,Biology Unit 1 AOS1- Test 1: Cell Types & Structures
135 minutes
Section A- Multiple Choice
1.Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
a) They have a nucleus
b) They contain membrane-bound organelles
c) Their DNA is located in a nucleoid region
d) They are larger than eukaryotic cells
2.Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP in eukaryotic cells?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Ribosome
c) Mitochondrion
d) Lysosome
3.The function of ribosomes is to:
a) Synthesize lipids
b) Produce proteins
c) Modify and package proteins
d) Transport substances within the cell
4.What structure regulates the movement of materials into and out of a cell?
a) Mitochondrion
b) Plasma membrane
c) Nucleus
d) Endoplasmic reticulum
5.What is the primary function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Lipid synthesis
c) DNA replication
d) Cellular respiration
6.Which organelle is present in plant cells but absent in animal cells?
a) Ribosomes
b) Centrioles
c) Chloroplasts
d) Mitochondria
7.The role of the nucleolus is to:
a) Store genetic information
b) Synthesize ribosomal RNA
c) Produce ATP
d) Regulate cell transport
,8.The function of the Golgi apparatus is:
a) Protein packaging and modification
b) DNA replication
c) ATP synthesis
d) Cell division
9.What is the primary component of the plasma membrane?
a) Phospholipids
b) Proteins
c) Carbohydrates
d) Nucleic acids
10.Which type of cell contains plasmids?
a) Animal cells
b) Bacterial cells
c) Plant cells
d) Fungal cells
11.What organelle is responsible for digesting worn-out cell components?
a) Ribosomes
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Lysosomes
d) Smooth ER
12.What type of transport requires energy in the form of ATP?
a) Osmosis
b) Simple diffusion
c) Active transport
d) Facilitated diffusion
13.Which of the following is a function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a) Lipid synthesis
b) Protein synthesis and transport
c) Energy production
d) DNA storage
14.Which statement best describes the role of mitochondria?
a) They store genetic material
b) They produce proteins
c) They generate ATP through cellular respiration
d) They package and modify proteins
15.What is the correct order of the levels of biological organization, from smallest to largest?
a) Organ → Tissue → Cell → Organism
b) Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organism
c) Tissue → Cell → Organ → Organism
d) Organism → Organ → Tissue → Cell
, 16.Which type of cells lack a cell wall?
a) Bacterial cells
b) Plant cells
c) Fungal cells
d) Animal cells
17.The surface area-to-volume ratio is important for cells because:
a) It determines the shape of the nucleus
b) It affects the ability of the cell to obtain nutrients and remove waste
c) It controls the rate of protein synthesis
d) It is responsible for ATP production
18.Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Ribosomes
d) Golgi apparatus
19.Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?
a) Controlling what enters and exits the cell
b) Providing structural support to the cell
c) Producing ATP
d) Facilitating cell communication
20.Which part of the cell cycle involves the division of the cytoplasm?
a) Interphase
b) Mitosis
c) Cytokinesis
d) Prophase
Section B- Short Answer Questions
1.Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in terms of structure.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2.Describe the role of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
3.Explain the function of ribosomes in the cell.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
4.What is the importance of the plasma membrane in maintaining homeostasis?
135 minutes
Section A- Multiple Choice
1.Which of the following is a characteristic of prokaryotic cells?
a) They have a nucleus
b) They contain membrane-bound organelles
c) Their DNA is located in a nucleoid region
d) They are larger than eukaryotic cells
2.Which organelle is responsible for producing ATP in eukaryotic cells?
a) Golgi apparatus
b) Ribosome
c) Mitochondrion
d) Lysosome
3.The function of ribosomes is to:
a) Synthesize lipids
b) Produce proteins
c) Modify and package proteins
d) Transport substances within the cell
4.What structure regulates the movement of materials into and out of a cell?
a) Mitochondrion
b) Plasma membrane
c) Nucleus
d) Endoplasmic reticulum
5.What is the primary function of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
a) Protein synthesis
b) Lipid synthesis
c) DNA replication
d) Cellular respiration
6.Which organelle is present in plant cells but absent in animal cells?
a) Ribosomes
b) Centrioles
c) Chloroplasts
d) Mitochondria
7.The role of the nucleolus is to:
a) Store genetic information
b) Synthesize ribosomal RNA
c) Produce ATP
d) Regulate cell transport
,8.The function of the Golgi apparatus is:
a) Protein packaging and modification
b) DNA replication
c) ATP synthesis
d) Cell division
9.What is the primary component of the plasma membrane?
a) Phospholipids
b) Proteins
c) Carbohydrates
d) Nucleic acids
10.Which type of cell contains plasmids?
a) Animal cells
b) Bacterial cells
c) Plant cells
d) Fungal cells
11.What organelle is responsible for digesting worn-out cell components?
a) Ribosomes
b) Golgi apparatus
c) Lysosomes
d) Smooth ER
12.What type of transport requires energy in the form of ATP?
a) Osmosis
b) Simple diffusion
c) Active transport
d) Facilitated diffusion
13.Which of the following is a function of the rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a) Lipid synthesis
b) Protein synthesis and transport
c) Energy production
d) DNA storage
14.Which statement best describes the role of mitochondria?
a) They store genetic material
b) They produce proteins
c) They generate ATP through cellular respiration
d) They package and modify proteins
15.What is the correct order of the levels of biological organization, from smallest to largest?
a) Organ → Tissue → Cell → Organism
b) Cell → Tissue → Organ → Organism
c) Tissue → Cell → Organ → Organism
d) Organism → Organ → Tissue → Cell
, 16.Which type of cells lack a cell wall?
a) Bacterial cells
b) Plant cells
c) Fungal cells
d) Animal cells
17.The surface area-to-volume ratio is important for cells because:
a) It determines the shape of the nucleus
b) It affects the ability of the cell to obtain nutrients and remove waste
c) It controls the rate of protein synthesis
d) It is responsible for ATP production
18.Which of the following structures is found in both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells?
a) Nucleus
b) Mitochondria
c) Ribosomes
d) Golgi apparatus
19.Which of the following is NOT a function of the plasma membrane?
a) Controlling what enters and exits the cell
b) Providing structural support to the cell
c) Producing ATP
d) Facilitating cell communication
20.Which part of the cell cycle involves the division of the cytoplasm?
a) Interphase
b) Mitosis
c) Cytokinesis
d) Prophase
Section B- Short Answer Questions
1.Compare prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells in terms of structure.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
2.Describe the role of the nucleus in a eukaryotic cell.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
3.Explain the function of ribosomes in the cell.
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
4.What is the importance of the plasma membrane in maintaining homeostasis?
