D119 Final Exam Questions And Already
Passed Answers.
Aphthous Ulcers (Canker sores) - Answer
Benign Migratory Glossitis - Answer
Diastema - Answer A space between two teeth
Gingival Hyperplasia - Answer
Mucocele - Answer he individual should be referred to an oral surgeon for surgical excision
(Fig 23.10).
Pericoronitis - Answer inflammation around the crown of a partially erupted tooth
Ranula - Answer . The cyst should be excised by an oral surgeon
During a well-child assessment of an 18-month-old child, you observe that the child points to a
picture of a dog and says, "Want puppy!"
What type of speech is this an example of?
Telegraphic
Receptive
Semantic
Holographic - Answer Correct! Syntax (the structure of words in sentences or phrases) is
developed in stages between the ages of eight months and three and a half years. Telegraphic
speech begins at about 18 months of age when children speak in phrases with many words
omitted, so that the sentence sounds like a telegram. Holographic speech is the use of a single
word to express a complete idea. Receptive speech refers to the ability to understand a word
without necessarily being able to use the word. Semantics is the understanding that words have
specific meanings.
While you are discussing anticipatory guidance with the mother of a 12-month-old, the child
repeatedly pulls objects out of the mother's purse. Each time, the mother slaps the child's
,Keep her purse up high and out of the child's reach.
Use time-out each time the child gets into the purse.
Say "No!" instead of slapping the child's hands. - Answer Correct! Parents should provide a
developmentally appropriate environment to minimize children's misbehavior. Children at this
age are naturally curious and will explore the environment, seeking out objects within their
reach. It is easier to put the purse out of reach than to repeatedly say, "No." Putting acceptable
objects in her purse only reinforces the undesired behavior of getting things out of the mother's
purse.
During a newborn wellness visit, the priority is to attend to the concerns of the parent.
True
False - Answer Correct! Newborns present a challenge to all parents, and understanding how
the parents are accepting and caring for their newborn is paramount to the child's growth and
development. When you evaluate all aspects of parental understanding regarding care of the
newborn, you have the opportunity to educate and intervene as needed. Including the parents
in the wellness examination also sets the stage for upcoming wellness visits and ensures an
understanding of wellness importance.
You conduct a well-baby examination on an infant and note mild gross motor delays but no
delays in other areas.
What should be your initial course of action?
Teach the parents to provide exercises to encourage motor development.
Prepare the parents for a potentially serious developmental disorder.
Refer the infant to an early intervention program for physical therapy.
Consult a developmental specialist for a complete evaluation. - Answer Correct! A child who
has mild delays in only one area may be managed initially by having the parent provide
appropriate exercises. If this is not effective, or if delays become more severe, referrals for
evaluation or early intervention services are warranted. A mild delay does not necessarily signal
a serious disorder.
As you begin a well-child visit on a 12-month-old infant, you observe the child pull himself up
using the chair for support and to "cruise." You note the child has a stepping gait in which the
whole leg is raised at the hip to ensure adequate ground clearance.
What is the appropriate course of action for you to take?
Refer the infant to a pediatric orthopedist.
Perform a comprehensive history and physical, with special attention to musculoskeletal and
neurologic systems.
,It is important for you to assess a family's beliefs on infant sleeping habits. Doing so will help
ensure the family heeds your direction regarding a patient's sleep. What are some families'
erroneous beliefs about infant sleeping?
Using a family bed
Providing a safe sleep environment
Placing children on their back to sleep
Using a new crib - Answer Correct! In some cultures, a family bed is the norm. Ensure parents
understand the importance of infants sleeping in their own beds to help prevent injury and
death from parents rolling onto or smothering the child during sleep. Providing a safe area for
children to sleep and avoiding a family bed entirely improves sleeping safety for children.
The parent of a newborn infant asks you when the parent should intervene to help the infant's
future intellectual growth.
What should you tell the parent?
Preschool is an optimal time to begin general learning.
Language and literacy skills begin at birth.
Intellectual growth begins when speech develops.
Cognitive learning begins during the toddler years. - Answer Correct! Talking to, reading to,
playing with, and interacting with a child are some of the most important things a parent can do
to enhance and stimulate intellectual growth. Intellectual learning begins long before preschool.
Waiting until preschool may produce a delay in the child's development. Children absorb
information from birth, and learning occurs before speech. Intellectual development begins at
birth and long before toddler years.
You are examining a 12-month-old infant who was six weeks premature. You observe that the
infant uses a raking motion to pick up small objects. The Parents' Evaluation of Developmental
Status (PEDS) questionnaire completed by the parent did not indicate significant developmental
delays.
