Nur 311 Exam 2 Study Guide/Practice Questions || with
Complete Solutions.
PKU diet to follow correct answers Breast Feeding or PA+ Free Formula. Restricted PA + Intake
Throughout Life; No meat, limited fruits & vegetables, limited grains
What happens if people with PKU don't follow their diet correct answers Short Attention Span
Poor short term memory
Visual perception problems
Poor motor coordination
Mood disorders
Brain structural changes (reduced grey matter)
Safe PKU level correct answers 2-6mg/dl
PKU nursing Considerations correct answers Assist with testing
Teach parents about diet and need for follow up blood levels throughout life
Child may have trouble adhering to diet as ages
Provide emotional support
Genetic counseling
What kind of diet should a child with Galactosemia Follow correct answers lactose free diet; soy
formula
Calcium supplementation.
Dark green leafy green veggies are good
Can galactosemia breastfeed? correct answers NO!!! AVOID!!! Need soy formula and calcium
supplementation
Long-term consequences if diet not followed for galactosemia correct answers learning
disabilities, lower IQs, short attention span, behavior problems
Clinical Manifestations of galactosemia correct answers vomiting, weight loss, jaundice
(hepatomegaly), lethargy, hypotonia, cataracts (galactose accumulation)
When should growth hormone be given? correct answers NIGHT TIME!!! Sub Q injections
given @ night 5x a week. Is stopped once when child is where they are supposed to be height
wise.
Realistic expectations for Growth hormone correct answers Growth hormone will only make
them grow to what they were supposed to grow. So giving it to them won't make them a 7'0
Center for UK.
Nursing considerations for Growth Hormone therapy correct answers serial blood draws q 30
minutes for 3-hours following stimulation with insulin or glycogen.
,Treat with chronological age not developmental age
Incomplete puberty correct answers Premature thelarche
Premature pubarche
What is considered True or complete precocious puberty correct answers When Puberty
HAPPENS EARLY!!!
What drug is for Precocious puberty correct answers Lupron. Slows prepubertal growth to
normal rates
Given IM monthly
When to Stop Lupron Treatment correct answers Treatment is discontinued at age for normal
pubertal changes to resume
Precocious Puberty correct answers a condition in which puberty begins before the age of 8 in
girls and 9 in boys. Testicular enlargement in boys and breast enlargement in girls 1st sign
What drug is used for Treatment of CAH correct answers Cortisone to suppress abnormally high
secretion of ACTH for LIFE. Reconstructive surgery as required.
What is something a person with CAH should always be wearing? correct answers Medical alert
Bracelet
Detection of CAH in males correct answers precocious genital development
Detection of CAH in females correct answers -Enlarged clitoris appears as a small phallus
-Fused labia produce saclike structure without testes
-Internal female sexual organs are intact
Diagnostic Evaluation for CAH correct answers -Ultrasonography to visualize pelvic organs
-Chromosome typing for positive sex determination and to rule out any other genetic anomalies
Teaching for CAH correct answers Teach parents signs and symptoms of dehydration and salt-
losing crises. Have injectable hydrocortisone available and teach how to use it. MONITOR FOR
HYPONATREMIC DEHYDRATION!!!
Nursing considerations for CAH correct answers Hyponatremic dehydration for CAH most at
risk, sodium less than 135, blood sugar drops, do an ultra sound for gender, genetics for CAH
status, always have to have cortisol replacement.
what medication is for hypothyroidism correct answers Levothyroxine (Synthroid) - take in the
AM. Needs to be crushed but can not be given in soy based formula. Keep out of sun. May
administer in increasing amounts over 4 to 8 weeks to reach euthyroidism. Too much will lead to
hyperthyroidism
,Goiter correct answers Hypertrophy of the thyroid gland. Occurs with hypothyroidism.
Congenital cause harms the airway of newborn and results from maternal ingestion of antithyroid
drugs during pregnancy.
Juvenile Hypothyroidism correct answers Congenital hypothyroidism is the major cause of
childhood mental retardation. Everything Slows down!!!
problems with miss diagnosis for hypothyroidism correct answers Missed or delayed diagnosis
may lead to mental defects
Signs & Symptoms Hypothyroidism (congenital) correct answers EVERYTHING SLOWS
DOWN!!!
Hypothermia
Large protruding tongue
Short, thick neck,
Delayed dentition
Hypotonia
Poor feeding
Prolonged jaundice
Constipation
Clinical Manifestations Hypothyroidism (acquired) correct answers EVERYTHING SLOWS
DOWN!!!
