DHYG Pharmacology final exam
Questions and Verified Answers
Which of the following pregnancy categories does chlorhexidine belong?
A
B
C
D
X
B
Nitroglycerin is not given orally because it?
-has a bad taste.
-dissolves slowly in the mouth.
-has a high first-pass metabolism.
-undergoes absorption in the stomach too quickly.
has a high first-pass metabolism.
Displacement of a drug from plasma albumin binding sites would usually be expected to?
-decrease the amount of distribution.
-increase blood levels of the drug.
-decrease the metabolism of the drug.
-increase the metabolism of the drug.
increase blood levels of the drug.
,Which of the following routes will a drug follow after intravenous administration? (p. 27)
A)Vein, general circulation, liver, kidney
B)Esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver,
kidney C)Liver, small intestine, kidney
D)Vein, liver, general circulation, kidney
Vein, general circulation, liver, kidney
An individual has overdosed on oxycodone, a narcotic analgesic, and is administered
a narcotic antagonist. Which of the following features describes antagonist drugs?
A)Binds to the same receptor sites as agonist drugs. B)Binds to the receptor to reduce
the actions of the agonist.
C)Have a greater affinity to the receptor than agonists.
D)Have a lesser affinity to the receptor than agonists.
Binds to the receptor to reduce the actions of the agonist.
A prescription for penicillin VK is given to a dental patient with an endodontic abscess. The
prescription is written for an initial loading dose followed by a maintenance dose. Which of
the following reasons explains the rationale for giving a loading dose for an antibiotic?
A) Maintains a desired steady-state plasma level.
B) Attains the desired blood level immediately.
C) Decreases premature clearance of the drug.
D) Increases the rate of drug metabolism.
Attains the desired blood level immediately.
A patient has an artificial heart valve and is taking clindamycin, an antibiotic, for
prophylaxis against bacteremia. In order for the clindamycin to be absorbed into the blood,
it must pass through?
A) three barriers: epithelial cells + blood vessels + brain
B)two barriers: epithelial cells + blood vessel
,C) one barrier: blood
D) no barrier: drug does directly into blood
two barriers: epithelial cells + blood vessel
All of the following statements are true about lipid-soluble drugs except one. Which one
is the exception?
A) Readily absorbed through blood vessel wall
B) Slowly absorbed through cell membrane
C) Goes through the blood-brain barrier
D) Can be given by inhalation
Slowly absorbed through cell membrane
Which of the following reasons explains why an intravenously administered drug such as
an antibiotic achieves very high initial blood concentration levels?
A) Drugs made of small molecules
B) Drugs have a high pH
C) No barrier to absorption
D) Expensive to give
No barrier to absorption
Which of the following statements is true regarding absorption of local anesthetics?
A) Lidocaine (pKa 4) is not absorbed easily through lipid membranes.
B) Lidocaine (pKa 7.9) has a fast onset because the tissue pH is close to the pKa.
C) Bupivicaine (pKa 8.3) has a faster onset than lidocaine.
D) Bupivicaine (pKa 7.7) has a slow onset of action because it is highly unionized.
Lidocaine (pKa 7.9) has a fast onset because the tissue pH is close to the pKa.
Which of the following terms is related to the amount of drug administered? (p. 32)
Dose
Response
, Agonist
Toxicity
Dose
Which of the following routes of drug administration bypasses the GI tract?
Intravenous
Oral
Buccal
Sublingual
Intravenous
Which of the following routes of administration applies to Atridox?
Oral
Transdermal
Subcutaneous
Topical
Topical
Which of the following terms describes the development of constipation after a
patient started taking acetaminophen with codeine after a tooth extraction? Toxicity
Allergy
Idiosyncrasy
Adverse effect
Adverse effect
A dental patient taking a bisphosphonate comes into the office for an initial visit. The patient
had a tooth extracted during the week and complained of extreme pain in her jaw. Upon
examination, the dentist made a diagnosis of osteonecrosis of the jaw. Which of the following
terms best describes this situation?
