UNE Biochemistry 2 UPDATED ACTUAL
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
anabolic hormone that promotes glucose storage (for growth); inhibits fuel mobilization -
CORRECT ANSWER - Insulin
Catabolic; promote glucose release from liver for fuel mobilization - CORRECT
ANSWER - Glucagon & Stress hormones (epinephrine + cortisol)
Disulfide linkage, must cleave C peptide to activate - CORRECT ANSWER - Structure of
insulin
"glucose is gone!", secreted by alpha cells in pancreas. Uses 2nd messenger cAMP to activate
protein kinase A - CORRECT ANSWER - Glucagon (what secretes it, what messenger
system)
glycogen in liver is converted to glucose, triglycerides in adipocyte tissue converted to fatty
acids, no change in skeletal muscle (lack glucagon receptors) - CORRECT ANSWER -
When there are high levels of glucagon...
hydrolyzes a-1,4 bonds in random intervals on polysaccharide chain (cut up carbs!) - CORRECT
ANSWER - How does salivary a-amylase work?
Lactose, maltose, trehalose - CORRECT ANSWER - What are the primary disaccharides?
b-1,4 bond between galactose and glucose - CORRECT ANSWER - Lactase splits...
a-1,4 bond between maltose and maltotriose - CORRECT ANSWER - Maltase splits...
a-1,6 bond - CORRECT ANSWER - Isomaltase splits...
, a-1,1 bond between two glucose molecules - CORRECT ANSWER - Trehalase splits...
Secondary active transport (sodium ATPase transporters/GLUT family proteins) - CORRECT
ANSWER - How are monomeric forms of sugars transported from lumen to capillaries?
2 pyruvate, 2 net ATP, 2 NADH; continues on to TCA cycle - CORRECT ANSWER -
Product of glycolysis (aerobic)
2 lactate, 2 net ATP, no NADH - it is reoxidized - CORRECT ANSWER - Product of
anaerobic glycolysis
1.glucose to glucose 6P by hexokinase/glucokinase (liver),
2. G6P to F6P,
3. F6P to F1,6P by phosphofructokinase 1,
4. F1,6P to DihydroxyacetoneP and Glyceraldehyde 3P by aldolase (interchangeable),
5. Glyceraldehyde 3P to 1,3Biphosphoglycerate,
6. 1,3 Biphosphoglycerate to 3 phosphoglycerate,
7. 3PH glycerate to 2PH glycerate,
8. 2PH glycerate to phosphoenol-pyruvate (PEP)
9. Phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate by pyruvate kinase - CORRECT ANSWER -
Steps of glycolysis
Hexokinase/glucokinase, phosphofructokinase 1, and pyruvate kinase. These are 3 irreversible
steps - CORRECT ANSWER - What are the 3 regulated steps of glycolysis?
located in all tissues with low km; converts glucose to glucose 6P. Inhibited by glucose 6P -
CORRECT ANSWER - Hexokinase (where, inhibitors)
Exam Questions and CORRECT Answers
anabolic hormone that promotes glucose storage (for growth); inhibits fuel mobilization -
CORRECT ANSWER - Insulin
Catabolic; promote glucose release from liver for fuel mobilization - CORRECT
ANSWER - Glucagon & Stress hormones (epinephrine + cortisol)
Disulfide linkage, must cleave C peptide to activate - CORRECT ANSWER - Structure of
insulin
"glucose is gone!", secreted by alpha cells in pancreas. Uses 2nd messenger cAMP to activate
protein kinase A - CORRECT ANSWER - Glucagon (what secretes it, what messenger
system)
glycogen in liver is converted to glucose, triglycerides in adipocyte tissue converted to fatty
acids, no change in skeletal muscle (lack glucagon receptors) - CORRECT ANSWER -
When there are high levels of glucagon...
hydrolyzes a-1,4 bonds in random intervals on polysaccharide chain (cut up carbs!) - CORRECT
ANSWER - How does salivary a-amylase work?
Lactose, maltose, trehalose - CORRECT ANSWER - What are the primary disaccharides?
b-1,4 bond between galactose and glucose - CORRECT ANSWER - Lactase splits...
a-1,4 bond between maltose and maltotriose - CORRECT ANSWER - Maltase splits...
a-1,6 bond - CORRECT ANSWER - Isomaltase splits...
, a-1,1 bond between two glucose molecules - CORRECT ANSWER - Trehalase splits...
Secondary active transport (sodium ATPase transporters/GLUT family proteins) - CORRECT
ANSWER - How are monomeric forms of sugars transported from lumen to capillaries?
2 pyruvate, 2 net ATP, 2 NADH; continues on to TCA cycle - CORRECT ANSWER -
Product of glycolysis (aerobic)
2 lactate, 2 net ATP, no NADH - it is reoxidized - CORRECT ANSWER - Product of
anaerobic glycolysis
1.glucose to glucose 6P by hexokinase/glucokinase (liver),
2. G6P to F6P,
3. F6P to F1,6P by phosphofructokinase 1,
4. F1,6P to DihydroxyacetoneP and Glyceraldehyde 3P by aldolase (interchangeable),
5. Glyceraldehyde 3P to 1,3Biphosphoglycerate,
6. 1,3 Biphosphoglycerate to 3 phosphoglycerate,
7. 3PH glycerate to 2PH glycerate,
8. 2PH glycerate to phosphoenol-pyruvate (PEP)
9. Phosphoenol pyruvate (PEP) to pyruvate by pyruvate kinase - CORRECT ANSWER -
Steps of glycolysis
Hexokinase/glucokinase, phosphofructokinase 1, and pyruvate kinase. These are 3 irreversible
steps - CORRECT ANSWER - What are the 3 regulated steps of glycolysis?
located in all tissues with low km; converts glucose to glucose 6P. Inhibited by glucose 6P -
CORRECT ANSWER - Hexokinase (where, inhibitors)
