UTA Patho Final Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers

UTA Patho Final Exam Questions With 100% Correct Answers .3 single gene disorders - ANSWER-autosomal recessive, autosomal dominant, sex-linked .acute gastritis - ANSWER-results from overuse of NSAIDS (suppress protective prostaglandins) or ETOH (alcohol) heals once offending agent is removed .Acute Pancreatitis - ANSWER-escape of pancreatic enzyme into pancreas and surrounding causing AUTODIGESTION .Afib sequela - ANSWER-Small but significant decrease in CO (when atria cant properly contract CO diminishes) Pooling of blood in atria( blood gets sludgy becomes thrombi maybe emboli) .Alternative name for Down syndrome - ANSWER-Trisomy 21 .Aneurysm S/S - ANSWER-if leaks or ruptures in brain weakness on one side of the body change in level of consciousness headache .Aneurysms - ANSWER-dilated or out-pouching of arterial vessel wall from weakened arterial walls injury to the intima allowing blood to seep into arterial muscles and tissues .Angina - ANSWER-intensity varies according to how much ischemia, pain is exacerbated by exersice .Angina patho - ANSWER-buildup of lactic acid& stretching of ischemic myocardium irriate nerve fibers--afferent sensory nerves transmit pain impulses to area of spinal cord--- radiation of pain to left arm, jaw, back .Arterial insufficiency - ANSWER-Plaque build up,hardening of walls etiology: genetics, lack of exercise, diet, alcoholism, smoking .Arteriosclerosis - ANSWER-chronic disease of arterial system .Arteriosclerosis etiology - ANSWER-HTN, smoking,diabetes, infectin, high cholesteral, microscopic damage, .Ascites - ANSWER-increased back pressure into portal veins-increased hydrostatic pressure- fluid into abdominal cavity .Asterixis - ANSWER-liver flap-- flapping tremor of hands as result of cirrhosis .Atherosclerosis - ANSWER-fat deposits in wall causing inflammation and coagulatory response .Atrial fibrilation - ANSWER-Atria quiver due to heart disease occurs during slightly ischemic .Barrett's esophagus - ANSWER-Tissue in esophagus becomes dysplastic (precancerous) due to GERD .Beriberi disease - ANSWER-Lack of thiamine (B1)causing problems with Memory and parasthesia etiology: alcoholism, poor diet S/S SOB, swollen legs, pain .Carcinoma - ANSWER-malignant epithelium (Skin cancer) .causes of bowl obstruction - ANSWER-adhesions (scaring) hernia tumor intussusception ( telescope portion of bowel cutting blood) volvulus (tortion) paralytic ileus (loss of motion) .Causes of PUD - ANSWER-ASA(aspirin) NSAID ALl DECREASE PROSTAGLANDINS Chronic steroids Heavy alcohol use chronic disease such as liver,CKD,diabetes Psychological stress H.Pylori .Cholecystitis - ANSWER-inflammation of gall bladder caused by stones from cholesterol increase dehydration S/S pain in RUQ biliary colic (spasms of GB and bile ducts) worse after high fat meal nausea/vomiting posthepatic jaundice risk factors female, fat, forty, fertile, fair starvation obesity Labs: high direct bili leukocytosis .Chronic gastritis (atrophic gastritis) - ANSWER-Autoimmune etiology occurs in elderly DEVELOP pernicious anemia .Chronic venous insufficiency (CVI) - ANSWER-ploppy veins and valves, poor venous return, S/S edema, brown skin, breaks in skin that cant heal bc can't get though edema .Cirrhosis - ANSWER-end stage irreversible liver disease MAinly from alcohol abuse toxic reaction to drugs viral hepatitis primary bili cirrhosis .cirrhosis patho - ANSWER-Diminished hepatocyte function leading to