Ellis & Associates Lifeguard Training Vocabulary
Questions and Answers 100% Solved
Multiple-Rescuer CPR (pg. 106: Table 11.1) ✔️✔️Performing CPR as part of a team enables
rescuers to change positions when one tires during chest compressions.
- This should be done about every two minutes to ensure that compression depth and rate are
maintained at an optimal level.
How To:
(1) One rescuer provides chest compressions and the second rescuer provides ventilations
(2) On an adult, the compression to ventilation ratio remains the same as one-rescuer CPR
which is 30:2
(3) On a child or infant, the compression to ventilation ratio changes to 15:2
(4) On an infant, the rescuer providing compressions should use two thumbs to compress the
chest, while encircling the infant's chest with both hands
Pregnancy and CPR ✔️✔️Placing a woman in the later stage of pregnancy flat on her back can
result in the weight of the fetus compromising blood flow in and out of the heart. You can
correct this by carefully moving the fetus toward the left side of the abdomen, a technique
known as left uterine displacement (LUD). Hold the fetus in this position while chest
compressions are provided by other responders.
L.U.D ✔️✔️Left uterine displacement
Circulatory Assist Devices (CADs) ✔️✔️Alternatives to conventional manual cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR).
- Designed to provide continuous maximum compression and maximum recoil helping improve
blood return to the heart while preventing rescuer fatigue.
,A.E.D ✔️✔️automated external defibrillation
The Heart's Electrical Conduction System ✔️✔️Electrical conduction system of the heart sends
the signal that results in the contraction of the chambers of the heart and the pulse that is felt.
- Pulses are generated by the heart's SA-node and AV-node
Dysrhythmias ✔️✔️When the normal electrical activity of the heart is interrupted; an electrical
disturbance.
- Can be discovered on an electrocardiogram (ECG)
There are Two of the most common life-threatening dysrhythmias:
(1) ventricular tachycardia (V-tach)
(2) ventricular fibrillation (V-fib)
Ventricular tachycardia (V-tach) ✔️✔️Causes the ventricles to beat far too fast. The chambers
cannot fill properly or pump blood effectively.
- No pulse = cardiac arrest
Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) ✔️✔️Disorganized, chaotic electrical activity that results in
quivering of the ventricles. Blood cannot be pumped out of the heart so the guest will be
pulseless.
- No pulse = cardiac arrest
Automated External Defibrillator (AED) ✔️✔️Portable electronic device applied to a guest in
cardiac arrest. It can analyze the heart rhythm and deliver an electric shock, known as
Defibrillation, to the heart of a guest to correct ventricular fibrillation or ventricular
tachycardia.
- The goal of defibrillation is to reestablish a viable heart rhythm by shutting down the heart
(asystole), enabling the heart to restart with normal electrical and mechanical function
,- records data such as the number of shocks delivered, changes in the ECG, the date, and the
time of use
"Rebooting" the Heart ✔️✔️An AED restarting the heart in the same way you would reboot a
computer when it locks up. You shut it completely down and then restart it. That's how an AED
works to "reboot" the heart.
Using an AED ✔️✔️The initial care for a guest in cardiac arrest involves giving CPR until a
defibrillator is available.
(1) turn the device on and follow the prompts
(2) Prepare the guest's chest.
> This involves removing clothing, drying the chest if
damp, and shaving any excessive hair where the
electrodes will be placed: AED will have a kit to
prepare the body with inside.
statistic ✔️✔️For every minute that defibrillation is delayed, the chance that a guest in cardiac
arrest will survive decreases 7% - 10%.
electrode pads ✔️✔️(1) Peel the protective backing off the pads and place the pads on the
chest according to the diagram on the packaging.
(2) For adults, one pad is placed just below the right collarbone.
(3) The other pad is placed on the lower left side of the chest
Follow the manufacturer's instructions for use of pediatric pads if you have these available.
(4) If advised to shock, make sure no one is in contact with the guest before the shock is
administered
If no shock is advised, it means that the AED did not find a shockable rhythm (V-fib or V-tach).
(5) Regardless of whether a "shock" or a "no shock" advisory is given, follow with 2 minutes of
CPR if the guest is in cardiac arrest
, (6) In some cases, more than one shock will be needed to correct the dysrhythmia.
(7) Two minutes of CPR should be given following every analysis or shock
If the shock is successful, the guest may begin to show signs of life.
AED Special Considerations ✔️✔️There are four special considerations to be aware of when
using an AED:
• Medication patches (nitroglycerin patches explode/light on fire)
• Children and infants
• Water
• Implanted devices
Accountable (pg. 11-12) ✔️✔️Lifeguards can be held accountable through performance
evaluations that include audits.
As an E&A lifeguard you are accountable to:
(1) Facility guests
(2) Your employer
(3) Yourself
Audit ✔️✔️Verify that lifeguards are still maintaining their test-ready commitment to their
lifeguard training.
In-Service Training ✔️✔️Intended to serve as an ongoing practice session for you to maintain
and enhance your skills learned during the original lifeguard class.
Operational Drills (this is how one is audited) ✔️✔️Lifeguard evaluations that can include the
use of people, manikins or silhouette dolls to monitor your vigilance. Some drills may also
involve scenarios where rescue skills are performed. As an E&A lifeguard, you should embrace
all opportunities to both improve and demonstrate your lifeguarding abilities.
