EXAM 2 PATHO UTA URBAN EXAM
WITH ALL NEEDED TO PASS
innate resistance - correct answer- protection from pathogens that does not rely on
previous exposure to the pathogen. Defenses we are born with.
First line of defense - correct answer- intact skin, mucous membranes and their
secretions, normal microbiota
second line of defense - correct answer- protective cells and fluids; inflammation and
phagocytosis - nonspecific. Immediate. Calls in 3rd line
third line of defense - correct answer- Immunocyte Response. Acquired defense
Antigen - correct answer- a toxin or other foreign substance that induces an immune
response in the body, especially the production of antibodies.
antibody - correct answer- An antigen-binding immunoglobulin, produced by B cells,
that functions as the effector in an immune response.
passive acquired immunity - correct answer- Transfer of antibodies (IgG) from the
mother to the fetus in utero. Immediate, Powerful. Disease Specific. Short lived,
temporary
,mast cells - correct answer- Cells that release chemicals (such as histamine) that
promote inflammation.
Macrophages - correct answer- Found within the lymph nodes, they are phagocytes
that destroy bacteria, cancer cells, and other foreign matter in the lymphatic stream.
Neutrophils - correct answer- Most abundant white blood cell., The most abundant type
of white blood cell. Phagocytic and tend to self-destruct as they destroy foreign
invaders, limiting their life span to a few days.
Lymphocytes - correct answer- The two types of white blood cells that are part of the
body's immune system: B lymphocytes form in the bone marrow and release antibodies
that fight bacterial infections; T lymphocytes form in the thymus and other lymphatic
tissue and attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign substances. Leak Inflammatory
Mediators
T and B cells - correct answer- two types of lymphocytes
Degranulation - correct answer- the emptying of granules from the interior of a mast cell
into the extracellular environment.
granulating tissue - correct answer- pink, healthy, healing tissue
Granuloma - correct answer- a general term used to describe a small, knot-like swelling
of granulation tissue in the epidermis
inflammatory response - correct answer- Vasodilation, phagocytosis, and increase in
body temperature
Exudates - correct answer- fluid, cells, and other substances (pus) that filter from cells
or capillaries ooze into lesions or areas of inflammation
SIRS - correct answer- systematic inflammatory response syndrome. Normal
inflammation goes into overdrive.
Hand symptoms
Fever over 100.4
HR above 100
RR above 20
High WBC
Unexplained Mental Changes
Sepsis - correct answer- SIRS + infection
Septic Shock - correct answer- sepsis + uncontrollable decreased blood pressure
, Prostaglandins - correct answer- Intensify histamine and kinin effect. Cell membrane,
created via arachidonic pathway
protective prostaglandins - correct answer- PGs with protective characteristics
Pro-inflammatory Prostaglandins - correct answer- stimulate further inflammation by
increasing vascular permeability
Induce fever & Pain
Steroids & NSAIDS with Inflammation - correct answer- Suppressing the protective
PGs and pro inflammatory PGs
allergic hypersensitivity - correct answer- Over response of the body to a specific
substance. Environmental allergen
IgE - correct answer- Mast cell become sensitized to allergen antigen. Systemic or local
Local-Hives, Rash, Redness
Systemic- Itching, Urticaria, Angioedema
autoimmune hypersensitivity - correct answer- Loss of the Immune System to
Recognize Self. Self-Antigen Attack
MS - correct answer- T-Cells attack Myelin Sheath. Tissue Specific
myasthenia gravis - correct answer- autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized
by weakness of voluntary muscles. Attack on acetylcholine receptors. Tissue Specific
celiac disease - correct answer- disease caused by sensitivity to gluten. Tissue Specific
Tissue Specific Autoimmune - correct answer- Good Pasture Dzs- lungs and kidneys
Graves Dzs Hyperthyroidism
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
systemic autoimmune diseases - correct answer- SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus)
rheumatoid arthritis
progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)
Lupis (SLE) - correct answer- Autoantibody + Nucleic Acid Immune Complex
Infiltrates tiny blood vessels
glomerulonephritis
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - correct answer- chronic joint condition with inflammation and
pain; caused by an autoimmune reaction against joint tissue, particularly the synovial
membrane.
