CSD exam 2
Substitutions - ANS-substituting one sound for another
Distortions - ANS-Altering the place or manner of a sound to produce a sound that does not
normally occur in the language
Omissions - ANS-Leaving a sound or sounds out: -ake/rake or boa-/boat
Additions - ANS-adding a sound or sounds that don't belong
Final consonant deletion - ANS-Leaving the final consonant off of the end of the syllable:
Ca-/Cat
reduplication - ANS-Repeating a syllable or part of a syllable to produce a word: Wawa/Water
Consonant cluster simplification - ANS-Reducing the number of consonants in a string of
consonants: Sim/Swim
stopping - ANS-Producing a stop sound instead of a fricative: Tong/Song
fronting - ANS-Producing a sound made in the front of the mouth instead of a sound made in the
back of the mouth: Lot/Lock
Gliding of liquids - ANS-Producing a glide sound instead of a liquid: Wake/Lake
Preschool Language - ANS-Receptive 3000, Expressive 2000
Prelinguistic - ANS-Receptive 3-50, Expressive0
Early Language - ANS-Receptive 900, Expressive500
First Words - ANS-Receptive 500, Expressive 250
Written Language - ANS-Utilizes alphabetic system; found in books, notes, text messages, etc.;
most complex mode of communication; requires formal instruction
Phonology - ANS-Rules associated with sound combinations and pronunciation of sounds
gestures - ANS-Use of nonverbal communication to express or assist in expressing one's ideas
or desires
, nuturist - ANS-Children are born with no knowledge of language.
Morphology - ANS-Modifications of words, using inflections
Language Delay - ANS-A child is developing receptive and expressive language skills in typical
order, but at a slower rate
Syntax - ANS-Rules governing word order and word classes
Child directed speech - ANS-Slower rate of speech; increased pitch variations, long pauses, the
frequent repetition
Pragmatics - ANS-The use of language within the communicative context
naturist - ANS-Language is innate; children are born with certain mechanisms and abilities that
predispose them to learn language
Fast mapping - ANS-Children's ability to hypothesize the meaning of a new word after hearing it
used only one or two times
Oral Language - ANS-Use of spoken language to communicate one's wants and needs. No
formal instruction.
Expressive language - ANS-Ability to produce or speak language; what a person says
Semantics - ANS-Involves words and their meanings; vocabulary
Receptive language - ANS-Ability to understand or comprehend language
developmental language impairment - ANS-The child is producing unusual language forms, not
seen in typically/atypical developing children
Language "disorder" - ANS-Normal IQ with low verbal IQ
Joint attention - ANS-Directing a child's attention to a particular object or action and then
labeling it when both child and caregiver are attending
Specific language impairment - ANS-No known biological or cognitive cause for the language
impairment
Morphemes - ANS-The smallest units of meaning in a language.
Language "difference" - ANS-Variations of a symbol system used by a group that reflects
regional, cultural, and ethnic differences
Substitutions - ANS-substituting one sound for another
Distortions - ANS-Altering the place or manner of a sound to produce a sound that does not
normally occur in the language
Omissions - ANS-Leaving a sound or sounds out: -ake/rake or boa-/boat
Additions - ANS-adding a sound or sounds that don't belong
Final consonant deletion - ANS-Leaving the final consonant off of the end of the syllable:
Ca-/Cat
reduplication - ANS-Repeating a syllable or part of a syllable to produce a word: Wawa/Water
Consonant cluster simplification - ANS-Reducing the number of consonants in a string of
consonants: Sim/Swim
stopping - ANS-Producing a stop sound instead of a fricative: Tong/Song
fronting - ANS-Producing a sound made in the front of the mouth instead of a sound made in the
back of the mouth: Lot/Lock
Gliding of liquids - ANS-Producing a glide sound instead of a liquid: Wake/Lake
Preschool Language - ANS-Receptive 3000, Expressive 2000
Prelinguistic - ANS-Receptive 3-50, Expressive0
Early Language - ANS-Receptive 900, Expressive500
First Words - ANS-Receptive 500, Expressive 250
Written Language - ANS-Utilizes alphabetic system; found in books, notes, text messages, etc.;
most complex mode of communication; requires formal instruction
Phonology - ANS-Rules associated with sound combinations and pronunciation of sounds
gestures - ANS-Use of nonverbal communication to express or assist in expressing one's ideas
or desires
, nuturist - ANS-Children are born with no knowledge of language.
Morphology - ANS-Modifications of words, using inflections
Language Delay - ANS-A child is developing receptive and expressive language skills in typical
order, but at a slower rate
Syntax - ANS-Rules governing word order and word classes
Child directed speech - ANS-Slower rate of speech; increased pitch variations, long pauses, the
frequent repetition
Pragmatics - ANS-The use of language within the communicative context
naturist - ANS-Language is innate; children are born with certain mechanisms and abilities that
predispose them to learn language
Fast mapping - ANS-Children's ability to hypothesize the meaning of a new word after hearing it
used only one or two times
Oral Language - ANS-Use of spoken language to communicate one's wants and needs. No
formal instruction.
Expressive language - ANS-Ability to produce or speak language; what a person says
Semantics - ANS-Involves words and their meanings; vocabulary
Receptive language - ANS-Ability to understand or comprehend language
developmental language impairment - ANS-The child is producing unusual language forms, not
seen in typically/atypical developing children
Language "disorder" - ANS-Normal IQ with low verbal IQ
Joint attention - ANS-Directing a child's attention to a particular object or action and then
labeling it when both child and caregiver are attending
Specific language impairment - ANS-No known biological or cognitive cause for the language
impairment
Morphemes - ANS-The smallest units of meaning in a language.
Language "difference" - ANS-Variations of a symbol system used by a group that reflects
regional, cultural, and ethnic differences