Decreased growth
Myxedema (dry skin, puffiness around eyes, sparse hair)
Sleepiness
Goiter
Altered body proportions; short stature, legs proportionately short compared to trunk
Hyperthyroidism (Graves Disease) correct answers Most common in females 12-14
Everything is sped up*
T3 and T4 increased and TSH is down
CM of Hyperthyroidism (Graves Disease) correct answers Everything speeds up- imagine fight
or flight response all the time. Adrenaline rush!! Manifestations develop gradually, often over 6
to 12 months
When should you stop meds for Hyperthyroidism correct answers Stop medication and need to
be put in isolation if allergic such as sore throat and fever
How long to see results for anti-thyroid drugs for Graves disease correct answers 2 weeks in
order to see results for anti-thyroid drugs. Propylthiouracil (PTU)
Methimazole (MTZ, Tapazole)
Complete remission for most kids within 1-2 years of medication treatment
, Ablation with radioiodine concern correct answers result will be hypothyroidism
can kids with graves disease handle extra stress correct answers NO!!! Don't add stress to these
kids. Such as physical activity, decrease it
Nursing Considerations (Hyperthyroidism) correct answers Identification (bracelet, Necklace)
High calorie, nutritious diet
Drugs to treat thyroid storm correct answers Antithyroid drugs
Propranolol
Developmental Issues with Diabetes Management; Toddler (1-3 years) correct answers Let
toddler scrub hub with alcohol, or put strip in machine. Toddlers can go days without eating,
Even though not eating still need insulin. Just not using carbs in the equation.
Developmental Issues with Diabetes Management; Preschool (3-6 years) correct answers -
Reassure not being punished.
-Let them take part in activities.. They like gadgets and they like to please adults so let them
gather supplies, put the meter together.
-Report to teach lows and what to eat when feel that way
Developmental Issues with Diabetes Management; School Age (6-12 years) correct answers -All
Activities must be supervised
-Educate school personnel about diabetes
-Encourage extra-curricular activities and participation in social groups
-11-12 year olds able to perform an occasional injection
-For low BS Don't have to have something with fat in it, avoid chocolate, messes up the
mechanisms of allowing the insulin to spike
Diabetes Med Math correct answers Insulin to CHO ratio: 1:10
Correction Factor: 1:50>150mg/dl
BS: 210
CHO: 60
210-150 = 60 . 60 60/50= 1.2 (BS)
60/10=6 (CHO)
6+1.2=7.2
Syringe give 7, pump give 7.2
CAN ONLY GIVE WHOLE NUMBER IN SYRINGE AND EXACT AMOUNT ON PUMP
Complete Solutions.
PKU diet to follow correct answers Breast Feeding or PA+ Free Formula. Restricted PA + Intake
Throughout Life; No meat, limited fruits & vegetables, limited grains
What happens if people with PKU don't follow their diet correct answers Short Attention Span
Poor short term memory
Visual perception problems
Poor motor coordination
Mood disorders
Brain structural changes (reduced grey matter)
Safe PKU level correct answers 2-6mg/dl
PKU nursing Considerations correct answers Assist with testing
Teach parents about diet and need for follow up blood levels throughout life
Child may have trouble adhering to diet as ages
Provide emotional support
Genetic counseling
What kind of diet should a child with Galactosemia Follow correct answers lactose free diet; soy
formula
Calcium supplementation.
Dark green leafy green veggies are good
Can galactosemia breastfeed? correct answers NO!!! AVOID!!! Need soy formula and calcium
supplementation
Long-term consequences if diet not followed for galactosemia correct answers learning
disabilities, lower IQs, short attention span, behavior problems
Clinical Manifestations of galactosemia correct answers vomiting, weight loss, jaundice
(hepatomegaly), lethargy, hypotonia, cataracts (galactose accumulation)
When should growth hormone be given? correct answers NIGHT TIME!!! Sub Q injections
given @ night 5x a week. Is stopped once when child is where they are supposed to be height
wise.
Realistic expectations for Growth hormone correct answers Growth hormone will only make
them grow to what they were supposed to grow. So giving it to them won't make them a 7'0
Center for UK.
Nursing considerations for Growth Hormone therapy correct answers serial blood draws q 30
minutes for 3-hours following stimulation with insulin or glycogen.
,Treat with chronological age not developmental age
Incomplete puberty correct answers Premature thelarche
Premature pubarche
What is considered True or complete precocious puberty correct answers When Puberty
HAPPENS EARLY!!!
What drug is for Precocious puberty correct answers Lupron. Slows prepubertal growth to
normal rates
Given IM monthly
When to Stop Lupron Treatment correct answers Treatment is discontinued at age for normal
pubertal changes to resume
Precocious Puberty correct answers a condition in which puberty begins before the age of 8 in
girls and 9 in boys. Testicular enlargement in boys and breast enlargement in girls 1st sign
What drug is used for Treatment of CAH correct answers Cortisone to suppress abnormally high
secretion of ACTH for LIFE. Reconstructive surgery as required.
