Fresenius_PCT_Exam_Study_Guide
1. What are the functions of a healthy kid- remove waste products, fluid balance/elec-
ney? trolytes/acid=base, secrete erythropoietin, and
release renin
2. Which of the functions of healthy kid- removal of waste products and regulation of fluid
neys are replaced by dialysis? balance
3. What is the nephron? functional unit of the kidney that forms urine
4. What is a nephron composed of? glomerulus and renal tubule
5. Define uremia build up of harmful waste products in the blood
stream
6. Classic signs/symptoms of renal failure fluid overload, sob, hypertension, anemia, fatigue,
or uremia? weakness
7. What is the glomerular filtration rate? the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney
8. What do some patients encounter loss of control, sexual dysfunction, depression, fi-
while transitioning into dialysis? nancial concerns, altered body image concerns
9. What can cause bone disease in kidney kidneys no longer are producing calcitriol
patients?
10. Define Hemodialysis done in the outpatient setting, requires access to
the patients' blood stream, usually lasts 3-4 hours
11. Define Peritoneal Dialysis done in the patient's home, performed daily, re-
quires access to the patient's peritoneal space
(stomach lining)
12. What are the body fluid compart- intracellular, extracellular, intravascular, and inter-
ments? stitial
1/8
, 13. Define intracellular inside the cell
14. Define extracellular outside the cells
15. Define intravascular inside the blood vessels
16. Define interstital between the cells
17. What is homeostasis? steady internal state of equilibrium in the body
18. Where do we remove fluid from during intravascular cells
dialysis?
19. During an air embolism, what action do clamp the lines, turn off the blood pump, lay on
we take? their left side, trendelenburg (COLT)
20. What is dialysate composed of? bicarbonate, acid, and treated water
21. What is the order in which urine is cre- kidneys, uterers, bladder, then urethra
ated/secreted?
22. Where is urine created? the kidneys
23. What does urine pass through? the uterers
24. Where is urine stored? the bladder
25. What gets rid of the urine? the urethera
26. What can cause a clotted dialyzer? incorrect amounts of heparin, the lines being
primed at an incorrect speed
27. What is the glomerular filtration rate? volume at which the kidneys filtrate
28. What percentage of filtrate happens in 90+
stage 1 of kidney loss?
2/8
1. What are the functions of a healthy kid- remove waste products, fluid balance/elec-
ney? trolytes/acid=base, secrete erythropoietin, and
release renin
2. Which of the functions of healthy kid- removal of waste products and regulation of fluid
neys are replaced by dialysis? balance
3. What is the nephron? functional unit of the kidney that forms urine
4. What is a nephron composed of? glomerulus and renal tubule
5. Define uremia build up of harmful waste products in the blood
stream
6. Classic signs/symptoms of renal failure fluid overload, sob, hypertension, anemia, fatigue,
or uremia? weakness
7. What is the glomerular filtration rate? the flow rate of filtered fluid through the kidney
8. What do some patients encounter loss of control, sexual dysfunction, depression, fi-
while transitioning into dialysis? nancial concerns, altered body image concerns
9. What can cause bone disease in kidney kidneys no longer are producing calcitriol
patients?
10. Define Hemodialysis done in the outpatient setting, requires access to
the patients' blood stream, usually lasts 3-4 hours
11. Define Peritoneal Dialysis done in the patient's home, performed daily, re-
quires access to the patient's peritoneal space
(stomach lining)
12. What are the body fluid compart- intracellular, extracellular, intravascular, and inter-
ments? stitial
1/8
, 13. Define intracellular inside the cell
14. Define extracellular outside the cells
15. Define intravascular inside the blood vessels
16. Define interstital between the cells
17. What is homeostasis? steady internal state of equilibrium in the body
18. Where do we remove fluid from during intravascular cells
dialysis?
19. During an air embolism, what action do clamp the lines, turn off the blood pump, lay on
we take? their left side, trendelenburg (COLT)
20. What is dialysate composed of? bicarbonate, acid, and treated water
21. What is the order in which urine is cre- kidneys, uterers, bladder, then urethra
ated/secreted?
22. Where is urine created? the kidneys
23. What does urine pass through? the uterers
24. Where is urine stored? the bladder
25. What gets rid of the urine? the urethera
26. What can cause a clotted dialyzer? incorrect amounts of heparin, the lines being
primed at an incorrect speed
27. What is the glomerular filtration rate? volume at which the kidneys filtrate
28. What percentage of filtrate happens in 90+
stage 1 of kidney loss?
2/8
