BIOD210 Exam 6 genetics
Public Health - Answer-Focused on examining the health needs of entire populations
with the goal of preventing health problems.
/.Population - Answer-Any disease aggregate of people who meet the membership
criteria to be included in a specific person group.
/.Epidemiology - Answer-Study of Distribution of disease within a population and the
identification of the factors that determine distribution.
/.What are the 5 basic objectives of epidemiology? - Answer-1. Identify the cause of a
disease and important risk factors
2. Determine the burden of the disease
3. Study the natural history of the disease
4. Evaluate preventive and therapeutic models
5. Develop public policy
/.Etiology - Answer-cause of disease
/.What risk factors can play a role in influencing the development of the disease (4) -
Answer-Behaviors, genetic susceptibility, geographic location
/.What is the ultimate goal of public health? - Answer-Identify risk factors and intervene
to reduce morbidity and mortality
/.Morbidity - Answer-Symptoms or disabilities that occur from a disease
/.mortality - Answer-Death of a person
/.What are the primary means of assessing outcomes in populations? - Answer-
Morbidity and mortality
/.examples of morbidity - Answer-Cancer, pain, disability, permanent SOB, mental
health conditions, brain injury, HTN
/.Co-morbidities - Answer-When several morbidities can exist at the same time
/.What three metrics must be addressed when defining a population? - Answer-1.
Person
2. Place
3. Time
/.person - Answer-Defined by characteristic of age, gender, race, ethnicity, occupation
, /.place - Answer-Refers to physical location of the person such as country, state,
county, city, or occupational location
/.time - Answer-May be defined as certain season, calendar year, life stage, interval
time, periods, or person-years
/.burden of disease - Answer-Impact of health problem and resulting morbidities.
/.How is the burden of disease assessed? - Answer-Broad economic impact, individual
financial loss, quality of life that may be lost.
/.Why is it important to quantify the burden of a disease? - Answer-To ensure adequate
treatment facilities, services, prevention programs, and community education available
to lessen the burden.
/.Natural history of a disease - Answer-Transmission, development, and outcomes of a
given disease.
/.Why is uncovering natural history of a disease important? - Answer-For prevention and
tratment
/.Who paved the way for policy development and regulation within the lead industry? -
Answer-Dr. Alice Hamilton
/.What policy did Dr. Alice Hamilton study and expose - Answer-Industrial medicine- she
exposed lead toxicity among workers in Illinois from 1911-1920
/.Who was Edward Jenner? - Answer-English scientist /surgeon who developed the first
vaccine (small pox vaccine) in late 1700s.
/.How did Edward Jenner develop the small pox vaccine? - Answer-He noticed that
dairymaids were only contracting mild illness from smallpox so he removed biological
material from the lesions of a dairymaid and introduced that material to a young boy. He
then introduced the boy to biological material from smallpox, but the boy never
developed smallpox. He then followed the protocol: Inoculation with cowpox followed by
inoculation with smallpox.
/.Public health is only concerned with infectious disease (t/f). - Answer-False. Public
health is concerned with infectious disease, chronic health conditions, injuries, and
violence (t/f)
/.Epidemiologic triad - Answer-The traditional model of infectious disease causation.
includes three components: host, mode of transmission, infectious agent, and
environmental factors that promote transmission.
Public Health - Answer-Focused on examining the health needs of entire populations
with the goal of preventing health problems.
/.Population - Answer-Any disease aggregate of people who meet the membership
criteria to be included in a specific person group.
/.Epidemiology - Answer-Study of Distribution of disease within a population and the
identification of the factors that determine distribution.
/.What are the 5 basic objectives of epidemiology? - Answer-1. Identify the cause of a
disease and important risk factors
2. Determine the burden of the disease
3. Study the natural history of the disease
4. Evaluate preventive and therapeutic models
5. Develop public policy
/.Etiology - Answer-cause of disease
/.What risk factors can play a role in influencing the development of the disease (4) -
Answer-Behaviors, genetic susceptibility, geographic location
/.What is the ultimate goal of public health? - Answer-Identify risk factors and intervene
to reduce morbidity and mortality
/.Morbidity - Answer-Symptoms or disabilities that occur from a disease
/.mortality - Answer-Death of a person
/.What are the primary means of assessing outcomes in populations? - Answer-
Morbidity and mortality
/.examples of morbidity - Answer-Cancer, pain, disability, permanent SOB, mental
health conditions, brain injury, HTN
/.Co-morbidities - Answer-When several morbidities can exist at the same time
/.What three metrics must be addressed when defining a population? - Answer-1.
Person
2. Place
3. Time
/.person - Answer-Defined by characteristic of age, gender, race, ethnicity, occupation
, /.place - Answer-Refers to physical location of the person such as country, state,
county, city, or occupational location
/.time - Answer-May be defined as certain season, calendar year, life stage, interval
time, periods, or person-years
/.burden of disease - Answer-Impact of health problem and resulting morbidities.
/.How is the burden of disease assessed? - Answer-Broad economic impact, individual
financial loss, quality of life that may be lost.
/.Why is it important to quantify the burden of a disease? - Answer-To ensure adequate
treatment facilities, services, prevention programs, and community education available
to lessen the burden.
/.Natural history of a disease - Answer-Transmission, development, and outcomes of a
given disease.
/.Why is uncovering natural history of a disease important? - Answer-For prevention and
tratment
/.Who paved the way for policy development and regulation within the lead industry? -
Answer-Dr. Alice Hamilton
/.What policy did Dr. Alice Hamilton study and expose - Answer-Industrial medicine- she
exposed lead toxicity among workers in Illinois from 1911-1920
/.Who was Edward Jenner? - Answer-English scientist /surgeon who developed the first
vaccine (small pox vaccine) in late 1700s.
/.How did Edward Jenner develop the small pox vaccine? - Answer-He noticed that
dairymaids were only contracting mild illness from smallpox so he removed biological
material from the lesions of a dairymaid and introduced that material to a young boy. He
then introduced the boy to biological material from smallpox, but the boy never
developed smallpox. He then followed the protocol: Inoculation with cowpox followed by
inoculation with smallpox.
/.Public health is only concerned with infectious disease (t/f). - Answer-False. Public
health is concerned with infectious disease, chronic health conditions, injuries, and
violence (t/f)
/.Epidemiologic triad - Answer-The traditional model of infectious disease causation.
includes three components: host, mode of transmission, infectious agent, and
environmental factors that promote transmission.
