Crowd Management Final Exam Answered Correctly!!!

Crowd Management FINAL EXAM
ANSWERED CORRECTLY!!!
Crowd Control CORRECT ANSWERS A public security practice where large crowds are
managed to prevent the outbreak of crown crush, affray, fights involving drunk and
disorderly people or riots

Crowd Management CORRECT ANSWERS - The systematic planning for, and the
supervision of the orderly movement and assembly of people
- The assessment of the people handling capabilities of a space prior to its use
- Includes: occupancy, means of ingress/ egress, processing procedures, expected
types of activities, group behavior

Crowd Surges CORRECT ANSWERS - A "surge" is a sudden and powerful movement
like one would witness with waves of the ocean tide
- Unrelenting pressure from all side- a crushing "drowning" in a sea of people
- Occur in places where too many people are crowded in one place (entrance/exit,
standing in a room)

2 Components CORRECT ANSWERS 1. Dense Crowd- lots of people in one place;
force magnifies at the epicenter or on the edges
2. Catalyst- something that causes crowd to shift or move [sudden rain, more people,
fights]
Most deaths caused by asphyxiations, not trampling (people squeezed so hard they
can't breathe)
- Pushing from the back to front; from the front to back; & potentially from the top if one
falls
- Often caused by failure to create a safe environment (not always a stampede)

Crowd Stampede CORRECT ANSWERS - Occurs when a crowd of people move in the
same direction at the same time- some may collide or pile up against or on top of each
other
- Impulsive, caused by catalysts

Crowd Density CORRECT ANSWERS Person per Sq Meter or 10 sq ft
2 - Safe Density at which we typically use when planning crowded spaces. The crowd
has good free following movement [GREEN]
3 - Movement starts being constricted [YELLOW]
4-5 - Critical density during which crowd surges are likely to occur [RED]
6-7 - Movement is very limited to a dangerous level [RED]
[10] 8+ - Movement is almost impossible due to pressure on each person [RED]

Event Phases CORRECT ANSWERS A- arrival
L- Last mile

, I- Ingress
C- Circulation
E- Egress
D- Dispersal

Arrival CORRECT ANSWERS - Local Area
-Transportation hub
- Parking Facilities

Last Mile CORRECT ANSWERS - Between arrival and facility
- Line queuing close to venue

Ingress CORRECT ANSWERS - Entering the venue/ event

Circulation CORRECT ANSWERS - Movement in event/venue
- Crowd dynamics such as collapses or sure at stage

Egress CORRECT ANSWERS - Crowd leaving venue/event

Dispersal CORRECT ANSWERS - Crowd leaving area around event/ venue
- Back to parking lot to transportation hub

Crowd Science Principles CORRECT ANSWERS - People don't go 'mad' in crowd- they
retain the ability to think for themselves
- Human behavior is influenced by 'cues' in the social and physical environment
- Security interactions with crowd can suppress or encourage violence

Crowd Psychology CORRECT ANSWERS Contagion Theory- people lose their
individual identity and their capacity for reason or judgment (can get the leader to get
the crowd to do whatever they want)
Deindividuation Theory- individual seld becomes occluded through anonymity in groups
resulting in uncontrolled behavior [Mob theory, lose yourself and follow the crowd]
Social Identity Theory- a shift from person identity to identity within a group- social
identification transforms the interpersonal relations between people leading to
coordinates collective actions (your own identity, but come into group identity)

Maslow Hierarchy of Human Need CORRECT ANSWERS Top to Bottom:
Self-actualization
Respect
Social
Safety
Physiological

Safety CORRECT ANSWERS You have to feel safe, secure, have to feel things are
okay and not going to be harmed