FINAL EXAM WEST COAST EMT EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
(VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+) LATEST UPDATE 2025/2026
What is croup? What are the S/S? - CORRECT ANSWER - upper airway viral
infection that blocks the breathing
s/s: barking cough, hoarse voice, fever, labored or noisy breathing
What is Epiglottis? What the S/S? - CORRECT ANSWER - The tissue protecting
the windpipe is inflamed causing swelling, which blocks the lungs from a bacterial
infection
S/S: SOB, difficulty swallowing, sore throat, fever from infection
What is a vesicant agent (Terrorism) - CORRECT ANSWER - man-made
chemical warfare agent
(mustard gas, phosgene)
What is compensated shock?
What are the S/S?
How does the body react? - CORRECT ANSWER - Is a stage of shock refers to
the initial stage the the body is still able to compensate for the tissue perfusion
decrease, including tachycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction
S/S: cool extremities, weak pulse, delayed cap refill, tachycardia, narrowing pulse
pressure
,What is decompensated shock? - CORRECT ANSWER - when the body can no
longer compensate for low blood volume or lack of perfusion. Late signs such as
decreasing blood pressure become evident
S/S: cold, clammy extremities, feeble or absent peripheral pulse, bradycardia, low
systolic blood pressure
What is the axial skeleton? - CORRECT ANSWER - the part of the skeleton that
consists of the bones of the head and trunk of a vertebrate, the framework supports
and protect the organs
Blunt trauma to the right upper or left lower abdomen - CORRECT ANSWER -
Right upper: Liver, Gallbladder, R kidney
Left Lower: Colon, Left Kidney
compression to breath ratio 1 to 2 person rescue for adult and infants - CORRECT
ANSWER - Adult/Infant 1 person rescuer 30:2
Adult/Infant 2 person rescuer 15:2
What is APGAR? - CORRECT ANSWER - A quick test performed on a baby 1-5
minutes after birth
Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, activity, and Respiration
Where do you start assessment on adults vs children - CORRECT ANSWER -
Begin at the toes for a child
Begin at the head for an adult
,When someone gets hit by car, where would you see injuries in and adult vs a kid (
likelihood) - CORRECT ANSWER - Adult: front bumper strikes the lower leg
region or pelvic region
Child: small child head and neck, bigger child would be chest or torso
pediatric non rebreather and nasal cannula - CORRECT ANSWER - Non
rebreather: 10-15 LPM flow rate
Nasal Cannula: 2-6 LMP flow rate
why do elderly have brittle bones (osteoporosis) - CORRECT ANSWER - The
holes in the bones get bigger and the outer layer becomes thinner, The bones get
less dense
What is evaporation? - CORRECT ANSWER - The body's Natural cooling
mechanism, in which sweat is converted to a gas.
What is conduction? - CORRECT ANSWER - Heat from the body being
transferred to an cooler surface
What is convection? - CORRECT ANSWER - Loss of heat through thorough
contact with a cooler gas or fluid.
What is Radiation? - CORRECT ANSWER - The transfer of heat by radiant
energy. radiant energy is a type of invisible light that transfers heat. radiation can
also transfer the cold like standing in a cold room or heat by standing next to a fire
, What is a tension pneumothorax? - CORRECT ANSWER - occurs when air
accumulates between the chest wall and the lung and increases pressure in the
chest, reducing the amount blood returned to the heart
s/s: chest pain, SOB, rapid breathing, racing heart, followed by shock
What is a pneumothorax? - CORRECT ANSWER - a collapsed lung that cause
air to enter the space between your lung and chest wall
S/S: Sudden chest pain, SOB, shallow breathing, sometimes a cough
Whats the difference between hyper and hypo glycemia?
What do you do for each?/what could a hospital do for each? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Hyper- high blood sugar
- Continuous IV infusion of regular insulin is the treatment of choice beware for
vomiting, monitor cardiac rhythm
- hospitals will administer insulin
Hypo- low blood sugar
- We can help by monitoring blood glucose and administering oral glucose
- Hospitals can rapid-acting glucose
Newborn infant
- How do they act?
- what do they do?
