EMT Final Written: Multiple Choice
_____ accounts for about half of all trauma in pregnancy.
A. Domestic violence
B. Burns
C. Falls
D. Motor vehicle crashes - ANS-D
\__________ is a condition in which the placenta develops over and covers the cervix.
a. eclampsia
b. placenta previa
c. placenta abruptio
d. prolapsed cord - ANS-b
\__________ is a situation in which the umbilical cord comes out of the vagina before the
infant.
a. eclampsia
b. placenta previa
c. abruptio placenta
d. prolapsed cord - ANS-d
\___________ is heralded by the onset of convulsions, or seizures, resulting from severe
hypertension in the pregnant woman.
a. eclampsia
b. placenta previa
c. placenta abruptio
d. supine hypotensive syndrome - ANS-a
\A "vibration" that can be palpated at the fistula in the arm of the dialysis patient is called
a(n):
A. thrill
B. aneurism
C. hematoma
D. embolism - ANS-A
\A 12 year old is apneic, pulseless, cold, and cyanotic. Appropriate treatment would be:
A. Call for the coroner
B. Perform CPR and continue to slowly warm the patient until arrival at the hospital.
C. Warm the patient then begin CPR when the patient's body temp reaches 95 degrees
Fahrenheit
D. Perform CPR and keep the patient cool until arrival at the ER to slow the child's
metabolism - ANS-B
\A 26yo with hemophilia fell in his garage, cutting his arm on a nail protruding from a door
frame. EMRs are on scene holding a blood soaked towel on his right forearm. He is alert and
oriented with a pale complexion. They report the following: pulse 98, respirations 18, BP
142/66, SpO2 99% on room air. Your initial priority in caring for this patient is:
A. immediate transport to the hospital
B. providing supplemental O2
C. stopping the bleeding
D. replacing the towel with a sterile dressing - ANS-C.
,\A 28 year-old male was cutting limbs from a tree when he lost his footing and fell
approximately 20 feet. He is unresponsive and breathing shallowly at 28 times per minute.
His radial pulse is weak and thready, and his skin is cool to the touch. Emergency Medical
Responders (EMRs) have placed him on a nonrebreather face mask and are holding manual
in-line cervical spine stabilization. Based on these assessment findings, which one of the
following instructions would you provide to the EMRs?
Select one:
a. Let's take off the oxygen mask and start positive pressure ventilation to assist his
breathing.
b. Do not cover him with a blanket because that will cause his blood vessels to dilate and
drop his BP.
c. Let's go ahead and elevate his legs 8 to 12 inches so more blood gets to his vital organs.
d. He has snoring respirations, so let's go ahead and open the airway with the head tilt-chin
lift. - ANS-A
\A 3 year old girl is in severe respiratory distress. Her skin is cool and mottled. She is
breathing spontaneously at 6-7 times a minute, but is unresponsive to verbal or physical
stimuli. Her heart rate is 138 bpm. What should be your first action?
a. Provide high flow oxygen using a non-rebreather at 10 lpm.
b. Administer a blind finger sweep to attempt to remove the obstruction.
c. Assist her ventilations with a BVM and supplemental oxygen at 15 lpm.
d. Begin chest compressions to assist her inadequate spontaneous respirations. - ANS-c
\A 31-year-old groundskeeper has been stung by wasps three times in his right arm and left
ankle. After performing the primary and secondary assessments, what should you do next?
A. Place a constricting band above the sting sites.
B. Apply ice packs to the sting site for pain relief.
C. Attempt removal of any embedded stingers.
D. Wash the sting sites with sterile water and soap. - ANS-D
\A 35 year old woman, 32 weeks' gestation, reports increased swelling in her hands and feet
the last week and now complains of a sudden, intense headache. Her vital signs are as
follows: pulse of 92/min; respirations of 24/min; and blood pressure of 144/92 mm Hg. You
are concerned she has:
A. Hypertensive syndrome.
B. Pre-eclampsia.
C. Eclampsia.
D. Vitamin B12 deficiency - ANS-b
\A 47 year-old male is complaining of substernal chest pain. The EMT is considering
assisting with the patient's prescribed nitroglycerin. Which one of the following patient
statements is most relevant to the EMT at this time?
a. I accidentally took five baby aspirins when the chest pain first started.
b. I took a nitroglycerin yesterday for the pain and it didn't do anything.
c. My urologist just started treating me for problems I am having with sex.
d. I forgot to take my high blood pressure medication this morning. - ANS-c
\A 47 year-old patient has been in cardiac arrest for six minutes. Prior to checking the heart
rhythm with the AED, the EMT and his partner must:
a. perform CPR at a ratio of 30 ventilations to two compressions.
