Biology 109 Unit 4 Exam Study Guide Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Which one of the following is not an advantage of chemical messengers over electrical signals? -
CORRECT ANSWER - chemical molecules initiate faster responses
In this type of signaling, secreted molecules diffuses locally and trigger a response in the cells
that secrete them. - CORRECT ANSWER - autocrine
Synthesized in the hypothalamus, these hormones travel along the extended axons of
neurosecretory cells to the posterior pituitary. - CORRECT ANSWER - ADH and oxytocin
A form of asexual reproduction in which the egg develops without being fertilized. - CORRECT
ANSWER - parthenogenesis
Conveys the egg that is released by the ovary to uterus - CORRECT ANSWER - oviduct
The thick, yellowish and alkaline fluid produced by these accessory glands constitutes
approximately 60% of the volume of semen. - CORRECT ANSWER - seminal vesicles
The hypothalamic hormone that stimulates hormone secretion by the anterior pituitary gland -
CORRECT ANSWER - GnRH
The movement of the membrane potential from a value of -70 mV to a value of -80mV would be
termed a(n) - CORRECT ANSWER - hyperpolarization
The reason that the resting membrane potential of a neuron is closer to Ek than to Ena is that the
membrane has - CORRECT ANSWER - more open K+ channels than Na+ channels
,Threshold stimuli are those which are strong enough to - CORRECT ANSWER - cause a
net influx of positively charged Na+ ions from outside to inside the cell
In a simple synapse, neurotransmitter chemicals are released by the - CORRECT
ANSWER - presynaptic membrane
myelinate axons in the CNS - CORRECT ANSWER - oligodendrocytes
produce the myelin sheaths that surround axons in the PNS - CORRECT ANSWER -
Schwann cells
immune cells in the CNS that protect against pathogens - CORRECT ANSWER -
microglia
participate in formation of the blood-brain barrier - CORRECT ANSWER - astrocytes
The division of the nervous system that have antagonistic or opposing actions are? - CORRECT
ANSWER - sympathetic and parasympathetic
Which area of the brain is most intimately associated with the unconscious control of respiration
and circulation? - CORRECT ANSWER - medulla
What do Wernicke's and Broca's regions of the brain affect? - CORRECT ANSWER -
speech
If someone said to you that a particular hormone utilizes a G protein-coupled receptor in its
signal transduction pathway, you would know that the hormone - CORRECT ANSWER -
has receptors on the cell surface
The different effect of the hormone epinephrine on the blood vessels of the intestines and skeletal
muscle involve - CORRECT ANSWER - different signal transduction pathways
, different receptors for the hormone
Which of the following statements comparing water-soluble and lipid-soluble hormones is
FALSE? - CORRECT ANSWER - only lipid-soluble hormones bind to a receptor protein
to initiate their response
Which of the following hormones has a nontropic effect only? - CORRECT ANSWER -
prolactin
In the thyroid hormone cascade pathway, thyroid hormone exerts negative feedback on the -
CORRECT ANSWER - hypothalamus
anteriori pituitary
Releasing and inhibiting hormones secreted by nerve cells of the _______ regulate hormones
released by the _____ - CORRECT ANSWER - hypothalamus, anterior pituitary
Metamorphosis in the caterpillar is determined by? - CORRECT ANSWER - low JH levels
A disease that destroys the adrenal cortex should lead to an increase in the plasma levels of? -
CORRECT ANSWER - adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Sexual reproduction - CORRECT ANSWER - can produce diverse phenotypes that may
enhance survival of a population in a changing environment
Which of the following statements comparing spermatogenesis and oogenesis is (are) TRUE? -
CORRECT ANSWER - spermatogenesis, including the mitotic divisions of stem cells,
occurs throughout adolescence and adulthood
Human sperm cells first arise in the - CORRECT ANSWER - seminiferous tubules
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Which one of the following is not an advantage of chemical messengers over electrical signals? -
CORRECT ANSWER - chemical molecules initiate faster responses
In this type of signaling, secreted molecules diffuses locally and trigger a response in the cells
that secrete them. - CORRECT ANSWER - autocrine
Synthesized in the hypothalamus, these hormones travel along the extended axons of
neurosecretory cells to the posterior pituitary. - CORRECT ANSWER - ADH and oxytocin
A form of asexual reproduction in which the egg develops without being fertilized. - CORRECT
ANSWER - parthenogenesis
Conveys the egg that is released by the ovary to uterus - CORRECT ANSWER - oviduct
The thick, yellowish and alkaline fluid produced by these accessory glands constitutes
approximately 60% of the volume of semen. - CORRECT ANSWER - seminal vesicles
The hypothalamic hormone that stimulates hormone secretion by the anterior pituitary gland -
CORRECT ANSWER - GnRH
The movement of the membrane potential from a value of -70 mV to a value of -80mV would be
termed a(n) - CORRECT ANSWER - hyperpolarization
The reason that the resting membrane potential of a neuron is closer to Ek than to Ena is that the
membrane has - CORRECT ANSWER - more open K+ channels than Na+ channels
,Threshold stimuli are those which are strong enough to - CORRECT ANSWER - cause a
net influx of positively charged Na+ ions from outside to inside the cell
In a simple synapse, neurotransmitter chemicals are released by the - CORRECT
ANSWER - presynaptic membrane
myelinate axons in the CNS - CORRECT ANSWER - oligodendrocytes
produce the myelin sheaths that surround axons in the PNS - CORRECT ANSWER -
Schwann cells
immune cells in the CNS that protect against pathogens - CORRECT ANSWER -
microglia
participate in formation of the blood-brain barrier - CORRECT ANSWER - astrocytes
The division of the nervous system that have antagonistic or opposing actions are? - CORRECT
ANSWER - sympathetic and parasympathetic
Which area of the brain is most intimately associated with the unconscious control of respiration
and circulation? - CORRECT ANSWER - medulla
What do Wernicke's and Broca's regions of the brain affect? - CORRECT ANSWER -
speech
If someone said to you that a particular hormone utilizes a G protein-coupled receptor in its
signal transduction pathway, you would know that the hormone - CORRECT ANSWER -
has receptors on the cell surface
The different effect of the hormone epinephrine on the blood vessels of the intestines and skeletal
muscle involve - CORRECT ANSWER - different signal transduction pathways
, different receptors for the hormone
Which of the following statements comparing water-soluble and lipid-soluble hormones is
FALSE? - CORRECT ANSWER - only lipid-soluble hormones bind to a receptor protein
to initiate their response
Which of the following hormones has a nontropic effect only? - CORRECT ANSWER -
prolactin
In the thyroid hormone cascade pathway, thyroid hormone exerts negative feedback on the -
CORRECT ANSWER - hypothalamus
anteriori pituitary
Releasing and inhibiting hormones secreted by nerve cells of the _______ regulate hormones
released by the _____ - CORRECT ANSWER - hypothalamus, anterior pituitary
Metamorphosis in the caterpillar is determined by? - CORRECT ANSWER - low JH levels
A disease that destroys the adrenal cortex should lead to an increase in the plasma levels of? -
CORRECT ANSWER - adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)
Sexual reproduction - CORRECT ANSWER - can produce diverse phenotypes that may
enhance survival of a population in a changing environment
Which of the following statements comparing spermatogenesis and oogenesis is (are) TRUE? -
CORRECT ANSWER - spermatogenesis, including the mitotic divisions of stem cells,
occurs throughout adolescence and adulthood
Human sperm cells first arise in the - CORRECT ANSWER - seminiferous tubules
