious anemia meaning "leading to death" as it is
associated with never degeneration that can lead to paralysis and death
8 B vitamins: Ans✓✓✓ thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin,
vitamin B-6, folate, and vitamin B-12
8 B-complex vitamins and citamin C: Ans✓✓✓ water-soluble vitamins include
An excessively large water intake will _________ the blood electrolytes and
overwhelm the kidneys' ability to secrete fluids. In extreme cases, water toxicity
has lead to death. Ans✓✓✓ dilute
anemia: Ans✓✓✓ as iron stores are diminished, the capability for manufacturing
red blood cells declines, and an iron deficiency develops
Antioxidant: Ans✓✓✓ stop the reactive substances (oxidants) from potentially
causing damage to cells
,Ariboflavinosis: Ans✓✓✓ A riboflavin deficiency (RARE)
- glossitis: inflammation of the tongue
-cheilosis: cracks around the mouth
Avidin: Ans✓✓✓ prevents Biotin absorption. Egg whites have high amounts and a
high consumption may cause problems.
Beriberi: "I can't I can't" Ans✓✓✓ the thiamin-deficiency disease; characterized
by loss of sensation in the hands and feet, muscular weakness, advancing
paralysis, and abnormal heart action
Bioavailability for minerals: Ans✓✓✓ is the degree to which a nutrient is
absorbed and available for use by the body. It can be affected by: mineral sources,
fiber-mineral interactions, mineral-mineral interactions, and vitamin-mineral
interactions
Bioavailability: Ans✓✓✓ the amount of a vitamin that is absorbed and available
to the body.
Biotin (water soluble vitamin) Ans✓✓✓ production of glucose and fatty acids;
DNA synthesis
Calcium (Ca): Ans✓✓✓ - teeth and bones structure, blood clotting, nerve
transmission, and muscle contractions
- absorbed in the upper small intestine
- 1000-1200 mg daily
- absorption (parathyroid hormone helps to absorb calcium, vitamin D inhibits it)
, - Tetany (if calcium is low tetany causes muscles to "jump" or restless leg
syndrom)
Chloride (Cl): Ans✓✓✓ - largest source is table salt
- important for extracellular fluid control, immune function, and as a component
of hydrochloric acid in the stomach
- can contribute to increased blood pressure and is over consumed in a typical
diet
Chromium (Cr): Ans✓✓✓ enhances the transport of glucose across cells by aiding
insulin function (glucose control).
- low levels of intake may lead to type 2 diabetes, elevated cholesterol and
triglyceride levels.
- supplements not advised
- levels differ in soil (in plant sources)
Coenzymes Ans✓✓✓ small molecules that bind to inactive enzymes and, once
bound, cause the enzyme to become active.
Copper (Cu): Ans✓✓✓ important in the metabolism of iron, as a cofactor for
antioxidants, connective tissue proteins, blood clotting, and immune functions.
- absorbed in the stomach and small intestines
- food sources are better absorbed than supplements
-normally individuals consume adequate amounts
D2 (ergocalcuferol): Ans✓✓✓ synthetic product used in supplements
questions with verified answers
____________ is very sensitive to light, so milk containers are almost always
opaque to prevent degredation. Ans✓✓✓ Riboflavin (B2)
10 minutes of sunshine 2-3 days a week will give you _________________ of our
vitamin D needs. Ans✓✓✓ 80-100%
2 types of anemia caused by a deficiency in B-12: Ans✓✓✓ 1) megaloblastic
(macrocytic) anemia. 2) Pernicious anemia meaning "leading to death" as it is
associated with never degeneration that can lead to paralysis and death
8 B vitamins: Ans✓✓✓ thiamin, riboflavin, niacin, pantothenic acid, biotin,
vitamin B-6, folate, and vitamin B-12
8 B-complex vitamins and citamin C: Ans✓✓✓ water-soluble vitamins include
An excessively large water intake will _________ the blood electrolytes and
overwhelm the kidneys' ability to secrete fluids. In extreme cases, water toxicity
has lead to death. Ans✓✓✓ dilute
anemia: Ans✓✓✓ as iron stores are diminished, the capability for manufacturing
red blood cells declines, and an iron deficiency develops
Antioxidant: Ans✓✓✓ stop the reactive substances (oxidants) from potentially
causing damage to cells
,Ariboflavinosis: Ans✓✓✓ A riboflavin deficiency (RARE)
- glossitis: inflammation of the tongue
-cheilosis: cracks around the mouth
Avidin: Ans✓✓✓ prevents Biotin absorption. Egg whites have high amounts and a
high consumption may cause problems.
Beriberi: "I can't I can't" Ans✓✓✓ the thiamin-deficiency disease; characterized
by loss of sensation in the hands and feet, muscular weakness, advancing
paralysis, and abnormal heart action
Bioavailability for minerals: Ans✓✓✓ is the degree to which a nutrient is
absorbed and available for use by the body. It can be affected by: mineral sources,
fiber-mineral interactions, mineral-mineral interactions, and vitamin-mineral
interactions
Bioavailability: Ans✓✓✓ the amount of a vitamin that is absorbed and available
to the body.
Biotin (water soluble vitamin) Ans✓✓✓ production of glucose and fatty acids;
DNA synthesis
Calcium (Ca): Ans✓✓✓ - teeth and bones structure, blood clotting, nerve
transmission, and muscle contractions
- absorbed in the upper small intestine
- 1000-1200 mg daily
- absorption (parathyroid hormone helps to absorb calcium, vitamin D inhibits it)
, - Tetany (if calcium is low tetany causes muscles to "jump" or restless leg
syndrom)
Chloride (Cl): Ans✓✓✓ - largest source is table salt
- important for extracellular fluid control, immune function, and as a component
of hydrochloric acid in the stomach
- can contribute to increased blood pressure and is over consumed in a typical
diet
Chromium (Cr): Ans✓✓✓ enhances the transport of glucose across cells by aiding
insulin function (glucose control).
- low levels of intake may lead to type 2 diabetes, elevated cholesterol and
triglyceride levels.
- supplements not advised
- levels differ in soil (in plant sources)
Coenzymes Ans✓✓✓ small molecules that bind to inactive enzymes and, once
bound, cause the enzyme to become active.
Copper (Cu): Ans✓✓✓ important in the metabolism of iron, as a cofactor for
antioxidants, connective tissue proteins, blood clotting, and immune functions.
- absorbed in the stomach and small intestines
- food sources are better absorbed than supplements
-normally individuals consume adequate amounts
D2 (ergocalcuferol): Ans✓✓✓ synthetic product used in supplements
