BONTRAGER CHAPTER #16 EXAM
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
This is a viral infection leading to labored breathing and dry cough. Primarily seen in
children 1 to 3 years old - ANSWER-Croup
This condition of coughing up blood - ANSWER-Hemoptysis
This is a more common a severe form of spina bifida that involves the protrusion of
the meninges through the undeveloped opening of the vertebrae. - ANSWER-
Meningocele
This condition causes inflammation of bone and cartilage of the navicular bone of the
foot. Most common in boys, beginning at age 3 to 5 and rarely last more then 2
years. - ANSWER-Kohler's bone disease
Deformity of the skull caused by premature closure of skull sutures. - ANSWER-
Craniostenosis
The most common form of craniostenosis involves which sutures? - ANSWER-
Sagittal sutures and results in AP elongation of the skull (Front to back)
Congenital deformity of the foot that can be diagnosed in real time with ultrasound. -
ANSWER-Talipes (clubfoot)
This method is commonly used to detect/diagnose Talipes - ANSWER-The kite
method
This is a hereditary disorder in which the bones are abnormally soft and fragile. -
ANSWER-Osteogenesis imperfecta
This is the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism, due to decreased bone
formation in the growth plates of long bones. - ANSWER-Achondroplasia
This primarily affects the epiphyseal or growth plates of long bones resulting in pain,
deformity, and abnormal bone growth. - ANSWER-Osteochondrosis
A dark green secretion of the liver and intestinal glands mixed with amniotic fluid is
what? - ANSWER-Meconium
What kV range (digital and analog) is generally used for a lateral chest? - ANSWER-
D: 80 to 85 kV, A: 75 to 80 kV
When should a chest exposure be initiated for a crying child? - ANSWER-When child
fully inhales before crying again
, How is the xray tube aligned for a lateral projection of the chest if the patient is on a
Tam-Em board? - ANSWER-Horizontal
T/F: a well inspire, erect chest radiograph taken on a young pediatric patient
visualizes only six to seven ribs above the diaphragm. - ANSWER-False (should
visualize 9-10)
T/F: an entire upper limb is commonly included on an infant rather than individual
exposures of specific parts of the upper limb. - ANSWER-True (Limb)
Which single radiographic position provides a lateral projection of bilateral lower
limbs for the nontraumatic pediatric patient? - ANSWER-Bi-lateral Frog leg
What size should the IR be for a skull routine on a 6 year old? - ANSWER-10x12
Which of the following CR angulations places the petrous ridges in the lower one-
third of the orbits with an AP reverse Caldwell projection of the skull? - ANSWER-15
degrees cephalad to OML
Which of the following clinical indicators applies to a pediatric skull series? -
ANSWER-Craniostenosis
At what age dose the skeleton reach full ossification? - ANSWER-25 years old
T/F: the technologist is responsible for reporting potential signs of child abuse to the
police - ANSWER-False (signs of child abuse)
What are three safeguards to help reduce repeat exposures during pediatric
procedures? - ANSWER-Proper immobilization
Short exposure time
Accurate manual technique
Other then gonadal shielding what can be used to reduce pediatric patient dose? -
ANSWER-Close collimation
Low Dose techniques
Minimum # of exposures
T/F: Clothing, bandages, and diapers generally do not need to be removed from the
regions being radiographed. On pediatric patients because they do not cause
artifacts. - ANSWER-False (diaper, artifact)
T/F: renal CT scans have largely replaced intravenous urography studies for
children. - ANSWER-True (CT)
By increasing kV and ______________, the dose can be reduced to the pediatric
patient during a helical CT Scan. - ANSWER-Pitch Ratio
What is another imaging modality used to diagnose congenital hip dislocations in the
newborn?
a. Nuclear medicine
QUESTIONS WITH COMPLETE
SOLUTIONS
This is a viral infection leading to labored breathing and dry cough. Primarily seen in
children 1 to 3 years old - ANSWER-Croup
This condition of coughing up blood - ANSWER-Hemoptysis
This is a more common a severe form of spina bifida that involves the protrusion of
the meninges through the undeveloped opening of the vertebrae. - ANSWER-
Meningocele
This condition causes inflammation of bone and cartilage of the navicular bone of the
foot. Most common in boys, beginning at age 3 to 5 and rarely last more then 2
years. - ANSWER-Kohler's bone disease
Deformity of the skull caused by premature closure of skull sutures. - ANSWER-
Craniostenosis
The most common form of craniostenosis involves which sutures? - ANSWER-
Sagittal sutures and results in AP elongation of the skull (Front to back)
Congenital deformity of the foot that can be diagnosed in real time with ultrasound. -
ANSWER-Talipes (clubfoot)
This method is commonly used to detect/diagnose Talipes - ANSWER-The kite
method
This is a hereditary disorder in which the bones are abnormally soft and fragile. -
ANSWER-Osteogenesis imperfecta
This is the most common form of short-limbed dwarfism, due to decreased bone
formation in the growth plates of long bones. - ANSWER-Achondroplasia
This primarily affects the epiphyseal or growth plates of long bones resulting in pain,
deformity, and abnormal bone growth. - ANSWER-Osteochondrosis
A dark green secretion of the liver and intestinal glands mixed with amniotic fluid is
what? - ANSWER-Meconium
What kV range (digital and analog) is generally used for a lateral chest? - ANSWER-
D: 80 to 85 kV, A: 75 to 80 kV
When should a chest exposure be initiated for a crying child? - ANSWER-When child
fully inhales before crying again
, How is the xray tube aligned for a lateral projection of the chest if the patient is on a
Tam-Em board? - ANSWER-Horizontal
T/F: a well inspire, erect chest radiograph taken on a young pediatric patient
visualizes only six to seven ribs above the diaphragm. - ANSWER-False (should
visualize 9-10)
T/F: an entire upper limb is commonly included on an infant rather than individual
exposures of specific parts of the upper limb. - ANSWER-True (Limb)
Which single radiographic position provides a lateral projection of bilateral lower
limbs for the nontraumatic pediatric patient? - ANSWER-Bi-lateral Frog leg
What size should the IR be for a skull routine on a 6 year old? - ANSWER-10x12
Which of the following CR angulations places the petrous ridges in the lower one-
third of the orbits with an AP reverse Caldwell projection of the skull? - ANSWER-15
degrees cephalad to OML
Which of the following clinical indicators applies to a pediatric skull series? -
ANSWER-Craniostenosis
At what age dose the skeleton reach full ossification? - ANSWER-25 years old
T/F: the technologist is responsible for reporting potential signs of child abuse to the
police - ANSWER-False (signs of child abuse)
What are three safeguards to help reduce repeat exposures during pediatric
procedures? - ANSWER-Proper immobilization
Short exposure time
Accurate manual technique
Other then gonadal shielding what can be used to reduce pediatric patient dose? -
ANSWER-Close collimation
Low Dose techniques
Minimum # of exposures
T/F: Clothing, bandages, and diapers generally do not need to be removed from the
regions being radiographed. On pediatric patients because they do not cause
artifacts. - ANSWER-False (diaper, artifact)
T/F: renal CT scans have largely replaced intravenous urography studies for
children. - ANSWER-True (CT)
By increasing kV and ______________, the dose can be reduced to the pediatric
patient during a helical CT Scan. - ANSWER-Pitch Ratio
What is another imaging modality used to diagnose congenital hip dislocations in the
newborn?
a. Nuclear medicine
