Test bank for advanced assessment interpreting findings and formulating differential diagnoses, 5th edition by Goolsby, Verified Chapters 1 - 22, Complete ...

Test Bank for Advanced Assessment: Interpreting Findings and Fo
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rmulating Differential Diagnoses, 5th Edition, Mary Jo Goolsby, L
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aurie Grubbs Chapter 1 - 22 | Complete
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,Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
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MultiplerChoice
Identifyrtherchoicerthatrbestrcompletesrtherstatementrorranswersrtherquestion.

r 1. Whichrtyperofrclinicalrdecision-makingrisrmostrreliable?
A. Intuitive
B. Analytical
C. Experiential
D. Augenblick
r 2. Whichrofrtherfollowingrisrfalse?rTorobtainradequaterhistory,rhealth-carerprovidersrmustrbe:
A. Methodicalrandrsystematic
B. Attentivertortherpatient’srverbalrandrnonverbalrlanguage
C. Ablertoraccuratelyrinterpretrtherpatient’srresponses
D. Adeptratrreadingrintortherpatient’srstatements
r 3. Essentialrpartsrofrarhealthrhistoryrincluderallrofrtherfollowingrexcept:
A. Chiefrcomplaint
B. Historyrofrtherpresentrillness
C. Currentrvitalrsigns
D. Allrofrtheraboverareressentialrhistoryrcomponents
r 4. Whichrofrtherfollowingrisrfalse?rWhilerperformingrtherphysicalrexamination,rtherexaminerrmustrberabl
erto:
A. Differentiaterbetweenrnormalrandrabnormalrfindings
B. Recallrknowledgerofrarrangerofrconditionsrandrtheirrassociatedrsignsrandrsymptoms
C. Recognizerhowrcertainrconditionsraffectrtherresponsertorotherrconditions
D. Foreseerunpredictablerfindings
r 5. Therfollowingrisrtherleastrreliablersourcerofrinformationrforrdiagnosticrstatistics:
A. Evidence-basedrinvestigations
B. Primaryrreportsrofrresearch
C. Estimationrbasedronrarprovider’srexperience
D. Publishedrmeta-analyses
r 6. Therfollowingrcanrberusedrtorassistrinrsoundrclinicalrdecision-making:
A. Algorithmrpublishedrinrarpeer-reviewedrjournalrarticle
B. Clinicalrpracticerguidelines
C. Evidence-basedrresearch
D. Allrofrtherabove
r 7. Ifrardiagnosticrstudyrhasrhighrsensitivity,rthisrindicatesra:
A. Highrpercentagerofrpersonsrwithrthergivenrconditionrwillrhaveranrabnormalrresult
B. Lowrpercentagerofrpersonsrwithrthergivenrconditionrwillrhaveranrabnormalrresult
C. Lowrlikelihoodrofrnormalrresultrinrpersonsrwithoutrargivenrcondition
D. Nonerofrtherabove

,r 8. Ifrardiagnosticrstudyrhasrhighrspecificity,rthisrindicatesra:
A. Lowrpercentagerofrhealthyrindividualsrwillrshowrarnormalrresult
B. Highrpercentagerofrhealthyrindividualsrwillrshowrarnormalrresult
C. Highrpercentagerofrindividualsrwithrardisorderrwillrshowrarnormalrresult
D. Lowrpercentagerofrindividualsrwithrardisorderrwillrshowranrabnormalrresult
r 9. Arlikelihoodrratiorabover1rindicatesrthatrardiagnosticrtestrshowingra:
A. Positiverresultrisrstronglyrassociatedrwithrtherdisease
B. Negativerresultrisrstronglyrassociatedrwithrabsencerofrtherdisease
C. Positiverresultrisrweaklyrassociatedrwithrtherdisease
D. Negativerresultrisrweaklyrassociatedrwithrabsencerofrtherdisease
r 10.rWhichrofrtherfollowingrclinicalrreasoningrtoolsrisrdefinedrasrevidence-
basedrresourcerbasedronrmathematicalrmodelingrtorexpressrtherlikelihoodrofrarconditionrinrselectrsituat
ions,rsettings,rand/orrpatients?
A. Clinicalrpracticerguideline
B. Clinicalrdecisionrrule
C. Clinicalralgorithm
D. Clinicalrrecommendation

, Chapter 1. Assessment and Clinical Decision-Making: Overview
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Answer Section
r




MULTIPLErCHOICE

1. ANS:r B
Croskerryr(2009)rdescribesrtwormajorrtypesrofrclinicalrdiagnosticrdecision-
making:rintuitiverandranalytical.rIntuitiverdecision-makingr(similarrtorAugenblinkrdecision-
making)risrbasedronrtherexperiencerandrintuitionrofrtherclinicianrandrisrlessrreliablerandrpairedrwithrfair
lyrcommonrerrors.rInrcontrast,ranalyticalrdecision-
makingrisrbasedronrcarefulrconsiderationrandrhasrgreaterrreliabilityrwithrrarererrors.

PTS: 1
2. ANS:r D
Torobtainradequaterhistory,rprovidersrmustrberwellrorganized,rattentivertortherpatient’srverbalrandrnonv
erbalrlanguage,randrablertoraccuratelyrinterpretrtherpatient’srresponsesrtorquestions.rRatherrthanrreadin
grintortherpatient’srstatements,rtheyrclarifyranyrareasrofruncertainty.

PTS: 1
3. ANS:r C
Vitalrsignsrarerpartrofrtherphysicalrexaminationrportionrofrpatientrassessment,rnotrpartrofrtherhealthrhistor
y.

PTS: 1
4. ANS:r D
Whilerperformingrtherphysicalrexamination,rtherexaminerrmustrberablertordifferentiaterbetweenrnorma
lrandrabnormalrfindings,rrecallrknowledgerofrarrangerofrconditions,rincludingrtheirrassociatedrsignsran
drsymptoms,rrecognizerhowrcertainrconditionsraffectrtherresponsertorotherrconditions,randrdistinguishr
therrelevancerofrvariedrabnormalrfindings.

PTS: 1
5. ANS:r C
Sourcesrforrdiagnosticrstatisticsrincludertextbooks,rprimaryrreportsrofrresearch,randrpublishedrmeta-
analyses.rAnotherrsourcerofrstatistics,rtheronerthatrhasrbeenrmostrwidelyrusedrandravailablerforrapplic
ationrtortherreasoningrprocess,risrtherestimationrbasedronrarprovider’srexperience,ralthoughrtheserarerr
arelyraccurate.rOverrtherpastrdecade,rtheravailabilityrofrevidenceronrwhichrtorbaserclinicalrreasoningri
srimproving,randrthererisranrincreasingrexpectationrthatrclinicalrreasoningrberbasedronrscientificrevide
nce.rEvidence-
basedrstatisticsrareralsorincreasinglyrbeingrusedrtordeveloprresourcesrtorfacilitaterclinicalrdecision-
making.

PTS: 1
6. ANS:r D
Torassistrinrclinicalrdecision-making,rarnumberrofrevidence-
basedrresourcesrhaverbeenrdevelopedrtorassistrtherclinician.rResources,rsuchrasralgorithmsrandrclinicalr
practicerguidelines,rassistrinrclinicalrreasoningrwhenrproperlyrapplied.



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