Questions and Verified Answers
Which of the following pregnancy categories does chlorhexidine belong?
A
B
C
D
X
B
Nitroglycerin is not given orally because it?
-has a bad taste.
-dissolves slowly in the mouth.
-has a high first-pass metabolism.
-undergoes absorption in the stomach too quickly.
has a high first-pass metabolism.
Displacement of a drug from plasma albumin binding sites would usually be expected to?
-decrease the amount of distribution.
-increase blood levels of the drug.
-decrease the metabolism of the drug.
-increase the metabolism of the drug.
increase blood levels of the drug.
,Which of the following routes will a drug follow after intravenous administration? (p. 27)
A)Vein, general circulation, liver, kidney
B)Esophagus, stomach, small intestine, liver,
kidney C)Liver, small intestine, kidney
D)Vein, liver, general circulation, kidney
Vein, general circulation, liver, kidney
An individual has overdosed on oxycodone, a narcotic analgesic, and is administered
a narcotic antagonist. Which of the following features describes antagonist drugs?
A)Binds to the same receptor sites as agonist drugs. B)Binds to the receptor to reduce
the actions of the agonist.
C)Have a greater affinity to the receptor than agonists.
D)Have a lesser affinity to the receptor than agonists.
Binds to the receptor to reduce the actions of the agonist.
A prescription for penicillin VK is given to a dental patient with an endodontic abscess. The
prescription is written for an initial loading dose followed by a maintenance dose. Which of
the following reasons explains the rationale for giving a loading dose for an antibiotic?
A) Maintains a desired steady-state plasma level.
B) Attains the desired blood level immediately.
C) Decreases premature clearance of the drug.
D) Increases the rate of drug metabolism.
Attains the desired blood level immediately.
A patient has an artificial heart valve and is taking clindamycin, an antibiotic, for
prophylaxis against bacteremia. In order for the clindamycin to be absorbed into the blood,
it must pass through?
A) three barriers: epithelial cells + blood vessels + brain
B)two barriers: epithelial cells + blood vessel
,C) one barrier: blood
D) no barrier: drug does directly into blood
two barriers: epithelial cells + blood vessel
All of the following statements are true about lipid-soluble drugs except one. Which one
is the exception?
A) Readily absorbed through blood vessel wall
B) Slowly absorbed through cell membrane
C) Goes through the blood-brain barrier
D) Can be given by inhalation
Slowly absorbed through cell membrane
Which of the following reasons explains why an intravenously administered drug such as
an antibiotic achieves very high initial blood concentration levels?
A) Drugs made of small molecules
B) Drugs have a high pH
C) No barrier to absorption
D) Expensive to give
No barrier to absorption
Which of the following statements is true regarding absorption of local anesthetics?
A) Lidocaine (pKa 4) is not absorbed easily through lipid membranes.
B) Lidocaine (pKa 7.9) has a fast onset because the tissue pH is close to the pKa.
C) Bupivicaine (pKa 8.3) has a faster onset than lidocaine.
D) Bupivicaine (pKa 7.7) has a slow onset of action because it is highly unionized.
Lidocaine (pKa 7.9) has a fast onset because the tissue pH is close to the pKa.
Which of the following terms is related to the amount of drug administered? (p. 32)
Dose
Response
, Agonist
Toxicity
Dose
Which of the following routes of drug administration bypasses the GI tract?
Intravenous
Oral
Buccal
Sublingual
Intravenous
Which of the following routes of administration applies to Atridox?
Oral
Transdermal
Subcutaneous
Topical
Topical
Which of the following terms describes the development of constipation after a
patient started taking acetaminophen with codeine after a tooth extraction? Toxicity
Allergy
Idiosyncrasy
Adverse effect
Adverse effect
A dental patient taking a bisphosphonate comes into the office for an initial visit. The patient
had a tooth extracted during the week and complained of extreme pain in her jaw. Upon
examination, the dentist made a diagnosis of osteonecrosis of the jaw. Which of the following
terms best describes this situation?
