N165 Test 4 With Complete Solutions
the bladder can hold - ANSWER 300-500 mL
elimination - ANSWER removal of waste from the body
kidneys - ANSWER filter blood and produce urine
GI tract - ANSWER removes digestive waste in the form of stool
normal urine should be - ANSWER clear , yellow, mild odor
anuria - ANSWER no urine output
polyuria - ANSWER multiple episodes of urination
Frequency - ANSWER multiple episodes of urination with little output
hesitancy - ANSWER urge to urinate exists , difficult to start stream
dysuria - ANSWER painful urination
Normal urine output - ANSWER 30 mL/hr
stool should be... - ANSWER brown and formed ; color can vary based on diet
upper Gi bleed stool color - ANSWER black and tarry ; can also be caused from iron
supplements
lower Gi bleed stool color - ANSWER bright red
Bristol Stool Chart - ANSWER normal: types 3 and 4
1 and 2 : constipation
5, 6 and 7 : diarrhea
RUQ - ANSWER right upper quadrant
RLQ - ANSWER right lower quadrant
LLQ - ANSWER left lower quadrant
LUQ - ANSWER left upper quadrant
epigastric - ANSWER above the stomach
umbilical - ANSWER around the navel
hypogastric/suprapubic - ANSWER area above the pubic bone
,Main organs in RUQ - ANSWER liver, gallbladder, duodenum
main organs in RLQ - ANSWER cecum, appendix
main organs in LLQ - ANSWER portions of small and large intestine
Main organs in LUQ - ANSWER stomach, spleen
Abdominal Subjective Data - ANSWER 1. Appetite
2. Dysphagia
3. Food intolerance
4. Abdominal pain
5. Nausea/vomiting
6. Bowel habits
7. Past abdominal history
8. Medications
9. Nutritional assessment
abdominal assessment - ANSWER inspection, auscultation, palpation
WE DONT PERCUSS
abdominal objective data - ANSWER empty bladder
supine position; knees bent
arms by side
ask about pain
palpate painful areas last
contour (abdominal inspection) - ANSWER normal: flat , rounded
abnormal: scaphoid , distended / protuberant
umbilicus - ANSWER midline and inverted
striae - ANSWER stretch marks
Abdominal Auscultation - ANSWER start in RLQ
note character and frequency
Normoactive bowel sounds - ANSWER 5-30 per minute ; irregularly
, high pitched , gurgle
hyperactive bowel sounds - ANSWER abnormal
loud, high-pitched signal increased motility
borborygmus - ANSWER rumbling or gurgling noise produced by the movement of gas,
fluid in gi tract
hypoactive bowel sounds - ANSWER diminished or absent bowel sounds signal
decreased motility.
absent bowel sounds - ANSWER no sounds in 5 minutes
Never palpate if... - ANSWER vascular sounds are heard
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) - ANSWER localized dilation of abdominal aorta
Light palpation of abdomen - ANSWER -Use first four fingers together
-Depress about 1 cm
-Make gentle rotary motion
-Lift fingers (don't drag) and move to next
clockwise location
-Expected finding: soft, nontender
deep palpation of abdomen - ANSWER 5-8cm
abdomen "feels the same" as soft sofa cushion
bimanual - ANSWER two-handed, deep palpation
Rebound Tenderness (Blumberg Sign) - ANSWER - Tests for appendicitis
- RLQ pain
- Press in on abdomen where there is no pain and release quick
- If they felt the pain *when you let go* then that's a positive sign.
- if no pain then it's a negative sign
costovertebral angle tenderness - ANSWER assess for nephritis (inflammation of
kidney)
Inspiratory Arrest (Murphy Sign) - ANSWER assessment of the gallbladder / cholecystitis
the bladder can hold - ANSWER 300-500 mL
elimination - ANSWER removal of waste from the body
kidneys - ANSWER filter blood and produce urine
GI tract - ANSWER removes digestive waste in the form of stool
normal urine should be - ANSWER clear , yellow, mild odor
anuria - ANSWER no urine output
polyuria - ANSWER multiple episodes of urination
Frequency - ANSWER multiple episodes of urination with little output
hesitancy - ANSWER urge to urinate exists , difficult to start stream
dysuria - ANSWER painful urination
Normal urine output - ANSWER 30 mL/hr
stool should be... - ANSWER brown and formed ; color can vary based on diet
upper Gi bleed stool color - ANSWER black and tarry ; can also be caused from iron
supplements
lower Gi bleed stool color - ANSWER bright red
Bristol Stool Chart - ANSWER normal: types 3 and 4
1 and 2 : constipation
5, 6 and 7 : diarrhea
RUQ - ANSWER right upper quadrant
RLQ - ANSWER right lower quadrant
LLQ - ANSWER left lower quadrant
LUQ - ANSWER left upper quadrant
epigastric - ANSWER above the stomach
umbilical - ANSWER around the navel
hypogastric/suprapubic - ANSWER area above the pubic bone
,Main organs in RUQ - ANSWER liver, gallbladder, duodenum
main organs in RLQ - ANSWER cecum, appendix
main organs in LLQ - ANSWER portions of small and large intestine
Main organs in LUQ - ANSWER stomach, spleen
Abdominal Subjective Data - ANSWER 1. Appetite
2. Dysphagia
3. Food intolerance
4. Abdominal pain
5. Nausea/vomiting
6. Bowel habits
7. Past abdominal history
8. Medications
9. Nutritional assessment
abdominal assessment - ANSWER inspection, auscultation, palpation
WE DONT PERCUSS
abdominal objective data - ANSWER empty bladder
supine position; knees bent
arms by side
ask about pain
palpate painful areas last
contour (abdominal inspection) - ANSWER normal: flat , rounded
abnormal: scaphoid , distended / protuberant
umbilicus - ANSWER midline and inverted
striae - ANSWER stretch marks
Abdominal Auscultation - ANSWER start in RLQ
note character and frequency
Normoactive bowel sounds - ANSWER 5-30 per minute ; irregularly
, high pitched , gurgle
hyperactive bowel sounds - ANSWER abnormal
loud, high-pitched signal increased motility
borborygmus - ANSWER rumbling or gurgling noise produced by the movement of gas,
fluid in gi tract
hypoactive bowel sounds - ANSWER diminished or absent bowel sounds signal
decreased motility.
absent bowel sounds - ANSWER no sounds in 5 minutes
Never palpate if... - ANSWER vascular sounds are heard
Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm (AAA) - ANSWER localized dilation of abdominal aorta
Light palpation of abdomen - ANSWER -Use first four fingers together
-Depress about 1 cm
-Make gentle rotary motion
-Lift fingers (don't drag) and move to next
clockwise location
-Expected finding: soft, nontender
deep palpation of abdomen - ANSWER 5-8cm
abdomen "feels the same" as soft sofa cushion
bimanual - ANSWER two-handed, deep palpation
Rebound Tenderness (Blumberg Sign) - ANSWER - Tests for appendicitis
- RLQ pain
- Press in on abdomen where there is no pain and release quick
- If they felt the pain *when you let go* then that's a positive sign.
- if no pain then it's a negative sign
costovertebral angle tenderness - ANSWER assess for nephritis (inflammation of
kidney)
Inspiratory Arrest (Murphy Sign) - ANSWER assessment of the gallbladder / cholecystitis
