SAMENVATTING AFWERKING
Inhoudsopgave
Hout ............................................................................................................................................................... 5
Inleiding.............................................................................................................................................................. 5
Dwarsdoorsnede van hout ............................................................................................................................ 5
Bijzondere vormingen ................................................................................................................................... 5
Verkerning ..................................................................................................................................................... 5
Eigenschappen van hout .................................................................................................................................... 6
Vochtgehalte ................................................................................................................................................. 6
Vormstabiliteit............................................................................................................................................... 6
Volume gewicht (VG) .................................................................................................................................... 7
Mechanische eigenschappen ........................................................................................................................ 7
Warmte en brandgevaar ............................................................................................................................... 8
Duurzaamheid ............................................................................................................................................... 8
Gebreken van hout ............................................................................................................................................. 9
Excentrisch hart en reactiehout .................................................................................................................... 9
Harsgallen...................................................................................................................................................... 9
Draaigroei en warrigheid ............................................................................................................................... 9
Kwasten ....................................................................................................................................................... 10
Kromstammigheid ....................................................................................................................................... 10
Ringscheuren ............................................................................................................................................... 10
Hart- of kernscheuren ................................................................................................................................. 10
Droogtescheur ............................................................................................................................................. 10
Bewerken van hout .......................................................................................................................................... 10
Doorsnede van het hout ............................................................................................................................. 10
Vellen van bomen........................................................................................................................................ 11
Zagen ........................................................................................................................................................... 11
Sorteren en stapelen ................................................................................................................................... 11
Drogen ......................................................................................................................................................... 11
Logen of wateren van hout ......................................................................................................................... 12
Plaatmateriaal/composieten op basis van hout .............................................................................................. 12
Fineer .......................................................................................................................................................... 12
Triplex en multiplex ..................................................................................................................................... 13
Meubelplaat ................................................................................................................................................ 14
Vezelplaat of board ..................................................................................................................................... 15
Spaanplaat ................................................................................................................................................... 16
Oriented strand board (OSB) ....................................................................................................................... 18
Houtwolcementplaten ................................................................................................................................ 18
Afwerkingslagen .............................................................................................................................................. 19
Hogedruklaminaten (HPL) ........................................................................................................................... 19
Melamine .................................................................................................................................................... 19
Grondfolies .................................................................................................................................................. 19
Alternatieven voor hardhout ............................................................................................................................ 19
Bamboe ....................................................................................................................................................... 19
Thermowood ............................................................................................................................................... 19
Houtcomposiet ............................................................................................................................................ 20
Forest Stewardship Council-hout (FSC)-hout .................................................................................................... 20
1
, Aantasting van hout ......................................................................................................................................... 20
Verwering .................................................................................................................................................... 20
Bescherming ................................................................................................................................................ 21
Raambekleding ............................................................................................................................................ 21
Gordijnen en jaloezieën .................................................................................................................................... 21
Buitenzonwering .............................................................................................................................................. 23
Luiken .......................................................................................................................................................... 23
Rolluiken ...................................................................................................................................................... 23
Screens ........................................................................................................................................................ 25
Terrasschermen, zonnetenten, markiezen, schermen met uitvalsarmen................................................... 25
Binnendeuren .............................................................................................................................................. 26
Deurkozijn/ dagstukken/ deurraam ................................................................................................................. 26
Omlijsting ......................................................................................................................................................... 26
Deurblad........................................................................................................................................................... 26
Paneeldeur .................................................................................................................................................. 26
Opgeklampte deur ...................................................................................................................................... 27
Massieve deur ............................................................................................................................................. 27
Vlakke of samengestelde deur .................................................................................................................... 27
2 soorten binnendeuren ................................................................................................................................... 27
Stompe binnendeur .................................................................................................................................... 27
Opdek binnendeur ...................................................................................................................................... 27
Beslag ............................................................................................................................................................... 27
Plaatsing .......................................................................................................................................................... 27
Kenmerken ....................................................................................................................................................... 27
Trappen ....................................................................................................................................................... 28
Onderdelen van een trap.................................................................................................................................. 28