b. administer cardiopulmonary resuscitation for one minute.
c. provide five cycles of chest compressions and ventilations.
d. perform a primary and secondary assessment. - ANS-c
,\A 51 year-old male who suffered cardiac arrest has regained a pulse after one shock from
the AED. The dispatcher informs you that the paramedic unit you have requested for
assistance is coming from the eastern end of the county and has a 20-minute ETA. The
hospital is 15 minutes west of your location. Which one of the following would be most
appropriate?
a. Wait on scene for the paramedic unit to arrive.
b. Load the patient and meet the paramedic unit at a halfway point.
c. Load the patient in the ambulance and wait on scene for the paramedic unit.
d. Cancel the paramedic unit and transport to the hospital. - ANS-d
\A 51-year-old male was burned in the face after a steam valve was accidentally opened. His
face is red and swollen, and he is screaming in pain. He also states that he is having a hard
time seeing. Which one of the following is the EMT's priority priority concern in caring for this
patient?
A. Airway compromise
B. Loss of vision
C. Facial disfigurement
D. Pain management - ANS-a
\A 52 year-old male has collapsed on his front porch and his family dialed 911. When you
arrive, the daughter informs you that the patient has been down for approximately eight
minutes. Assessment reveals him to be in cardiac arrest. Which one of the following should
you do immediately?
a. Perform five cycles of CPR at a ratio of 15 compressions to 2 ventilations.
b. Perform two minutes of CPR before analyzing the heart rhythm.
c. Apply electrodes to the patient and follow the AED's prompts.
d. Contact medical direction for permission to use the AED given the downtime. - ANS-b
\A 66 year-old female patient has been struck by a car. Your assessment reveals gurgling
respirations, rapid breathing, and cool, diaphoretic skin. You also observe bruising to the
chest and abdomen. Which one of the following should you do immediately?
a. Evaluate for shock.
b. Administer high-concentration oxygen.
c. Suction the airway.
d. Determine the blood pressure. - ANS-c
\A 73 year old female was in her backyard gardening when she collapsed to the ground. Her
husband told 911 that "she is breathing very fast and will not talk to me." You arrive to find
the woman lying on her side in the grass. She is breathing at 7 breaths per minute and her
pulse is irregular and very thready. Her lungs also present with crackles upon auscultation
As you are taking a blood pressure (88/66) the husband tells you that the woman has been
having jaw pain and some weakness for approximately 3 days. What is the most likely cause
of this woman's condition and how would you treat her?
a. Hypoperfusion, High flow O2, and transport in Fowler's position
b. Cardiac arrest, Treat for shock, and rapid transport
c. Cardiogenic shock, Assist ventilations, and transport
d. Septic shock, Transport in a position of comfort with high flow O2 via NRB - ANS-C
\A cardiac arrest that occurs within 2 hours of the onset of cardiac symptoms is referred to
as:
A. prehospital death
B. prehospital arrest
C. sudden death
, D. ventricular tachycardia - ANS-C.
\A complication that may be found in a 35 year old male who has sickle cell anemia is:
A. destruction of the spleen
B. acute chest syndrome
C. priapism
D. all of these - ANS-D
\A component of the blood that is critical to the body's response to infection is called:
A. red blood cells
B. platelets
C. white blood cells
D. hemoglobin - ANS-C.
\A component of the blood that is designed to aggregate as a response to a bleeding injury
is called the:
A. red blood cells
B. platelets
C. white blood cells
D. hemoglobin - ANS-B.
\A condition in which a portion of the myocardium dies as a result of oxygen starvation is
known as:
A. coronary occlusion
B. acute myocardial infarction
C. myocardial starvation
D. acute angina attack - ANS-B
\A condition that is often the result of the build up of fatty deposits on the inner walls of the
arteries is called:
A. pulmonary embolism
B. coronary artery disease
C. obesity
D. congestive heart failure - ANS-B
\A confused and anxious patient fell 20 feet from a ladder. Which one of the following signs
would suggest that the patient is in shock?
