Immune Lecture - NUR 172 questions with verified
answers
*adaptive* (Specific) immunity (IMMUNE SYSTEM)
*Third line of defense:* Ans✓✓✓ - lymphocytes
- antibodies
** t-cells
** b-cells
this is the memory key chain of our immune system
*Anaphylaxis:* Signs/Symptoms Ans✓✓✓ *cardio*
rapid, weak pulse, loss of consciousness, dysrhythmia, shock, cardiac arrest,
tachycardia, tachypnea, massive BP drop
*Respiratory distress* wheezing, hoarse, stridor in upper airway,
*other*
increased anxiety, itching, hives, swelling of eyes, lips, tongue, larynx
*Anaphylaxis*: Nursing Interventions Ans✓✓✓ - Start ER airway management
=>intubate early to protect airway, **possible bedside trach
- SQ or IV epi, or epi in an SVN
- Antihistamines (diphenhydramine)
- Corticosteroids (solumedrol)
- Provide O2
- Monitor BP to prevent shock
,*innate* (nonspecific) immunity Ans✓✓✓ General, non-specific protection to the
body including:
- skin (barrier)
- gastric acid
- phagocytes
- lysozyme
- complement.
3 types of autoimmune disorders: Ans✓✓✓ - Cytotoxic (*Type II*)
- Immune complex (*Type III*)
- Cell-mediated (*Type IV*)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Ans✓✓✓ Diagnostic CDC criteria
- CD4+ T cell count below 200 cells/μl
OR
- Specific opportunistic infection or cancer
active artificial Ans✓✓✓ -vaccination
**live, killed, purified antigen vaccine
active natural Ans✓✓✓ -clinical
-sub-clinical infection
ex) *b-cell and t-cell activation* (from the key chain of immunity)
AGING AND IMMUNE FUNCTION Ans✓✓✓ - Decreased T cell activity
, - Decreased production of specific antibodies
- Decrease in circulating memory B cells
- Increase in circulating antigen-antibody complexes
- Increase in circulating autoantibodies
Anaphylactic shock Ans✓✓✓ *Massive drop in blood pressure.* Can be fatal in
minutes
angioedema Ans✓✓✓ subcutaneous swelling
-allergic reaction
antigens that are *pathogens* Ans✓✓✓ -bacterial
-fungi
-parasites
-viruses
-cancer cells
ARV Ans✓✓✓ - Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
- Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
- Protease Inhibitors
- Fusion or Entry Inhibitors
- Integrase Inhibitors
Autoimmune Disease: *causes* Ans✓✓✓ - Genetic predisposition
answers
*adaptive* (Specific) immunity (IMMUNE SYSTEM)
*Third line of defense:* Ans✓✓✓ - lymphocytes
- antibodies
** t-cells
** b-cells
this is the memory key chain of our immune system
*Anaphylaxis:* Signs/Symptoms Ans✓✓✓ *cardio*
rapid, weak pulse, loss of consciousness, dysrhythmia, shock, cardiac arrest,
tachycardia, tachypnea, massive BP drop
*Respiratory distress* wheezing, hoarse, stridor in upper airway,
*other*
increased anxiety, itching, hives, swelling of eyes, lips, tongue, larynx
*Anaphylaxis*: Nursing Interventions Ans✓✓✓ - Start ER airway management
=>intubate early to protect airway, **possible bedside trach
- SQ or IV epi, or epi in an SVN
- Antihistamines (diphenhydramine)
- Corticosteroids (solumedrol)
- Provide O2
- Monitor BP to prevent shock
,*innate* (nonspecific) immunity Ans✓✓✓ General, non-specific protection to the
body including:
- skin (barrier)
- gastric acid
- phagocytes
- lysozyme
- complement.
3 types of autoimmune disorders: Ans✓✓✓ - Cytotoxic (*Type II*)
- Immune complex (*Type III*)
- Cell-mediated (*Type IV*)
Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) Ans✓✓✓ Diagnostic CDC criteria
- CD4+ T cell count below 200 cells/μl
OR
- Specific opportunistic infection or cancer
active artificial Ans✓✓✓ -vaccination
**live, killed, purified antigen vaccine
active natural Ans✓✓✓ -clinical
-sub-clinical infection
ex) *b-cell and t-cell activation* (from the key chain of immunity)
AGING AND IMMUNE FUNCTION Ans✓✓✓ - Decreased T cell activity
, - Decreased production of specific antibodies
- Decrease in circulating memory B cells
- Increase in circulating antigen-antibody complexes
- Increase in circulating autoantibodies
Anaphylactic shock Ans✓✓✓ *Massive drop in blood pressure.* Can be fatal in
minutes
angioedema Ans✓✓✓ subcutaneous swelling
-allergic reaction
antigens that are *pathogens* Ans✓✓✓ -bacterial
-fungi
-parasites
-viruses
-cancer cells
ARV Ans✓✓✓ - Nucleoside/Nucleotide Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
- Non-Nucleoside Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors
- Protease Inhibitors
- Fusion or Entry Inhibitors
- Integrase Inhibitors
Autoimmune Disease: *causes* Ans✓✓✓ - Genetic predisposition