Optrede en aantrede ........................................................................................................................................ 29
Soorten ............................................................................................................................................................. 29
Opbouw ............................................................................................................................................................ 30
Natuursteen ................................................................................................................................................ 30
Beton ........................................................................................................................................................... 30
Metaal ......................................................................................................................................................... 30
Hout............................................................................................................................................................. 30
Problemen bij houten trappen .................................................................................................................... 31
Vloerafwerking ............................................................................................................................................ 31
Tegels ............................................................................................................................................................... 31
Keramische tegels ....................................................................................................................................... 31
Natuursteen ................................................................................................................................................ 33
Mozaïek ....................................................................................................................................................... 34
Cementtegels .............................................................................................................................................. 34
Granitotegels ............................................................................................................................................... 34
Plaatsing van tegels ..................................................................................................................................... 34
Schade aan tegelvloeren ............................................................................................................................. 35
Kurk .................................................................................................................................................................. 35
Fabricatie ..................................................................................................................................................... 35
Plaatsing ...................................................................................................................................................... 36
2
, Behandeling................................................................................................................................................. 36
Onderhoud .................................................................................................................................................. 36
Parket ............................................................................................................................................................... 36
Behandeling................................................................................................................................................. 37
Houtsoorten ................................................................................................................................................ 37
Patroon ........................................................................................................................................................ 37
(op)schuren van parket ............................................................................................................................... 37
Problemen bij parket ................................................................................................................................... 37
Vloerlaminaat .................................................................................................................................................. 38
Tapijt ................................................................................................................................................................ 38
Tapijtrug ...................................................................................................................................................... 38
Plaatsing ...................................................................................................................................................... 38
Soepele vloerbekleding .................................................................................................................................... 39
Vinyl............................................................................................................................................................. 39
Linoleum ...................................................................................................................................................... 39
Rubber ......................................................................................................................................................... 40
Problemen bij soepele vloerbekleding ........................................................................................................ 40
Gietvloeren ....................................................................................................................................................... 40
Coating ........................................................................................................................................................ 40
Steentapijt ................................................................................................................................................... 40
Epoxyvloeren ............................................................................................................................................... 41
Polyurethaanvloeren ................................................................................................................................... 41
Troffelvloeren .............................................................................................................................................. 41
Cementgebonden gietvloer......................................................................................................................... 42
Gepolierd beton .......................................................................................................................................... 42
Marmer- en granietvloer ............................................................................................................................. 42
Kalkvloer ...................................................................................................................................................... 42
Verhoogde vloeren ........................................................................................................................................... 42
Panelen........................................................................................................................................................ 43
Bekleding ..................................................................................................................................................... 43
Plaatsingsvoorschriften ............................................................................................................................... 43
Onderhoud .................................................................................................................................................. 43
Wandafwerking............................................................................................................................................ 44
Bepleistering .................................................................................................................................................... 44
Gipskartonplaten ............................................................................................................................................. 45
Kleven .......................................................................................................................................................... 45
Onderstructuur............................................................................................................................................ 45
Bevestigingen .............................................................................................................................................. 45
Gipsvezelplaten ................................................................................................................................................ 46
Andere ‘voorzetwanden’ .................................................................................................................................. 46
Lambrisering .................................................................................................................................................... 46
Behang ............................................................................................................................................................. 46
Klassiek behangpapier ................................................................................................................................. 46
Glasvezelbehang.......................................................................................................................................... 46
Vinylbehang ................................................................................................................................................. 46
Vliesbehang (non-woven) ........................................................................................................................... 47
Verf en lijm ....................................................................................................................................................... 47
Verf .............................................................................................................................................................. 47
Lijm .............................................................................................................................................................. 48
3
, Witkalk ............................................................................................................................................................. 50
