Final Review for NC Biology EOC Questions
with Complete Solutions
Cytokinesis the division at the end of the cell cycle in which 2 separate cells are created
Cell Cycle G1, S phase, G2, Mitosis, Cytokinesis
Phases of Mitosis Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (PMAT)
Differentiation Process where cells develop to specific function and structure; i.e. blood
cell, nerve cell, muscle cell
Organic Compounds contain carbon, C, and make up all living things
Proteins made of AMINO ACIDS and are used to build tissue, repair cells, & control
metabolism
Carbohydrates made of monosaccharides and are used to provide ENERGY for organisms
,Lipids made of glycerol & fatty acids and are used for insulation and energy storage
Enzymes PROTEINS that increase the rate of a reaction (catalysts) by lowering the energy
of activation
Enzymes reusable molecules but can become unusable if the shape is changed -
denatured by temperature of pH
Nucleic Acids made of nucleotides and are used for the production of proteins and carry
genetic information
Diffusion passive transport where particles move with the concentration gradient & does
not require energy
Osmosis diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
, Facilitated Diffusion a form of passive transport which requires the use of a transport
protein
Active Transport particles movingAGAINST the concentration gradient; REQUIRES ENERGY
to move from low to high concentrations
Exocytosis form of active transport that single celled organisms use to rid the cell of
toxins, water, waste
Endocytosis form of active transport that single celled organisms use to move food &
water into the cell
Anaerobic Respiration cellular respiration that does not use oxygen; only creates 4 ATP
Aerobic Respiration cellular respiration that requires oxygen for high energy output (36
ATP)
Respiration glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water + ATP
with Complete Solutions
Cytokinesis the division at the end of the cell cycle in which 2 separate cells are created
Cell Cycle G1, S phase, G2, Mitosis, Cytokinesis
Phases of Mitosis Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, Telophase (PMAT)
Differentiation Process where cells develop to specific function and structure; i.e. blood
cell, nerve cell, muscle cell
Organic Compounds contain carbon, C, and make up all living things
Proteins made of AMINO ACIDS and are used to build tissue, repair cells, & control
metabolism
Carbohydrates made of monosaccharides and are used to provide ENERGY for organisms
,Lipids made of glycerol & fatty acids and are used for insulation and energy storage
Enzymes PROTEINS that increase the rate of a reaction (catalysts) by lowering the energy
of activation
Enzymes reusable molecules but can become unusable if the shape is changed -
denatured by temperature of pH
Nucleic Acids made of nucleotides and are used for the production of proteins and carry
genetic information
Diffusion passive transport where particles move with the concentration gradient & does
not require energy
Osmosis diffusion of water across a selectively permeable membrane
, Facilitated Diffusion a form of passive transport which requires the use of a transport
protein
Active Transport particles movingAGAINST the concentration gradient; REQUIRES ENERGY
to move from low to high concentrations
Exocytosis form of active transport that single celled organisms use to rid the cell of
toxins, water, waste
Endocytosis form of active transport that single celled organisms use to move food &
water into the cell
Anaerobic Respiration cellular respiration that does not use oxygen; only creates 4 ATP
Aerobic Respiration cellular respiration that requires oxygen for high energy output (36
ATP)
Respiration glucose + oxygen --> carbon dioxide + water + ATP