- what are seeing when first born? - CORRECT ANSWER - ....
what is the electrical conduction system? - CORRECT ANSWER - The electrical
signals that travel through your heart conduction system cause your heart to
(VERIFIED ANSWERS GRADED A+) LATEST UPDATE 2025/2026
What is croup? What are the S/S? - CORRECT ANSWER - upper airway viral
infection that blocks the breathing
s/s: barking cough, hoarse voice, fever, labored or noisy breathing
What is Epiglottis? What the S/S? - CORRECT ANSWER - The tissue protecting
the windpipe is inflamed causing swelling, which blocks the lungs from a bacterial
infection
S/S: SOB, difficulty swallowing, sore throat, fever from infection
What is a vesicant agent (Terrorism) - CORRECT ANSWER - man-made
chemical warfare agent
(mustard gas, phosgene)
What is compensated shock?
What are the S/S?
How does the body react? - CORRECT ANSWER - Is a stage of shock refers to
the initial stage the the body is still able to compensate for the tissue perfusion
decrease, including tachycardia, peripheral vasoconstriction
S/S: cool extremities, weak pulse, delayed cap refill, tachycardia, narrowing pulse
pressure
,What is decompensated shock? - CORRECT ANSWER - when the body can no
longer compensate for low blood volume or lack of perfusion. Late signs such as
decreasing blood pressure become evident
S/S: cold, clammy extremities, feeble or absent peripheral pulse, bradycardia, low
systolic blood pressure
What is the axial skeleton? - CORRECT ANSWER - the part of the skeleton that
consists of the bones of the head and trunk of a vertebrate, the framework supports
and protect the organs
Blunt trauma to the right upper or left lower abdomen - CORRECT ANSWER -
Right upper: Liver, Gallbladder, R kidney
Left Lower: Colon, Left Kidney
compression to breath ratio 1 to 2 person rescue for adult and infants - CORRECT
ANSWER - Adult/Infant 1 person rescuer 30:2
Adult/Infant 2 person rescuer 15:2
What is APGAR? - CORRECT ANSWER - A quick test performed on a baby 1-5
minutes after birth
Appearance, Pulse, Grimace, activity, and Respiration
Where do you start assessment on adults vs children - CORRECT ANSWER -
Begin at the toes for a child
Begin at the head for an adult
,When someone gets hit by car, where would you see injuries in and adult vs a kid (
likelihood) - CORRECT ANSWER - Adult: front bumper strikes the lower leg
region or pelvic region
Child: small child head and neck, bigger child would be chest or torso
pediatric non rebreather and nasal cannula - CORRECT ANSWER - Non
rebreather: 10-15 LPM flow rate
Nasal Cannula: 2-6 LMP flow rate
why do elderly have brittle bones (osteoporosis) - CORRECT ANSWER - The
holes in the bones get bigger and the outer layer becomes thinner, The bones get
less dense
What is evaporation? - CORRECT ANSWER - The body's Natural cooling
mechanism, in which sweat is converted to a gas.
What is conduction? - CORRECT ANSWER - Heat from the body being
transferred to an cooler surface
What is convection? - CORRECT ANSWER - Loss of heat through thorough
contact with a cooler gas or fluid.
What is Radiation? - CORRECT ANSWER - The transfer of heat by radiant
energy. radiant energy is a type of invisible light that transfers heat. radiation can
also transfer the cold like standing in a cold room or heat by standing next to a fire
, What is a tension pneumothorax? - CORRECT ANSWER - occurs when air
accumulates between the chest wall and the lung and increases pressure in the
chest, reducing the amount blood returned to the heart
s/s: chest pain, SOB, rapid breathing, racing heart, followed by shock
What is a pneumothorax? - CORRECT ANSWER - a collapsed lung that cause
air to enter the space between your lung and chest wall
S/S: Sudden chest pain, SOB, shallow breathing, sometimes a cough
Whats the difference between hyper and hypo glycemia?
What do you do for each?/what could a hospital do for each? - CORRECT
ANSWER - Hyper- high blood sugar
- Continuous IV infusion of regular insulin is the treatment of choice beware for
vomiting, monitor cardiac rhythm
- hospitals will administer insulin
Hypo- low blood sugar
- We can help by monitoring blood glucose and administering oral glucose
- Hospitals can rapid-acting glucose
Newborn infant
- How do they act?
- what do they do?
- what are seeing when first born? - CORRECT ANSWER - ....
what is the electrical conduction system? - CORRECT ANSWER - The electrical
signals that travel through your heart conduction system cause your heart to