Niet dragende wanden ................................................................................................................................. 50
Plafondafwerking ........................................................................................................................................ 50
Vals plafond, gekleefd ...................................................................................................................................... 51
Vals plafond, verlaagd ..................................................................................................................................... 51
Regelwerk rechtstreeks tegen het plafond ................................................................................................. 51
Opgehangen regelwerk ............................................................................................................................... 51
Systeemplafond........................................................................................................................................... 51
Spanplafond (=vals verlaagd plafond) ......................................................................................................... 52
Roosterplafond ............................................................................................................................................ 52
Keukenafwerking ......................................................................................................................................... 52
Keukenkasten en laden .................................................................................................................................... 52
Hout............................................................................................................................................................. 52
Gelakte fronten ........................................................................................................................................... 52
Laminaat (meerdere lagen) of melamine (1 laag) ....................................................................................... 53
Foliefronten/ polymeercomposieten .......................................................................................................... 53
Hoogglanzende glasfronten in gekleurde lak .............................................................................................. 53
Werkbladen ...................................................................................................................................................... 53
Natuursteen ................................................................................................................................................ 53
Granulaatsteen ............................................................................................................................................ 54
Volkunststof ................................................................................................................................................ 54
Hout............................................................................................................................................................. 54
Roestvrij staal .............................................................................................................................................. 54
Beton ........................................................................................................................................................... 54
Gehard glas.................................................................................................................................................. 55
Laminaat ...................................................................................................................................................... 55
Spoelbakken ..................................................................................................................................................... 55
Inox .............................................................................................................................................................. 55
Keramiek ..................................................................................................................................................... 55
Kunststof ..................................................................................................................................................... 55
Geëmailleerde staalplaat ............................................................................................................................ 55
Acryl............................................................................................................................................................. 55
Verschillende vormen ................................................................................................................................. 56
Kookplaten ....................................................................................................................................................... 56
Kookplaten op gas ....................................................................................................................................... 56
Kookplaten op elektriciteit .......................................................................................................................... 56
Afzuigkap/dampkap ......................................................................................................................................... 57
4
Inhoudsopgave
Hout ............................................................................................................................................................... 5
Inleiding.............................................................................................................................................................. 5
Dwarsdoorsnede van hout ............................................................................................................................ 5
Bijzondere vormingen ................................................................................................................................... 5
Verkerning ..................................................................................................................................................... 5
Eigenschappen van hout .................................................................................................................................... 6
Vochtgehalte ................................................................................................................................................. 6
Vormstabiliteit............................................................................................................................................... 6
Volume gewicht (VG) .................................................................................................................................... 7
Mechanische eigenschappen ........................................................................................................................ 7
Warmte en brandgevaar ............................................................................................................................... 8
Duurzaamheid ............................................................................................................................................... 8
Gebreken van hout ............................................................................................................................................. 9
Excentrisch hart en reactiehout .................................................................................................................... 9
Harsgallen...................................................................................................................................................... 9
Draaigroei en warrigheid ............................................................................................................................... 9
Kwasten ....................................................................................................................................................... 10
Kromstammigheid ....................................................................................................................................... 10
Ringscheuren ............................................................................................................................................... 10
Hart- of kernscheuren ................................................................................................................................. 10
Droogtescheur ............................................................................................................................................. 10
Bewerken van hout .......................................................................................................................................... 10
Doorsnede van het hout ............................................................................................................................. 10
Vellen van bomen........................................................................................................................................ 11
Zagen ........................................................................................................................................................... 11
Sorteren en stapelen ................................................................................................................................... 11
Drogen ......................................................................................................................................................... 11
Logen of wateren van hout ......................................................................................................................... 12
Plaatmateriaal/composieten op basis van hout .............................................................................................. 12
Fineer .......................................................................................................................................................... 12
Triplex en multiplex ..................................................................................................................................... 13
Meubelplaat ................................................................................................................................................ 14
Vezelplaat of board ..................................................................................................................................... 15
Spaanplaat ................................................................................................................................................... 16
Oriented strand board (OSB) ....................................................................................................................... 18
Houtwolcementplaten ................................................................................................................................ 18
