NURS 120/NURS 120 Final Exam | Introduction to Medical Surgical Nursing | Questions and Verified Answers | 100 out of 100 | Latest Update 2025/2026 |GRADED A

NURS 120/NURS 120 Final Exam | Introduction to Medical Surgical Nursing | Questions and Verified Answers | 100 out of 100 | Latest Update 2025/2026 |GRADED A Question: What would be the priority postop documentation regarding circulation of recent casted extremity? Adequate cap refill Question: Why do patients need to wear TED hose? Prevention of blood pooling in legs Question: How should we recommend to a pt with OA? Maintain normal weight Question: How should you change bed linens fora pt in Buck's traction? Apply liners from food of bed to top of bed Question: How do we instruct pt to use IS? Position mouthpiece, inhale deeply Question: What should the nurse do after drawing ABG? Apply direct pressure to sit for 5 min. Question: High K+ can cause what? Dysrhythmias Question: If a patient is taking Lasix and reveals the following: Chvostek's and Trousseau's signs, hypotension and confusion, what law result would you expect to find? Low serum calcium and potassium levels Question: A patient with a shift of the trachea to the left with no breath sounds on the right requires? Immediate medical attention Question: If a patient is not coughing and deep breathing appropriately due to incisional pain what nursing action is most appropriate? Use a pillow to splint incision Question: If you patient has renal failure r/t diabetes, the decreased urine output causes what electrolyte disturbance? hyperkalemia Question: Before any procedure using dye what should we ask the patient? Are you allergic to shellfish? Question: Patient has a pH of 7.31 and HCO3 level of 19, kussmaul's respirations, what acid base imbalance should the nurse be concerned with? Metabolic acidosis Question: Your patient is on coumadin and the IRN is 7.0, what order do you anticipate carrying out? Hold the next does of coumadin Question: The LPN is going to be caring fora pt that had a pelvic fx, what will you need to monitor this pt for? Hemorrhage and shock, possibly fat embolization Question: What kind of prep is needed for an EKG? None Question: What is primary medical management for soft tissue injuries? Elevation and ice to control edema Question: In caring for a pt with a trach, what is the priority nursing responsibility? Maintaining patent airway Question: The heart failure patient has gained 1kg since yesterday, what does that mean? the pt is retaining approximately 1 liter of fluid more than yesterday Question: A pt had a DVT in left leg. Late in the day he reports SOB, a sense of impending doom, what should the nurse do first? Check pulse ox and VS Question: Your pt's BS reading is 48, they are awake, what is your priority nursing action? Give 4-6oz of fruit juice Question: A pt that is one day post op reports acute shortness of breath, resp rate is 35 and slightly labored, not breath sounds in right lung base. Pt denies chest pain of any kind, what condition would you suspect? Atelectasis Question: Know your levels for calcium, Bicarb, NA+, K+ Na+ 135-145 mEq/L K+ 3.5-5 mEq/L Ca+ 4.5-10.5 mg/dL Cl 98-107 mEq/L PO 2.7-4.5 mEq/L Mg 1.6-2.6 mEq/L pH 7.35-7.45 PaCo2 35-45 mmHg Pao2 80-100 mmHg HCO3 22-26 mEq/L SaO2 95-100% Question: Pt has a femur fx from car accident, physician is concerned about fat embolism, how do you explain this to pt's wife? The break of the bone forces molecules of fat into the bloodstream Question: Teach your patient pursed lip breathing In through the nose, out through pursed lips Question: How can the nurse obtain a sterile specimen by urinary catheter? Straight cath, and the port of the cath Question: After a total gastrectomy the pt will need long term injections of? B12 Question: What is a complication of peritoneal dialysis? Peritonitis Question: What is the purpose of CPM (continuous passive motion) machine after knee arthroplasty? It is used to restore joint function Question: For a newly diagnosed type 1 diabetic what teaching do they need? more insulin during stress, more food when excessively exercising, insulin needs can change with age Question: What are the characteristics of urge incontinence? Cannot stop urine flow to reach the toilet Question: Know what ABG's would look like on a pt who has been vomiting. 7.47- paco2-43 HCO3-28 Question: Instructions on diabetic foot care Inspect feet daily, wear shoes, regular appts with podiatrist Question: Which discharge instructions should be given to a patient with emphysema? Eat frequent small meals to reduce energy use Question: Which lab result would we look for when we suspect gout? Serum uric acid Question: First nursing action after cardiac? Assess groin for signs of bleeding Question: What should the patient with osteoarthritis avoid? Tobacco and caffeine Question: What lab test do we monitor to see if diabetes is being managed? HbA1C Question: A pt with cirrhosis of the liver has what chemical accumulating in the blood stream that causes hepatic encephalopathy? Ammonia Question: What is phantom pain? pain associated with some amputations that is real Question: If a diabetic pt is sick with N/V, how often should they check their BS? Q 2-4 hrs Question: Know BUN level--especially regarding a pt who is dehydrated 7 to 20 mg/dL Question: S/S of right sided heart failure abdominal distension and peripheral edema Question: If pt hyperventilates, what acid balance would the result be? respiratory alkalosis Question: Know s/s of pancreatitis abdominal pain that increases with lying down Question: Pt has compound fx of left tibia, open reduction with internal fixation (ORIF) used to tx fx: an alarming assessment for pt would include? Elevated temp with erythema at incision site Question: Know how to differentiate between OA and Rheumatoid arthritis OA: degenerative disease RA: autoimmune Question: Define osteomyelitis A disease in which bacteria invade the bone and bone marrow and causes the bone to degenerate Question: DKA- what would the pH level be? 7:30 Question: What promotes movement of glucose into cells, lowers blood glucose and lowers insulin needs? exercise Question: What would be a complication of a colonoscopy? Guarding and rebound tenderness Question: A type 2 diabetic is scheduled for testing, should the oral glucose be given? request order from physician Question: Accumulation of fluid in pleural space, condition is called? Pleural effusion --- pus is called empyema Question: Pt just had knee replacement surgery, c/o acute dyspnea and sudden sharpy non-radiating chest pain that is worse on inspiration- what is the contributing factor? Pulmonary embolism Question: What should a client with a ileostomy expect related to bowel function after surgery? The stoma will require you to wear a collection device all of the time Question: Why do we bandage stumps? It shrinks and shapes the stump Question: Early s/s of pulmonary edema? pink, frothy sputum Question: Peak action of NPH occurs: 6-10 hours Question: S/S of fluid volume deficit decreased BP, increased HR, dry skin Question: Blood gases respiratory acidosis: pH 7.30 PaCo2 50 Hco3 18 Question: PH 7.21- Hco3 26- Pc02 47 respiratory acidosis Question: S/S of pt with fat emolism tachycardia, dyspnea, mental status changes Question: After total hip which nursing actions are essential? Knees apart at all times, raised toilet seat Question: S/S of hypoglycemia shakiness, diaphoresis, hunger Question: S/S of compartment syndrome of left wrist weak pulse, unable to move fingers of toes, fingers on left hand are edematous compared to right, pain is unrelieved Question: S/S of COPD crackles and wheezes, SOB, rapid shallow breathing, clubbing of fingers Question: How do we manage T-tube after cholecystectomy? Record the amt of drainage, clamp T-tube after meals per orders, maintain pt in fowlers position Question: How do we prevent symptoms of dumping syndrome? Eat several small meals through the day, lie down for 60 minutes after meal, eat slowly and chew food thoroughly Question: What is the best indication of BPH? Nocturnal urination, dribbling after urination, stream is weak and choppy