Eliopoulos Chapter 17- Circulation
Questions with Complete Solutions
(Latest 2025)
An older patient who enjoys good health is experiencing a
decline in stamina despite being physically active over the
years. The nurse recognizes which age-related change as
likely affecting the patient's stamina?
A) Increased resting heart rate and blood pressure
B) Reduced heart contractility and a prolonged cardiac cycle
C) Stenosis of the aorta and decreased muscle tissue
perfusion
D) Hypotension with consequent inadequate peripheral blood
supply - Correct Answers ✅Ans: B
Feedback:
An increased time for the systole-diastole cycle and a
reduction in contractility are normal, age-related changes
that affect activity tolerance. An increased heart rate and
blood pressure would not be considered age-related changes
while aortic stenosis would be characterized as pathological
rather than normal. While many older adults experience
hypotension, this is not considered a normal age-related
change.
2. An older patient asks the nurse practitioner what measures
can be taken to maintain a healthy heart. Which regimen
should the nurse recommend to the patient?
,Eliopoulos Chapter 17- Circulation
Questions with Complete Solutions
(Latest 2025)
A) "A low-salt diet and an aspirin tablet with each meal can
promote a healthy heart."
B) "Abstaining from alcohol and limiting your use of
painkillers have a protective effect on your heart."
C) "One Tylenol tablet and a glass of red wine each day have
been shown to help prevent heart attacks."
D) "A low-dose aspirin each day and moderate use of alcohol
can help prevent cardiovascular disease." - Correct
Answers ✅Ans: D
Feedback:
Daily low-dose ASA and moderate alcohol use have been
shown to have a protective effect on the heart. Tylenol does
not have this effect, while aspirin taken with each meal would
be excessive and abstinence from alcohol is not necessary. A
low-salt diet would be beneficial but it does not need to be
eaten with an aspirin tablet with each meal.
3. An older male patient taking medication for hypertension
asks what else can be done to reduce the blood pressure.
What measures should the nurse recommend to the patient?
A) A low-fat, low-cholesterol diet
B) Deep breathing and Buerger-Allen exercises
C) Weight loss and a reduction in sodium intake
, Eliopoulos Chapter 17- Circulation
Questions with Complete Solutions
(Latest 2025)
D) Daily low-dose aspirin and one alcoholic drink daily -
Correct Answers ✅Ans: C
Feedback:
While moderate alcohol intake, low-dose ASA, and a low-fat
diet are conducive to cardiac health, weight loss and reduced
sodium intake are more specific to the management of
hypertension. Buerger-Allen exercises are used in the
management of arteriosclerosis. Deep breathing is not a
measure to specifically reduce the blood pressure.
4. An older patient who resides in an assisted living facility
experiences dizziness and lightheadedness when getting out
of bed in the morning and when standing up quickly from a
chair. Which intervention would be appropriate at this time?
A) Assess the patient's dietary and activity habits
B) Plan a weight-loss and exercise regimen together with the
patient
C) Review the medication regimen and teach appropriate
safety measures
D) Recommend the use of garlic and hawthorn berries to
address hypotension - Correct Answers ✅Ans: C
Feedback:
Hypotension is often a consequence of medications, and a
review of the patient's current medication regimen would be
indicated, along with teaching on how to avoid falls.
Questions with Complete Solutions
(Latest 2025)
An older patient who enjoys good health is experiencing a
decline in stamina despite being physically active over the
years. The nurse recognizes which age-related change as
likely affecting the patient's stamina?
A) Increased resting heart rate and blood pressure
B) Reduced heart contractility and a prolonged cardiac cycle
C) Stenosis of the aorta and decreased muscle tissue
perfusion
D) Hypotension with consequent inadequate peripheral blood
supply - Correct Answers ✅Ans: B
Feedback:
An increased time for the systole-diastole cycle and a
reduction in contractility are normal, age-related changes
that affect activity tolerance. An increased heart rate and
blood pressure would not be considered age-related changes
while aortic stenosis would be characterized as pathological
rather than normal. While many older adults experience
hypotension, this is not considered a normal age-related
change.
2. An older patient asks the nurse practitioner what measures
can be taken to maintain a healthy heart. Which regimen
should the nurse recommend to the patient?
,Eliopoulos Chapter 17- Circulation
Questions with Complete Solutions
(Latest 2025)
A) "A low-salt diet and an aspirin tablet with each meal can
promote a healthy heart."
B) "Abstaining from alcohol and limiting your use of
painkillers have a protective effect on your heart."
C) "One Tylenol tablet and a glass of red wine each day have
been shown to help prevent heart attacks."
D) "A low-dose aspirin each day and moderate use of alcohol
can help prevent cardiovascular disease." - Correct
Answers ✅Ans: D
Feedback:
Daily low-dose ASA and moderate alcohol use have been
shown to have a protective effect on the heart. Tylenol does
not have this effect, while aspirin taken with each meal would
be excessive and abstinence from alcohol is not necessary. A
low-salt diet would be beneficial but it does not need to be
eaten with an aspirin tablet with each meal.
3. An older male patient taking medication for hypertension
asks what else can be done to reduce the blood pressure.
What measures should the nurse recommend to the patient?
A) A low-fat, low-cholesterol diet
B) Deep breathing and Buerger-Allen exercises
C) Weight loss and a reduction in sodium intake
, Eliopoulos Chapter 17- Circulation
Questions with Complete Solutions
(Latest 2025)
D) Daily low-dose aspirin and one alcoholic drink daily -
Correct Answers ✅Ans: C
Feedback:
While moderate alcohol intake, low-dose ASA, and a low-fat
diet are conducive to cardiac health, weight loss and reduced
sodium intake are more specific to the management of
hypertension. Buerger-Allen exercises are used in the
management of arteriosclerosis. Deep breathing is not a
measure to specifically reduce the blood pressure.
4. An older patient who resides in an assisted living facility
experiences dizziness and lightheadedness when getting out
of bed in the morning and when standing up quickly from a
chair. Which intervention would be appropriate at this time?
A) Assess the patient's dietary and activity habits
B) Plan a weight-loss and exercise regimen together with the
patient
C) Review the medication regimen and teach appropriate
safety measures
D) Recommend the use of garlic and hawthorn berries to
address hypotension - Correct Answers ✅Ans: C
Feedback:
Hypotension is often a consequence of medications, and a
review of the patient's current medication regimen would be
indicated, along with teaching on how to avoid falls.
