EFDA study guide Exam Questions
and Answers 100% Pass
Undertrituration - ✔✔Products of a drier mix that lacks mercury cohesiveness to mass
when it is placed
High % of mercury - ✔✔Amalgam is easier to mix and sets slower
% of copper - ✔✔Low <5% high 13-30% copper to alloy
Copper reduction - ✔✔Increasing the copper in alloy reduces problems with creep and
gamma 2 phase
Creep - ✔✔Slow movement of material under compressive forces over a period of time
Corrosion resistance - ✔✔Copper adds strength and decrease expansion of amalgam
Tin - ✔✔A combination of mercury and alloy known for its workability
Silver - ✔✔Main component of amalgam and gives it its strength
Bevel - ✔✔Removes the outer layer of fluoride rich enamel rods
Modified type - ✔✔Does not extend into the Dentin, class V and III, use diamond bits
bevel at 45 degrees, small surface defects
Composite prep - ✔✔Minimum pulp irritation, conservative, mechanical bond between
resin, etched and enamel, marginal integrity, reduced microleakage
Sandwich Technique - ✔✔Restoration-Glass Ionomer-Tooth
© EMILY CHARLENE YEAR 2025-2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Resin Modified Glass Ionomer (RMGI) - ✔✔Acts like composite mixture of glass
ionomer organic acid, and resin. No adhesive needed holds better than GI, used on the
class I, II, III, V and baby teeth, pit and fissures, geriatric, root caries and core build ups.
Cannot be used on occlusal surfaces on adults
Compomers - ✔✔Have GI properties, more like composites than GI, requires adhesive,
used in class I, II, and V, pit and fissures, ortho band cements, and baby teeth
Nano fils - ✔✔Similar micro hybrids, cluster of .01-.002 microns, enamel like finishing
MicroHybrids - ✔✔40-60% inorganic particles, esthetics is superb, light opacities similar
to natural teeth
Hybrid resins - ✔✔70-80% particles, submicron particles, finish and polishes great,
good physical properties
Microfilled resins - ✔✔40-60% particles, polishable, improved rough surfaces, no large
particles, subsceptible to recurrent carries, less filler by weight, physical characteristics
inferior, subsceptible to shear fractures, increased coefficient thermal expansion,
radiolucent, and displays greater wear resistance to toothbrush abrasion
Air inhibited layer - ✔✔Air exposed tooth will not polymerize
Copal varnish - ✔✔Defeats the bonding process and cannot be used with composite,
used to close the tubelous. Placed after any material that will help the dentin. Ex.
Calcium hydroxide and ZOE. Use 2 applications
Exothermic - ✔✔When Zinc phosphate heats up
Large filler particles - ✔✔Are not polishable
Hybrid layer - ✔✔Strong bond between agent and composite
© EMILY CHARLENE YEAR 2025-2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
and Answers 100% Pass
Undertrituration - ✔✔Products of a drier mix that lacks mercury cohesiveness to mass
when it is placed
High % of mercury - ✔✔Amalgam is easier to mix and sets slower
% of copper - ✔✔Low <5% high 13-30% copper to alloy
Copper reduction - ✔✔Increasing the copper in alloy reduces problems with creep and
gamma 2 phase
Creep - ✔✔Slow movement of material under compressive forces over a period of time
Corrosion resistance - ✔✔Copper adds strength and decrease expansion of amalgam
Tin - ✔✔A combination of mercury and alloy known for its workability
Silver - ✔✔Main component of amalgam and gives it its strength
Bevel - ✔✔Removes the outer layer of fluoride rich enamel rods
Modified type - ✔✔Does not extend into the Dentin, class V and III, use diamond bits
bevel at 45 degrees, small surface defects
Composite prep - ✔✔Minimum pulp irritation, conservative, mechanical bond between
resin, etched and enamel, marginal integrity, reduced microleakage
Sandwich Technique - ✔✔Restoration-Glass Ionomer-Tooth
© EMILY CHARLENE YEAR 2025-2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 1
, Resin Modified Glass Ionomer (RMGI) - ✔✔Acts like composite mixture of glass
ionomer organic acid, and resin. No adhesive needed holds better than GI, used on the
class I, II, III, V and baby teeth, pit and fissures, geriatric, root caries and core build ups.
Cannot be used on occlusal surfaces on adults
Compomers - ✔✔Have GI properties, more like composites than GI, requires adhesive,
used in class I, II, and V, pit and fissures, ortho band cements, and baby teeth
Nano fils - ✔✔Similar micro hybrids, cluster of .01-.002 microns, enamel like finishing
MicroHybrids - ✔✔40-60% inorganic particles, esthetics is superb, light opacities similar
to natural teeth
Hybrid resins - ✔✔70-80% particles, submicron particles, finish and polishes great,
good physical properties
Microfilled resins - ✔✔40-60% particles, polishable, improved rough surfaces, no large
particles, subsceptible to recurrent carries, less filler by weight, physical characteristics
inferior, subsceptible to shear fractures, increased coefficient thermal expansion,
radiolucent, and displays greater wear resistance to toothbrush abrasion
Air inhibited layer - ✔✔Air exposed tooth will not polymerize
Copal varnish - ✔✔Defeats the bonding process and cannot be used with composite,
used to close the tubelous. Placed after any material that will help the dentin. Ex.
Calcium hydroxide and ZOE. Use 2 applications
Exothermic - ✔✔When Zinc phosphate heats up
Large filler particles - ✔✔Are not polishable
Hybrid layer - ✔✔Strong bond between agent and composite
© EMILY CHARLENE YEAR 2025-2026, ALL RIGHTS RESERVED 2