A. Constricted pupils.
B. Deformity to the left arm.
C. Contusion to his head.
D. Heart rate of 110. - ANS-D
\A confused and anxious patient fell 20 feet from a ladder. Which one of the following signs
would suggest that the patient is in shock?
a. Heart rate of 140
b. Deformity to the left arm
c. Contusion to his head
d. Constricted pupils - ANS-a
\A difference between a patient with respiratory distress and a patient with respiratory failure
includes:
A. respiratory failure shows mottled or blotchy skin color
B. respiratory failure shows an alert mental status
C. respiratory distress shows blue skin
D. respiratory distress results in a comatose patient - ANS-A
_____ accounts for about half of all trauma in pregnancy.
A. Domestic violence
B. Burns
C. Falls
D. Motor vehicle crashes - ANS-D
\__________ is a condition in which the placenta develops over and covers the cervix.
a. eclampsia
b. placenta previa
c. placenta abruptio
d. prolapsed cord - ANS-b
\__________ is a situation in which the umbilical cord comes out of the vagina before the
infant.
a. eclampsia
b. placenta previa
c. abruptio placenta
d. prolapsed cord - ANS-d
\___________ is heralded by the onset of convulsions, or seizures, resulting from severe
hypertension in the pregnant woman.
a. eclampsia
b. placenta previa
c. placenta abruptio
d. supine hypotensive syndrome - ANS-a
\A "vibration" that can be palpated at the fistula in the arm of the dialysis patient is called
a(n):
A. thrill
B. aneurism
C. hematoma
D. embolism - ANS-A
\A 12 year old is apneic, pulseless, cold, and cyanotic. Appropriate treatment would be:
A. Call for the coroner
B. Perform CPR and continue to slowly warm the patient until arrival at the hospital.
C. Warm the patient then begin CPR when the patient's body temp reaches 95 degrees
Fahrenheit
D. Perform CPR and keep the patient cool until arrival at the ER to slow the child's
metabolism - ANS-B
\A 26yo with hemophilia fell in his garage, cutting his arm on a nail protruding from a door
frame. EMRs are on scene holding a blood soaked towel on his right forearm. He is alert and
oriented with a pale complexion. They report the following: pulse 98, respirations 18, BP
142/66, SpO2 99% on room air. Your initial priority in caring for this patient is:
A. immediate transport to the hospital
B. providing supplemental O2
C. stopping the bleeding
D. replacing the towel with a sterile dressing - ANS-C.
,\A 28 year-old male was cutting limbs from a tree when he lost his footing and fell
approximately 20 feet. He is unresponsive and breathing shallowly at 28 times per minute.
His radial pulse is weak and thready, and his skin is cool to the touch. Emergency Medical
Responders (EMRs) have placed him on a nonrebreather face mask and are holding manual
in-line cervical spine stabilization. Based on these assessment findings, which one of the
following instructions would you provide to the EMRs?
Select one:
a. Let's take off the oxygen mask and start positive pressure ventilation to assist his
breathing.
b. Do not cover him with a blanket because that will cause his blood vessels to dilate and
drop his BP.
c. Let's go ahead and elevate his legs 8 to 12 inches so more blood gets to his vital organs.
d. He has snoring respirations, so let's go ahead and open the airway with the head tilt-chin
lift. - ANS-A
\A 3 year old girl is in severe respiratory distress. Her skin is cool and mottled. She is
breathing spontaneously at 6-7 times a minute, but is unresponsive to verbal or physical
stimuli. Her heart rate is 138 bpm. What should be your first action?
a. Provide high flow oxygen using a non-rebreather at 10 lpm.
b. Administer a blind finger sweep to attempt to remove the obstruction.
c. Assist her ventilations with a BVM and supplemental oxygen at 15 lpm.
d. Begin chest compressions to assist her inadequate spontaneous respirations. - ANS-c
\A 31-year-old groundskeeper has been stung by wasps three times in his right arm and left
ankle. After performing the primary and secondary assessments, what should you do next?
A. Place a constricting band above the sting sites.
B. Apply ice packs to the sting site for pain relief.
C. Attempt removal of any embedded stingers.
D. Wash the sting sites with sterile water and soap. - ANS-D
\A 35 year old woman, 32 weeks' gestation, reports increased swelling in her hands and feet
the last week and now complains of a sudden, intense headache. Her vital signs are as
follows: pulse of 92/min; respirations of 24/min; and blood pressure of 144/92 mm Hg. You
are concerned she has:
A. Hypertensive syndrome.
B. Pre-eclampsia.
C. Eclampsia.
D. Vitamin B12 deficiency - ANS-b
\A 47 year-old male is complaining of substernal chest pain. The EMT is considering
assisting with the patient's prescribed nitroglycerin. Which one of the following patient
statements is most relevant to the EMT at this time?
a. I accidentally took five baby aspirins when the chest pain first started.
b. I took a nitroglycerin yesterday for the pain and it didn't do anything.
c. My urologist just started treating me for problems I am having with sex.
d. I forgot to take my high blood pressure medication this morning. - ANS-c
\A 47 year-old patient has been in cardiac arrest for six minutes. Prior to checking the heart
rhythm with the AED, the EMT and his partner must:
a. perform CPR at a ratio of 30 ventilations to two compressions.