What should you do first?
Refer the infant to a developmental specialist.
Suggest activities to improve fine motor skills.
Perform an in-depth developmental assessment.
Reassure the parent that this is normal for a premature infant. - Answer Correct! To fully
understand the developmental stage of your patient, you must do a full assessment. This may or
may not be normal behavior. You will not know for certain without a full evaluation. If
abnormalities are found during the full assessment, a referral would be appropriate. A full
, During an assessment of a four-week-old infant, you learn that the breastfed infant nurses every
two hours during the day but is able to sleep for a four-hour period during the night. The infant
has gained 20 grams per day since last seen in the clinic.
What should you recommend to the parent?
Continue to nurse the infant using the current pattern
Nurse the infant for longer periods every four hours
Supplement with formula at the last nighttime feeding
Wake the infant every two hours to nurse during the night - Answer Correct! Infants who are
encouraged to breastfeed every two to three hours may have one longer stretch of four hours at
night without a feeding. This infant is gaining between 0.5 and one gram per day, which is
appropriate. It is not necessary to alter the pattern of nursing or to supplement with formula.
The mother of a six-week-old breastfeeding infant tells you that her baby, who previously had
bowel movements with each feeding, now has a bowel movement only once every third day.
What should you tell her?
This change may be related to the baby's dietary intake.
The baby should consume more water.
The baby is probably constipated.
This change may be normal for breastfed babies. - Answer Correct! Infants begin to have fewer
bowel movements. These bowel movements may range from once or twice daily to once every
other day when breastfeeding. Unless there are other signs, the baby is probably not
constipated. The mother does not need to change the baby's intake of foods or water unless
constipation is present.qq
During a well-child assessment of an 18-month-old child, you observe the child becoming
irritable and uncooperative. The parent tells the child to stop fussing.
What should you do?
Offer the child a book or toy.
Allow the parent to put the child in a time-out.
Stop the examination because the child is having a meltdown.
Ask the parent about usual discipline practices. - Answer Correct! Children of this age require
frequent entertainment and interaction. It is normal for a child to become fussy during an
assessment that requires the child to remain still for a time, and this is an opportunity for
parental education. Educate the parent that providing easy toys for entertainment will be more
effective than discipline. The child is not misbehaving but needs a diversion. Providing a
diversion through toys or other entertainment will help diffuse the situation.
Passed Answers.
Aphthous Ulcers (Canker sores) - Answer
Benign Migratory Glossitis - Answer
Diastema - Answer A space between two teeth
Gingival Hyperplasia - Answer
Mucocele - Answer he individual should be referred to an oral surgeon for surgical excision
(Fig 23.10).
Pericoronitis - Answer inflammation around the crown of a partially erupted tooth
Ranula - Answer . The cyst should be excised by an oral surgeon
During a well-child assessment of an 18-month-old child, you observe that the child points to a
picture of a dog and says, "Want puppy!"
What type of speech is this an example of?
Telegraphic
Receptive
Semantic
Holographic - Answer Correct! Syntax (the structure of words in sentences or phrases) is
developed in stages between the ages of eight months and three and a half years. Telegraphic
speech begins at about 18 months of age when children speak in phrases with many words
omitted, so that the sentence sounds like a telegram. Holographic speech is the use of a single
word to express a complete idea. Receptive speech refers to the ability to understand a word
without necessarily being able to use the word. Semantics is the understanding that words have
specific meanings.
While you are discussing anticipatory guidance with the mother of a 12-month-old, the child
repeatedly pulls objects out of the mother's purse. Each time, the mother slaps the child's
,Keep her purse up high and out of the child's reach.
Use time-out each time the child gets into the purse.
Say "No!" instead of slapping the child's hands. - Answer Correct! Parents should provide a
developmentally appropriate environment to minimize children's misbehavior. Children at this
age are naturally curious and will explore the environment, seeking out objects within their
reach. It is easier to put the purse out of reach than to repeatedly say, "No." Putting acceptable
objects in her purse only reinforces the undesired behavior of getting things out of the mother's
purse.
During a newborn wellness visit, the priority is to attend to the concerns of the parent.
True
False - Answer Correct! Newborns present a challenge to all parents, and understanding how
the parents are accepting and caring for their newborn is paramount to the child's growth and
development. When you evaluate all aspects of parental understanding regarding care of the
newborn, you have the opportunity to educate and intervene as needed. Including the parents
in the wellness examination also sets the stage for upcoming wellness visits and ensures an
understanding of wellness importance.
You conduct a well-baby examination on an infant and note mild gross motor delays but no
delays in other areas.
What should be your initial course of action?
