Complete Test Bank Medical Microbiology 8th Edition Murray Questions & Answers with rationales (Chapter 1-75)

,Target nucleic acid amplification (PCR) methods are based on which of the following?
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a. The ability of two nucleic acid strands that have complementary base sequences to
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specifically bond with each other and form a double-stranded molecule
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b. Detecting phenotypic traits not detectable by conventional strategiesmi mi mi mi mi mi mi




c. The principles of complementary nucleic-acid hybridization and those of nucleic-acid
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replication that are applied repeatedly through numerous cycles
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d. Determining the exact nucleotide sequence of a gene or gene fragment obtained mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




from an organism - The principles of complementary nucleic-acid hybridization and
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those of nucleic-acid replication that are applied repeatedly through numerous cycles
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A reduction in production of HIV due to therapy can be evaluated by which of the
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following methods?
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a. ELISA assay for antibody of patient serum mi mi mi mi mi mi




b. Western blot for antibody of patient serum mi mi mi mi mi mi




c. PCR analysis of patient serum mi mi mi mi




d. Real-time PCR of patient serum mi mi mi mi




e. Immunofluorescence of peripheral blood T cells - d. Real-time PCR of patient serum mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




A 27-year-old man has focal neurologic symptoms, and MRI indicates inflammation in the
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temporal lobe. Which test would be most effective to confirm the diagnosis?
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a. ELISA assay for antibocy of patient serum mi mi mi mi mi mi




b. Western blot for antibody of patient serum mi mi mi mi mi mi




c. PCR analysis of patient serum mi mi mi mi




d. Real-time PCR of patient serum mi mi mi mi




e. Immunofluorescence of peripheral blood T cells - c. PCR analysis of patient serum mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi mi




A 22-year-old spelunker has flulike illness with chest pain. Radiographs of the lungs
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indicate patchy infiltrates. Which of the following serologic findings would confirm a
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diagnosis of histoplasmosis?
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a. Ouchterlony demonstration of partial identity with Blastomyces mi mi mi mi mi mi




b. A twofold increase in complement fixation titer
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c. Inhibition of hemagglutination mi mi




d. Real-time PCR mi




e. Southern blot analysis of serum - Ouchterlony demonstration of partial identity with
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Blastomyces
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A 33-year-old man is suspected of being infected with H3N2 influenza. Comparison of
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serum taken during disease is compared to serum taken 2 months after recovery.
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Which of the following sets of antibody titers would confirm infection with the H3N2 strain?
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,Acute Titer ConvescentTiter
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a. 8 16 mi




b. 8 64 mi




c. 4 8 mi




d. 16 8 mi




e. 64 16 - b. 8 64
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Serology is used to follow the course of which of the following diseases?
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a. Influenza
b. Herpes simplex virus mi mi




c. Epstein Barr virus mi mi




d. Yellow fever virus mi mi




e. Measles - Influenza mi mi




Serum levels of which antibody is indicative of recent infection?
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a. IgA
b. IgD
c. IgE
d. IgG
e. IgM - IgA mi mi




What is the first antibody produced when an invading microorganism is initially
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encountered?
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a. IgA
b. IgD
c. IgE
d. IgG
e. IgM - IgM mi mi




A 5-day-old baby is brought back to the hospital with signs of sepsis, is not thriving, and
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has vesicular lesions on his scalp at the site of monitor attachment. Why is a baby
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susceptible to a more serious outcome with this infection than an older child or adult?
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a. Immunosuppression from the mother mi mi mi




b.Infection of a site closest to the brain
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c. Lack of IgA production mi mi mi




d. Low levels of interferon-γ production
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e. More rapidly growing cells - Low levels of interferon-γ production
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Endotoxin initiates septic responses by binding to: mi mi mi mi mi mi




a. NF-κB
b. Complement receptor 3d mi mi

, c. Toll-like receptor 4 mi mi




d.C-reactive protein
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e.ICAM 1 - Toll-like receptor 4
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Endotoxin induces production of which cytokines by macrophages?
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a. IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6
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b. IL-2, IL-4, IL-6
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c. IL-4, IL-5, IL-10
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d. IL-2, IFN-γ, TNF-β
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e. TGF-β, IL-10, IL-17 - IL-1, TNF-α, IL-6
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Which of the following cytokines is required to initiate a protective helper T cell immune
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response to measles virus?
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a. IL-1
b. IL-4
c. IL-8
d. IL-10
e. IL-12 - IL-12 mi mi




Treatment with which cytokine makes the macrophage more efficient at killing bacteria?
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a. Interferon alpha mi




b. Interferon gamma mi




c. TGF-β
d. GM-CSF
e. IL-2 - Interferon gamma
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M. tuberculosis becomes reactivated in an AIDS patient because:
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a. CD8 T cells cannot kill the bacteria.
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b. Neutrophils do not become activated. mi mi mi mi




c. Macrophages do not get an activation signal. mi mi mi mi mi mi




d. B cells stop making protective antibody.
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e. CD4 T cells stop making TGF-β. - Macrophages do not get an activation signal.
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Identify which deficiency would most compromise a protective immune response to E. coli
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sepsis.
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a. IgG
b. IgE
c. CD8 T cells mi mi




d. Mast cells - IgG mi mi mi