b. administer cardiopulmonary resuscitation for one minute.
c. provide five cycles of chest compressions and ventilations.
d. perform a primary and secondary assessment. - ANS-c
,\A 51 year-old male who suffered cardiac arrest has regained a pulse after one shock from
the AED. The dispatcher informs you that the paramedic unit you have requested for
assistance is coming from the eastern end of the county and has a 20-minute ETA. The
hospital is 15 minutes west of your location. Which one of the following would be most
appropriate?
a. Wait on scene for the paramedic unit to arrive.
b. Load the patient and meet the paramedic unit at a halfway point.
c. Load the patient in the ambulance and wait on scene for the paramedic unit.
d. Cancel the paramedic unit and transport to the hospital. - ANS-d
\A 51-year-old male was burned in the face after a steam valve was accidentally opened. His
face is red and swollen, and he is screaming in pain. He also states that he is having a hard
time seeing. Which one of the following is the EMT's priority priority concern in caring for this
patient?
A. Airway compromise
B. Loss of vision
C. Facial disfigurement
D. Pain management - ANS-a
\A 52 year-old male has collapsed on his front porch and his family dialed 911. When you
arrive, the daughter informs you that the patient has been down for approximately eight
minutes. Assessment reveals him to be in cardiac arrest. Which one of the following should
you do immediately?
a. Perform five cycles of CPR at a ratio of 15 compressions to 2 ventilations.
b. Perform two minutes of CPR before analyzing the heart rhythm.
c. Apply electrodes to the patient and follow the AED's prompts.
d. Contact medical direction for permission to use the AED given the downtime. - ANS-b
\A 66 year-old female patient has been struck by a car. Your assessment reveals gurgling
respirations, rapid breathing, and cool, diaphoretic skin. You also observe bruising to the
chest and abdomen. Which one of the following should you do immediately?
a. Evaluate for shock.
b. Administer high-concentration oxygen.
c. Suction the airway.
d. Determine the blood pressure. - ANS-c
\A 73 year old female was in her backyard gardening when she collapsed to the ground. Her
husband told 911 that "she is breathing very fast and will not talk to me." You arrive to find
the woman lying on her side in the grass. She is breathing at 7 breaths per minute and her
pulse is irregular and very thready. Her lungs also present with crackles upon auscultation
As you are taking a blood pressure (88/66) the husband tells you that the woman has been
having jaw pain and some weakness for approximately 3 days. What is the most likely cause
of this woman's condition and how would you treat her?
a. Hypoperfusion, High flow O2, and transport in Fowler's position
b. Cardiac arrest, Treat for shock, and rapid transport
c. Cardiogenic shock, Assist ventilations, and transport
d. Septic shock, Transport in a position of comfort with high flow O2 via NRB - ANS-C
\A cardiac arrest that occurs within 2 hours of the onset of cardiac symptoms is referred to
as:
A. prehospital death
B. prehospital arrest
C. sudden death
, D. ventricular tachycardia - ANS-C.
\A complication that may be found in a 35 year old male who has sickle cell anemia is:
A. destruction of the spleen
B. acute chest syndrome
C. priapism
D. all of these - ANS-D
\A component of the blood that is critical to the body's response to infection is called:
A. red blood cells
B. platelets
C. white blood cells
D. hemoglobin - ANS-C.
\A component of the blood that is designed to aggregate as a response to a bleeding injury
is called the:
A. red blood cells
B. platelets
C. white blood cells
D. hemoglobin - ANS-B.
\A condition in which a portion of the myocardium dies as a result of oxygen starvation is
known as:
A. coronary occlusion
B. acute myocardial infarction
C. myocardial starvation
D. acute angina attack - ANS-B
\A condition that is often the result of the build up of fatty deposits on the inner walls of the
arteries is called:
A. pulmonary embolism
B. coronary artery disease
C. obesity
D. congestive heart failure - ANS-B
\A confused and anxious patient fell 20 feet from a ladder. Which one of the following signs
would suggest that the patient is in shock?
A. Constricted pupils.
B. Deformity to the left arm.
C. Contusion to his head.
D. Heart rate of 110. - ANS-D
\A confused and anxious patient fell 20 feet from a ladder. Which one of the following signs
would suggest that the patient is in shock?
a. Heart rate of 140
b. Deformity to the left arm
c. Contusion to his head
d. Constricted pupils - ANS-a
\A difference between a patient with respiratory distress and a patient with respiratory failure
includes:
A. respiratory failure shows mottled or blotchy skin color
B. respiratory failure shows an alert mental status
C. respiratory distress shows blue skin
D. respiratory distress results in a comatose patient - ANS-A