Afwerkingslagen .............................................................................................................................................. 19
Hogedruklaminaten (HPL) ........................................................................................................................... 19
Melamine .................................................................................................................................................... 19
Grondfolies .................................................................................................................................................. 19
Alternatieven voor hardhout ............................................................................................................................ 19
Bamboe ....................................................................................................................................................... 19
Thermowood ............................................................................................................................................... 19
Houtcomposiet ............................................................................................................................................ 20
Forest Stewardship Council-hout (FSC)-hout .................................................................................................... 20
1
, Aantasting van hout ......................................................................................................................................... 20
Verwering .................................................................................................................................................... 20
Bescherming ................................................................................................................................................ 21
Raambekleding ............................................................................................................................................ 21
Gordijnen en jaloezieën .................................................................................................................................... 21
Buitenzonwering .............................................................................................................................................. 23
Luiken .......................................................................................................................................................... 23
Rolluiken ...................................................................................................................................................... 23
Screens ........................................................................................................................................................ 25
Terrasschermen, zonnetenten, markiezen, schermen met uitvalsarmen................................................... 25
Binnendeuren .............................................................................................................................................. 26
Deurkozijn/ dagstukken/ deurraam ................................................................................................................. 26
Omlijsting ......................................................................................................................................................... 26
Deurblad........................................................................................................................................................... 26
Paneeldeur .................................................................................................................................................. 26
Opgeklampte deur ...................................................................................................................................... 27
Massieve deur ............................................................................................................................................. 27
Vlakke of samengestelde deur .................................................................................................................... 27
2 soorten binnendeuren ................................................................................................................................... 27
Stompe binnendeur .................................................................................................................................... 27
Opdek binnendeur ...................................................................................................................................... 27
Beslag ............................................................................................................................................................... 27
Plaatsing .......................................................................................................................................................... 27
Kenmerken ....................................................................................................................................................... 27
Trappen ....................................................................................................................................................... 28
Onderdelen van een trap.................................................................................................................................. 28
Optrede en aantrede ........................................................................................................................................ 29
Soorten ............................................................................................................................................................. 29
Opbouw ............................................................................................................................................................ 30
Natuursteen ................................................................................................................................................ 30
Beton ........................................................................................................................................................... 30
Metaal ......................................................................................................................................................... 30
Hout............................................................................................................................................................. 30
Problemen bij houten trappen .................................................................................................................... 31
Vloerafwerking ............................................................................................................................................ 31
Tegels ............................................................................................................................................................... 31
Keramische tegels ....................................................................................................................................... 31
Natuursteen ................................................................................................................................................ 33
Mozaïek ....................................................................................................................................................... 34
Cementtegels .............................................................................................................................................. 34
Granitotegels ............................................................................................................................................... 34
Plaatsing van tegels ..................................................................................................................................... 34
Schade aan tegelvloeren ............................................................................................................................. 35
Kurk .................................................................................................................................................................. 35
Fabricatie ..................................................................................................................................................... 35
Plaatsing ...................................................................................................................................................... 36
2
, Behandeling................................................................................................................................................. 36
Onderhoud .................................................................................................................................................. 36
Parket ............................................................................................................................................................... 36
Behandeling................................................................................................................................................. 37
Houtsoorten ................................................................................................................................................ 37
Patroon ........................................................................................................................................................ 37
(op)schuren van parket ............................................................................................................................... 37
Problemen bij parket ................................................................................................................................... 37
Vloerlaminaat .................................................................................................................................................. 38
Tapijt ................................................................................................................................................................ 38
Tapijtrug ...................................................................................................................................................... 38
Plaatsing ...................................................................................................................................................... 38
Soepele vloerbekleding .................................................................................................................................... 39
Vinyl............................................................................................................................................................. 39
Linoleum ...................................................................................................................................................... 39