Questions and Answers 100% Solved
Multiple-Rescuer CPR (pg. 106: Table 11.1) ✔️✔️Performing CPR as part of a team enables
rescuers to change positions when one tires during chest compressions.
- This should be done about every two minutes to ensure that compression depth and rate are
maintained at an optimal level.
How To:
(1) One rescuer provides chest compressions and the second rescuer provides ventilations
(2) On an adult, the compression to ventilation ratio remains the same as one-rescuer CPR
which is 30:2
(3) On a child or infant, the compression to ventilation ratio changes to 15:2
(4) On an infant, the rescuer providing compressions should use two thumbs to compress the
chest, while encircling the infant's chest with both hands
Pregnancy and CPR ✔️✔️Placing a woman in the later stage of pregnancy flat on her back can
result in the weight of the fetus compromising blood flow in and out of the heart. You can
correct this by carefully moving the fetus toward the left side of the abdomen, a technique
known as left uterine displacement (LUD). Hold the fetus in this position while chest
compressions are provided by other responders.
L.U.D ✔️✔️Left uterine displacement
Circulatory Assist Devices (CADs) ✔️✔️Alternatives to conventional manual cardiopulmonary
resuscitation (CPR).
- Designed to provide continuous maximum compression and maximum recoil helping improve
blood return to the heart while preventing rescuer fatigue.
,A.E.D ✔️✔️automated external defibrillation
The Heart's Electrical Conduction System ✔️✔️Electrical conduction system of the heart sends
the signal that results in the contraction of the chambers of the heart and the pulse that is felt.
- Pulses are generated by the heart's SA-node and AV-node
Dysrhythmias ✔️✔️When the normal electrical activity of the heart is interrupted; an electrical
disturbance.
- Can be discovered on an electrocardiogram (ECG)
There are Two of the most common life-threatening dysrhythmias:
(1) ventricular tachycardia (V-tach)
(2) ventricular fibrillation (V-fib)
Ventricular tachycardia (V-tach) ✔️✔️Causes the ventricles to beat far too fast. The chambers
cannot fill properly or pump blood effectively.
- No pulse = cardiac arrest
Ventricular fibrillation (V-fib) ✔️✔️Disorganized, chaotic electrical activity that results in
quivering of the ventricles. Blood cannot be pumped out of the heart so the guest will be
pulseless.
- No pulse = cardiac arrest
Automated External Defibrillator (AED) ✔️✔️Portable electronic device applied to a guest in
cardiac arrest. It can analyze the heart rhythm and deliver an electric shock, known as
Defibrillation, to the heart of a guest to correct ventricular fibrillation or ventricular
tachycardia.
- The goal of defibrillation is to reestablish a viable heart rhythm by shutting down the heart
(asystole), enabling the heart to restart with normal electrical and mechanical function
,- records data such as the number of shocks delivered, changes in the ECG, the date, and the
time of use
"Rebooting" the Heart ✔️✔️An AED restarting the heart in the same way you would reboot a
computer when it locks up. You shut it completely down and then restart it. That's how an AED
works to "reboot" the heart.
Using an AED ✔️✔️The initial care for a guest in cardiac arrest involves giving CPR until a
defibrillator is available.
(1) turn the device on and follow the prompts
(2) Prepare the guest's chest.
> This involves removing clothing, drying the chest if
damp, and shaving any excessive hair where the
electrodes will be placed: AED will have a kit to
prepare the body with inside.
statistic ✔️✔️For every minute that defibrillation is delayed, the chance that a guest in cardiac
arrest will survive decreases 7% - 10%.
electrode pads ✔️✔️(1) Peel the protective backing off the pads and place the pads on the
chest according to the diagram on the packaging.
(2) For adults, one pad is placed just below the right collarbone.
(3) The other pad is placed on the lower left side of the chest
Follow the manufacturer's instructions for use of pediatric pads if you have these available.
(4) If advised to shock, make sure no one is in contact with the guest before the shock is
administered
If no shock is advised, it means that the AED did not find a shockable rhythm (V-fib or V-tach).
(5) Regardless of whether a "shock" or a "no shock" advisory is given, follow with 2 minutes of
CPR if the guest is in cardiac arrest
, (6) In some cases, more than one shock will be needed to correct the dysrhythmia.
(7) Two minutes of CPR should be given following every analysis or shock
If the shock is successful, the guest may begin to show signs of life.
AED Special Considerations ✔️✔️There are four special considerations to be aware of when
using an AED:
• Medication patches (nitroglycerin patches explode/light on fire)
• Children and infants
• Water
• Implanted devices
Accountable (pg. 11-12) ✔️✔️Lifeguards can be held accountable through performance
evaluations that include audits.
As an E&A lifeguard you are accountable to:
(1) Facility guests
(2) Your employer
(3) Yourself
Audit ✔️✔️Verify that lifeguards are still maintaining their test-ready commitment to their
lifeguard training.
In-Service Training ✔️✔️Intended to serve as an ongoing practice session for you to maintain
and enhance your skills learned during the original lifeguard class.
Operational Drills (this is how one is audited) ✔️✔️Lifeguard evaluations that can include the
use of people, manikins or silhouette dolls to monitor your vigilance. Some drills may also
involve scenarios where rescue skills are performed. As an E&A lifeguard, you should embrace
all opportunities to both improve and demonstrate your lifeguarding abilities.
