NURS 142 Exam with Complete
Solutions
What are you looking for when inspecting the head? - Answers - ✔✔size, shape,
symmetry, deformities, facial symmetry, facial expression, skin color, erect, proportional
to body size look at hair for color and hygiene
What are you looking for when palpating the head? - Answers - ✔✔texture of hair,
infestations, masses, lesions, and mobility
What are you looking for when inspecting the neck? - Answers - ✔✔trachea (midline),
lesions, fullness of neck, swelling, erythema, and ROM when laterally turning head
What are you looking for when palpating the neck? - Answers - ✔✔the ROM in
shoulders when shrugging against resistance
What are you looking for when inspecting the lymph nodes? - Answers - ✔✔redness
and swelling
What is the expected finding when palpating the lymph nodes? - Answers - ✔✔non
palpable and no tenderness
What is the unexpected finding when palpating lymph nodes and what would you
assess? - Answers - ✔✔palpable: size, shape, symmetry, temperature, mobility,
character, consistency, and tenderness
What are the lymph nodes of the head? - Answers - ✔✔pre auricular, post auricular,
occipital, tonsillar, submandibular, submental, anterior cervical chain, posterior cervical
chain, and supraclavicular
Where is the pre auricular lymph node? - Answers - ✔✔in front of the ear
Where is the post auricular lymph node? - Answers - ✔✔behind the ear
Where is the occipital lymph node? - Answers - ✔✔base of the skull
Where is the tonsillar lymph node? - Answers - ✔✔by tonsils, the angle of the mandible
Where is the submandibular lymph node? - Answers - ✔✔under the mandible
Where is the sub mental lymph node? - Answers - ✔✔under the chin
,Where are the anterior cervical chain lymph nodes? - Answers - ✔✔in the front of the
side of the neck
Where are the posterior cervical chain lymph nodes? - Answers - ✔✔in the back of the
side of the neck
Where are the supra-clavicular lymph nodes? - Answers - ✔✔just above the clavicle
(shrug shoulders to reach them)
What are you looking for when inspecting the nose? - Answers - ✔✔if its midline,
symmetrical, skin smooth, no swelling, no lesions, color consistent with facial
complexion, nares patent, and no drainage
What are you looking for when inspecting the external part of the mouth? - Answers -
✔✔symmetry, lip color, moisture, lesions, and oral competency
What are you looking for when inspecting the internal part of the mouth? - Answers -
✔✔color and moisture of buccal mucosa, floor of mouth, and gums general appearance
of the teeth: how many, alignment, dental work, color, signs of decay, dentures and fit,
and abnormal odor color and intactness of hard and soft palate uvula lift, midline and
symmetry of uvula and tongue general salivary flow
What is the scale for grading tonsils? - Answers - ✔✔+1 pillar
+2 beyond pillar
+3 see them
+4 touching
What is halitosis? - Answers - ✔✔bad breathe
What is anosmia? - Answers - ✔✔loss of smell
How can anosmia affect the elderly? - Answers - ✔✔can happen with dementia
decreases appetite and overall food intake
What are you looking for when inspecting the eyes? - Answers - ✔✔symmetry,
alignment of outer canthus with pinna of ears, obvious deformities, eye shape and
symmetry, clarity of cornea, color of sclera, clarity of conjunctiva, color and symmetry of
iris, fullness and symmetry of eyelashes and eyebrows, ability to close eyelids all the
way while blinking and symmetry, and drooping
What is ptosis? - Answers - ✔✔eyelid drooping
What are you looking for when palpating the eyes? - Answers - ✔✔if the orbits are
tender and if the lacrimal apparatus is tender or swollen
, What chart is used to measure distance vision? - Answers - ✔✔Snellen chart
What chart is used to measure near vision? - Answers - ✔✔jaeger chart
How can color blindness be tested? - Answers - ✔✔on the Snellen chart
What does the corneal light reflex test for? - Answers - ✔✔strabismus
What are you looking for when performing the corneal light reflex test? - Answers -
✔✔symmetry of reflection of light on the cornea
What test would you perform if the patient was strabismus positive? - Answers -
✔✔cover/uncover test
What is strabismus? - Answers - ✔✔lazy eye
What are you looking for when performing the six cardinal fields of gaze? - Answers -
✔✔symmetry and smoothness of the eye and no nystagmus
What is nystagmus? - Answers - ✔✔involuntary shakiness of eyes
What are you looking for when performing the pupillary reflex test? - Answers - ✔✔size,
shape, symmetry, direct pupillary constriction and accommodation, PERRLA
What is the expected finding after performing the pupillary reflex test? - Answers -
✔✔consensual response
What does PERRLA stand for? - Answers - ✔✔pupils equal, round, reactive to light, and
accommodation
What does a dead retina indicate? - Answers - ✔✔blindness
What does intraocular mean? - Answers - ✔✔the lens and back
What does extra ocular mean? - Answers - ✔✔in front of the lens
What determines eyesight? - Answers - ✔✔the lens and how light hits the retina
What is glaucoma? - Answers - ✔✔increased intraocular pressure
What is a cataract? - Answers - ✔✔clouding of the lens