What is something a person with CAH should always be wearing? correct answers Medical alert
Bracelet
Detection of CAH in males correct answers precocious genital development
Detection of CAH in females correct answers -Enlarged clitoris appears as a small phallus
-Fused labia produce saclike structure without testes
-Internal female sexual organs are intact
Diagnostic Evaluation for CAH correct answers -Ultrasonography to visualize pelvic organs
-Chromosome typing for positive sex determination and to rule out any other genetic anomalies
Teaching for CAH correct answers Teach parents signs and symptoms of dehydration and salt-
losing crises. Have injectable hydrocortisone available and teach how to use it. MONITOR FOR
HYPONATREMIC DEHYDRATION!!!
Nursing considerations for CAH correct answers Hyponatremic dehydration for CAH most at
risk, sodium less than 135, blood sugar drops, do an ultra sound for gender, genetics for CAH
status, always have to have cortisol replacement.
what medication is for hypothyroidism correct answers Levothyroxine (Synthroid) - take in the
AM. Needs to be crushed but can not be given in soy based formula. Keep out of sun. May
administer in increasing amounts over 4 to 8 weeks to reach euthyroidism. Too much will lead to
hyperthyroidism
,Goiter correct answers Hypertrophy of the thyroid gland. Occurs with hypothyroidism.
Congenital cause harms the airway of newborn and results from maternal ingestion of antithyroid
drugs during pregnancy.
Juvenile Hypothyroidism correct answers Congenital hypothyroidism is the major cause of
childhood mental retardation. Everything Slows down!!!
problems with miss diagnosis for hypothyroidism correct answers Missed or delayed diagnosis
may lead to mental defects
Signs & Symptoms Hypothyroidism (congenital) correct answers EVERYTHING SLOWS
DOWN!!!
Hypothermia
Large protruding tongue
Short, thick neck,
Delayed dentition
Hypotonia
Poor feeding
Prolonged jaundice
Constipation
Clinical Manifestations Hypothyroidism (acquired) correct answers EVERYTHING SLOWS
DOWN!!!
Decreased growth
Myxedema (dry skin, puffiness around eyes, sparse hair)
Sleepiness
Goiter
Altered body proportions; short stature, legs proportionately short compared to trunk
Hyperthyroidism (Graves Disease) correct answers Most common in females 12-14
Everything is sped up*
T3 and T4 increased and TSH is down
CM of Hyperthyroidism (Graves Disease) correct answers Everything speeds up- imagine fight
or flight response all the time. Adrenaline rush!! Manifestations develop gradually, often over 6
to 12 months
When should you stop meds for Hyperthyroidism correct answers Stop medication and need to
be put in isolation if allergic such as sore throat and fever
How long to see results for anti-thyroid drugs for Graves disease correct answers 2 weeks in
order to see results for anti-thyroid drugs. Propylthiouracil (PTU)
Methimazole (MTZ, Tapazole)
Complete remission for most kids within 1-2 years of medication treatment
, Ablation with radioiodine concern correct answers result will be hypothyroidism
can kids with graves disease handle extra stress correct answers NO!!! Don't add stress to these
kids. Such as physical activity, decrease it
Nursing Considerations (Hyperthyroidism) correct answers Identification (bracelet, Necklace)
High calorie, nutritious diet
Drugs to treat thyroid storm correct answers Antithyroid drugs
Propranolol
Developmental Issues with Diabetes Management; Toddler (1-3 years) correct answers Let
toddler scrub hub with alcohol, or put strip in machine. Toddlers can go days without eating,
Even though not eating still need insulin. Just not using carbs in the equation.
Developmental Issues with Diabetes Management; Preschool (3-6 years) correct answers -
Reassure not being punished.
-Let them take part in activities.. They like gadgets and they like to please adults so let them
gather supplies, put the meter together.
-Report to teach lows and what to eat when feel that way
Developmental Issues with Diabetes Management; School Age (6-12 years) correct answers -All
Activities must be supervised
-Educate school personnel about diabetes
-Encourage extra-curricular activities and participation in social groups
-11-12 year olds able to perform an occasional injection
-For low BS Don't have to have something with fat in it, avoid chocolate, messes up the
mechanisms of allowing the insulin to spike
Diabetes Med Math correct answers Insulin to CHO ratio: 1:10
Correction Factor: 1:50>150mg/dl
BS: 210
CHO: 60
210-150 = 60 . 60 60/50= 1.2 (BS)
60/10=6 (CHO)
6+1.2=7.2
Syringe give 7, pump give 7.2
CAN ONLY GIVE WHOLE NUMBER IN SYRINGE AND EXACT AMOUNT ON PUMP