Rubber ......................................................................................................................................................... 40
Problemen bij soepele vloerbekleding ........................................................................................................ 40
Gietvloeren ....................................................................................................................................................... 40
Coating ........................................................................................................................................................ 40
Steentapijt ................................................................................................................................................... 40
Epoxyvloeren ............................................................................................................................................... 41
Polyurethaanvloeren ................................................................................................................................... 41
Troffelvloeren .............................................................................................................................................. 41
Cementgebonden gietvloer......................................................................................................................... 42
Gepolierd beton .......................................................................................................................................... 42
Marmer- en granietvloer ............................................................................................................................. 42
Kalkvloer ...................................................................................................................................................... 42
Verhoogde vloeren ........................................................................................................................................... 42
Panelen........................................................................................................................................................ 43
Bekleding ..................................................................................................................................................... 43
Plaatsingsvoorschriften ............................................................................................................................... 43
Onderhoud .................................................................................................................................................. 43
Wandafwerking............................................................................................................................................ 44
Bepleistering .................................................................................................................................................... 44
Gipskartonplaten ............................................................................................................................................. 45
Kleven .......................................................................................................................................................... 45
Onderstructuur............................................................................................................................................ 45
Bevestigingen .............................................................................................................................................. 45
Gipsvezelplaten ................................................................................................................................................ 46
Andere ‘voorzetwanden’ .................................................................................................................................. 46
Lambrisering .................................................................................................................................................... 46
Behang ............................................................................................................................................................. 46
Klassiek behangpapier ................................................................................................................................. 46
Glasvezelbehang.......................................................................................................................................... 46
Vinylbehang ................................................................................................................................................. 46
Vliesbehang (non-woven) ........................................................................................................................... 47
Verf en lijm ....................................................................................................................................................... 47
Verf .............................................................................................................................................................. 47
Lijm .............................................................................................................................................................. 48
3
, Witkalk ............................................................................................................................................................. 50
Niet dragende wanden ................................................................................................................................. 50
Plafondafwerking ........................................................................................................................................ 50
Vals plafond, gekleefd ...................................................................................................................................... 51
Vals plafond, verlaagd ..................................................................................................................................... 51
Regelwerk rechtstreeks tegen het plafond ................................................................................................. 51
Opgehangen regelwerk ............................................................................................................................... 51
Systeemplafond........................................................................................................................................... 51
Spanplafond (=vals verlaagd plafond) ......................................................................................................... 52
Roosterplafond ............................................................................................................................................ 52
Keukenafwerking ......................................................................................................................................... 52
Keukenkasten en laden .................................................................................................................................... 52
Hout............................................................................................................................................................. 52
Gelakte fronten ........................................................................................................................................... 52
Laminaat (meerdere lagen) of melamine (1 laag) ....................................................................................... 53
Foliefronten/ polymeercomposieten .......................................................................................................... 53
Hoogglanzende glasfronten in gekleurde lak .............................................................................................. 53
Werkbladen ...................................................................................................................................................... 53
Natuursteen ................................................................................................................................................ 53
Granulaatsteen ............................................................................................................................................ 54
Volkunststof ................................................................................................................................................ 54
Hout............................................................................................................................................................. 54
Roestvrij staal .............................................................................................................................................. 54
Beton ........................................................................................................................................................... 54
Gehard glas.................................................................................................................................................. 55
Laminaat ...................................................................................................................................................... 55
Spoelbakken ..................................................................................................................................................... 55
Inox .............................................................................................................................................................. 55
Keramiek ..................................................................................................................................................... 55
Kunststof ..................................................................................................................................................... 55
Geëmailleerde staalplaat ............................................................................................................................ 55
Acryl............................................................................................................................................................. 55
Verschillende vormen ................................................................................................................................. 56
Kookplaten ....................................................................................................................................................... 56
Kookplaten op gas ....................................................................................................................................... 56
Kookplaten op elektriciteit .......................................................................................................................... 56
Afzuigkap/dampkap ......................................................................................................................................... 57
4