Teach the parents to provide exercises to encourage motor development.
Prepare the parents for a potentially serious developmental disorder.
Refer the infant to an early intervention program for physical therapy.
Consult a developmental specialist for a complete evaluation. - Answer Correct! A child who
has mild delays in only one area may be managed initially by having the parent provide
appropriate exercises. If this is not effective, or if delays become more severe, referrals for
evaluation or early intervention services are warranted. A mild delay does not necessarily signal
a serious disorder.
As you begin a well-child visit on a 12-month-old infant, you observe the child pull himself up
using the chair for support and to "cruise." You note the child has a stepping gait in which the
whole leg is raised at the hip to ensure adequate ground clearance.
What is the appropriate course of action for you to take?
Refer the infant to a pediatric orthopedist.
Perform a comprehensive history and physical, with special attention to musculoskeletal and
neurologic systems.
,It is important for you to assess a family's beliefs on infant sleeping habits. Doing so will help
ensure the family heeds your direction regarding a patient's sleep. What are some families'
erroneous beliefs about infant sleeping?
Using a family bed
Providing a safe sleep environment
Placing children on their back to sleep
Using a new crib - Answer Correct! In some cultures, a family bed is the norm. Ensure parents
understand the importance of infants sleeping in their own beds to help prevent injury and
death from parents rolling onto or smothering the child during sleep. Providing a safe area for
children to sleep and avoiding a family bed entirely improves sleeping safety for children.
The parent of a newborn infant asks you when the parent should intervene to help the infant's
future intellectual growth.
What should you tell the parent?
Preschool is an optimal time to begin general learning.
Language and literacy skills begin at birth.
Intellectual growth begins when speech develops.
Cognitive learning begins during the toddler years. - Answer Correct! Talking to, reading to,
playing with, and interacting with a child are some of the most important things a parent can do
to enhance and stimulate intellectual growth. Intellectual learning begins long before preschool.
Waiting until preschool may produce a delay in the child's development. Children absorb
information from birth, and learning occurs before speech. Intellectual development begins at
birth and long before toddler years.
You are examining a 12-month-old infant who was six weeks premature. You observe that the
infant uses a raking motion to pick up small objects. The Parents' Evaluation of Developmental
Status (PEDS) questionnaire completed by the parent did not indicate significant developmental
delays.
What should you do first?
Refer the infant to a developmental specialist.
Suggest activities to improve fine motor skills.
Perform an in-depth developmental assessment.
Reassure the parent that this is normal for a premature infant. - Answer Correct! To fully
understand the developmental stage of your patient, you must do a full assessment. This may or
may not be normal behavior. You will not know for certain without a full evaluation. If
abnormalities are found during the full assessment, a referral would be appropriate. A full
, During an assessment of a four-week-old infant, you learn that the breastfed infant nurses every
two hours during the day but is able to sleep for a four-hour period during the night. The infant
has gained 20 grams per day since last seen in the clinic.
What should you recommend to the parent?
Continue to nurse the infant using the current pattern
Nurse the infant for longer periods every four hours
Supplement with formula at the last nighttime feeding
Wake the infant every two hours to nurse during the night - Answer Correct! Infants who are
encouraged to breastfeed every two to three hours may have one longer stretch of four hours at
night without a feeding. This infant is gaining between 0.5 and one gram per day, which is
appropriate. It is not necessary to alter the pattern of nursing or to supplement with formula.
The mother of a six-week-old breastfeeding infant tells you that her baby, who previously had
bowel movements with each feeding, now has a bowel movement only once every third day.
What should you tell her?
This change may be related to the baby's dietary intake.
The baby should consume more water.
The baby is probably constipated.
This change may be normal for breastfed babies. - Answer Correct! Infants begin to have fewer
bowel movements. These bowel movements may range from once or twice daily to once every
other day when breastfeeding. Unless there are other signs, the baby is probably not
constipated. The mother does not need to change the baby's intake of foods or water unless
constipation is present.qq
During a well-child assessment of an 18-month-old child, you observe the child becoming
irritable and uncooperative. The parent tells the child to stop fussing.
What should you do?
Offer the child a book or toy.
Allow the parent to put the child in a time-out.
Stop the examination because the child is having a meltdown.
Ask the parent about usual discipline practices. - Answer Correct! Children of this age require
frequent entertainment and interaction. It is normal for a child to become fussy during an
assessment that requires the child to remain still for a time, and this is an opportunity for
parental education. Educate the parent that providing easy toys for entertainment will be more
effective than discipline. The child is not misbehaving but needs a diversion. Providing a
diversion through toys or other entertainment will help diffuse the situation.