Autoantibody + Collagen immune complex
WITH ALL NEEDED TO PASS
innate resistance - correct answer- protection from pathogens that does not rely on
previous exposure to the pathogen. Defenses we are born with.
First line of defense - correct answer- intact skin, mucous membranes and their
secretions, normal microbiota
second line of defense - correct answer- protective cells and fluids; inflammation and
phagocytosis - nonspecific. Immediate. Calls in 3rd line
third line of defense - correct answer- Immunocyte Response. Acquired defense
Antigen - correct answer- a toxin or other foreign substance that induces an immune
response in the body, especially the production of antibodies.
antibody - correct answer- An antigen-binding immunoglobulin, produced by B cells,
that functions as the effector in an immune response.
passive acquired immunity - correct answer- Transfer of antibodies (IgG) from the
mother to the fetus in utero. Immediate, Powerful. Disease Specific. Short lived,
temporary
,mast cells - correct answer- Cells that release chemicals (such as histamine) that
promote inflammation.
Macrophages - correct answer- Found within the lymph nodes, they are phagocytes
that destroy bacteria, cancer cells, and other foreign matter in the lymphatic stream.
Neutrophils - correct answer- Most abundant white blood cell., The most abundant type
of white blood cell. Phagocytic and tend to self-destruct as they destroy foreign
invaders, limiting their life span to a few days.
Lymphocytes - correct answer- The two types of white blood cells that are part of the
body's immune system: B lymphocytes form in the bone marrow and release antibodies
that fight bacterial infections; T lymphocytes form in the thymus and other lymphatic
tissue and attack cancer cells, viruses, and foreign substances. Leak Inflammatory
Mediators
T and B cells - correct answer- two types of lymphocytes
Degranulation - correct answer- the emptying of granules from the interior of a mast cell
into the extracellular environment.
granulating tissue - correct answer- pink, healthy, healing tissue
Granuloma - correct answer- a general term used to describe a small, knot-like swelling
of granulation tissue in the epidermis
inflammatory response - correct answer- Vasodilation, phagocytosis, and increase in
body temperature
Exudates - correct answer- fluid, cells, and other substances (pus) that filter from cells
or capillaries ooze into lesions or areas of inflammation
SIRS - correct answer- systematic inflammatory response syndrome. Normal
inflammation goes into overdrive.
Hand symptoms
Fever over 100.4
HR above 100
RR above 20
High WBC
Unexplained Mental Changes
Sepsis - correct answer- SIRS + infection
Septic Shock - correct answer- sepsis + uncontrollable decreased blood pressure
, Prostaglandins - correct answer- Intensify histamine and kinin effect. Cell membrane,
created via arachidonic pathway
protective prostaglandins - correct answer- PGs with protective characteristics
Pro-inflammatory Prostaglandins - correct answer- stimulate further inflammation by
increasing vascular permeability
Induce fever & Pain
Steroids & NSAIDS with Inflammation - correct answer- Suppressing the protective
PGs and pro inflammatory PGs
allergic hypersensitivity - correct answer- Over response of the body to a specific
substance. Environmental allergen
IgE - correct answer- Mast cell become sensitized to allergen antigen. Systemic or local
Local-Hives, Rash, Redness
Systemic- Itching, Urticaria, Angioedema
autoimmune hypersensitivity - correct answer- Loss of the Immune System to
Recognize Self. Self-Antigen Attack
MS - correct answer- T-Cells attack Myelin Sheath. Tissue Specific
myasthenia gravis - correct answer- autoimmune neuromuscular disorder characterized
by weakness of voluntary muscles. Attack on acetylcholine receptors. Tissue Specific
celiac disease - correct answer- disease caused by sensitivity to gluten. Tissue Specific
Tissue Specific Autoimmune - correct answer- Good Pasture Dzs- lungs and kidneys
Graves Dzs Hyperthyroidism
Autoimmune hemolytic anemia
systemic autoimmune diseases - correct answer- SLE (systemic lupus erythematosus)
rheumatoid arthritis
progressive systemic sclerosis (scleroderma)
Lupis (SLE) - correct answer- Autoantibody + Nucleic Acid Immune Complex
Infiltrates tiny blood vessels
glomerulonephritis
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) - correct answer- chronic joint condition with inflammation and
pain; caused by an autoimmune reaction against joint tissue, particularly the synovial
membrane.
Autoantibody + Collagen immune complex