Solutions
What are you looking for when inspecting the head? - Answers - ✔✔size, shape,
symmetry, deformities, facial symmetry, facial expression, skin color, erect, proportional
to body size look at hair for color and hygiene
What are you looking for when palpating the head? - Answers - ✔✔texture of hair,
infestations, masses, lesions, and mobility
What are you looking for when inspecting the neck? - Answers - ✔✔trachea (midline),
lesions, fullness of neck, swelling, erythema, and ROM when laterally turning head
What are you looking for when palpating the neck? - Answers - ✔✔the ROM in
shoulders when shrugging against resistance
What are you looking for when inspecting the lymph nodes? - Answers - ✔✔redness
and swelling
What is the expected finding when palpating the lymph nodes? - Answers - ✔✔non
palpable and no tenderness
What is the unexpected finding when palpating lymph nodes and what would you
assess? - Answers - ✔✔palpable: size, shape, symmetry, temperature, mobility,
character, consistency, and tenderness
What are the lymph nodes of the head? - Answers - ✔✔pre auricular, post auricular,
occipital, tonsillar, submandibular, submental, anterior cervical chain, posterior cervical
chain, and supraclavicular
Where is the pre auricular lymph node? - Answers - ✔✔in front of the ear
Where is the post auricular lymph node? - Answers - ✔✔behind the ear
Where is the occipital lymph node? - Answers - ✔✔base of the skull
Where is the tonsillar lymph node? - Answers - ✔✔by tonsils, the angle of the mandible
Where is the submandibular lymph node? - Answers - ✔✔under the mandible
Where is the sub mental lymph node? - Answers - ✔✔under the chin
,Where are the anterior cervical chain lymph nodes? - Answers - ✔✔in the front of the
side of the neck
Where are the posterior cervical chain lymph nodes? - Answers - ✔✔in the back of the
side of the neck
Where are the supra-clavicular lymph nodes? - Answers - ✔✔just above the clavicle
(shrug shoulders to reach them)
What are you looking for when inspecting the nose? - Answers - ✔✔if its midline,
symmetrical, skin smooth, no swelling, no lesions, color consistent with facial
complexion, nares patent, and no drainage
What are you looking for when inspecting the external part of the mouth? - Answers -
✔✔symmetry, lip color, moisture, lesions, and oral competency
What are you looking for when inspecting the internal part of the mouth? - Answers -
✔✔color and moisture of buccal mucosa, floor of mouth, and gums general appearance
of the teeth: how many, alignment, dental work, color, signs of decay, dentures and fit,
and abnormal odor color and intactness of hard and soft palate uvula lift, midline and
symmetry of uvula and tongue general salivary flow
What is the scale for grading tonsils? - Answers - ✔✔+1 pillar
+2 beyond pillar
+3 see them
+4 touching
What is halitosis? - Answers - ✔✔bad breathe
What is anosmia? - Answers - ✔✔loss of smell
How can anosmia affect the elderly? - Answers - ✔✔can happen with dementia
decreases appetite and overall food intake
What are you looking for when inspecting the eyes? - Answers - ✔✔symmetry,
alignment of outer canthus with pinna of ears, obvious deformities, eye shape and
symmetry, clarity of cornea, color of sclera, clarity of conjunctiva, color and symmetry of
iris, fullness and symmetry of eyelashes and eyebrows, ability to close eyelids all the
way while blinking and symmetry, and drooping
What is ptosis? - Answers - ✔✔eyelid drooping
What are you looking for when palpating the eyes? - Answers - ✔✔if the orbits are
tender and if the lacrimal apparatus is tender or swollen
, What chart is used to measure distance vision? - Answers - ✔✔Snellen chart
What chart is used to measure near vision? - Answers - ✔✔jaeger chart
How can color blindness be tested? - Answers - ✔✔on the Snellen chart
What does the corneal light reflex test for? - Answers - ✔✔strabismus
What are you looking for when performing the corneal light reflex test? - Answers -
✔✔symmetry of reflection of light on the cornea
What test would you perform if the patient was strabismus positive? - Answers -
✔✔cover/uncover test
What is strabismus? - Answers - ✔✔lazy eye
What are you looking for when performing the six cardinal fields of gaze? - Answers -
✔✔symmetry and smoothness of the eye and no nystagmus
What is nystagmus? - Answers - ✔✔involuntary shakiness of eyes
What are you looking for when performing the pupillary reflex test? - Answers - ✔✔size,
shape, symmetry, direct pupillary constriction and accommodation, PERRLA
What is the expected finding after performing the pupillary reflex test? - Answers -
✔✔consensual response
What does PERRLA stand for? - Answers - ✔✔pupils equal, round, reactive to light, and
accommodation
What does a dead retina indicate? - Answers - ✔✔blindness
What does intraocular mean? - Answers - ✔✔the lens and back
What does extra ocular mean? - Answers - ✔✔in front of the lens
What determines eyesight? - Answers - ✔✔the lens and how light hits the retina
What is glaucoma? - Answers - ✔✔increased intraocular pressure
What is a cataract? - Answers - ✔✔clouding of the lens
