GNK 286 - EMERGENCY MEDICINE
(PAST PAPERS)EXAM 100% ACCURATE.
You are called to assist a boy who sustained a head injury while performing stunts with
his bicycle. The first thing you would consider checking is whether:
A. There are obvious wounds or deformities
B. He is responsive
C. He has sustained a neck injury too
D. He is breathing adequately - ANSWERB. He is repsonsive
When caring for a victim who has an object impaled in their hand, you should...
A. Remove the object, flush with cool water and transport to hospital
B. None of the above
C. Immobilize the object by placing several dressings around it
D. Break the object off where it sticks out and bandage the injury - ANSWERC.
Immobilize the object by placing several dressings around it
Your uncle staggers into the house from his garage. He has a large avulsion injury of
his forearm, with a piece of metal protruding from it. What would be the primary aim of
your treatment at this stage?
A. To prevent further injury
B. To prevent pain
C. To prevent hypovolemic shock
D. To prevent infection - ANSWERA. To prevent further injury
Which if the following conditions cause hot, red and dry skin?
A. Cold exposure
B. Fever
C. Shock
D. Head stroke - ANSWERD. Head stroke
The three most common causes of seizures in adults include:
A. Hyperglycemia, hypoxia and stroke
B. Infections, emotional trauma and head injures
C. Head trauma, stroke and infections such as meningitis
D. Fever, hypoxia and hyperglycemia - ANSWERC. Head trauma, stroke and infections
such as meningitis
,What is the blueish discoloration around the eyes called?
A. Beck's triad
B. Cushing sign
C. Racoon eyes
D. Battle sign - ANSWERC. Racoon eyes
You are performing a secondary survey on a trauma case. For which of these
conditions will you immediately seek emergency treatment by qualified staff?
A. Significant bleeding
B. All of the above
C. Multiple musculoskeletal injuries
D. Head, neck or back injury - ANSWERB. All of the above
A woman was injured in a bus accident. No wounds are found on inspection but she
complains of severe backache. Indicate the priority of her injuries.
A. Priority 1 (Red)
B. Priority 2 (Yellow)
C. Priority 3 (Green)
D. Priority 4 (Black) - ANSWERB. Priority 2 (Yellow)
Your assessment of the scene suggests that a victim has suffered an electrical shock.
The first thing to do:
A. Cover all the burns with a loose dry dressing
B. Place the victim on one side with the head down (recovery position)
C. Ask a bystander to help move the patient
D. Make sure the power is turned off - ANSWERD. Make sure the power is turned off
You are walking your dog and pass a house with a fish pond. You notice a child in the
water. Upon investigation, you find the child unresponsive. You should for help and
determine that the child is not breathing and has no pulse. No one responds to your call
for assistance but fortunately you have your cellphone at hand. At what stage should
you call the emergency services?
A. After you gave five slow ventilations
B. Immediately before you start CPR.
C. After you have performed CPR for two minutes. - ANSWERC. After you have
performed CPR for two minutes.
Which of the following factors will contribute to the extend of the injury from a fall?
(Multiple responses)
A. Whether he or she hit anything else during the fall
,B. Victim's weight
C. What the victim fell onto
D. Height of the fall - ANSWERA. Whether he or she hit anything else during the fall
C. What the victim fell onto
D. Height of the fall
What injury most likely cased the discoloration around the patient's ears? (Battle signs)
A. Perforated tympanic membrane
B. Facial fractures
C. Fracture of the jaw
D. Base of skull fracture - ANSWERD. Base of skull fracture
The first step in the primary survey is to assess a scene for safety. Which of the
following are examples of a scene that can be considered unsafe?
A. A 2 year old child with a leg injury sustained from slipping in a fish pond.
B. A 45 year old male in a lift with difficulty in breathing.
C. A 22 year old female with abdominal pain.
D. An 18 year old adolescent with a gunshot wound to the chest. - ANSWERD. An 18
year old adolescent with a gunshot wound to the chest.
Which of the following conditions cause a victim's skin to become cold, pale and
clammy?
A. Heat stroke
B. Cold exposure
C. Shock
D. Fever - ANSWERC. Shock
You decide to dress the large avulsion injury of your uncle's forearm - with a piece of
metal protruding from the wound in question. Indicate which dressing should be applied
to stabilize the impaled object.
A. Doughnut dressing
B. Support sling
C. Pressure bandage
D. Baguette dressing - ANSWERA. Doughnut dressing
Following a tennis match, your 57 year old father complains of a sudden pressure
sensation in chis chest with come pain in his jaw. He adds that he feels dizzy and
nauseous. What should you do?
A. Give him some water to drink to treat the symptoms of dehydration
B. Administer 325mg of aspirin and have him rest an hour
, C. Have him rest in the shade and call for immediate emergency assistance -
ANSWERC. Have him rest in the shade and call for immediate emergency assistance
A child was bitten by a black mamba snake in KZN. What is the most common clinical
problem associated with black mamba envenomation?
A. Coagulopathy
B. Tissue necrosis
C. Neurotoxicity
D. Kidney failure - ANSWERC. Neurotoxicity
Select the applicable diagnostic significance of a crackling sensation under the chin
over the chest area, following performing a physical examination on a person following
a motor vehicle accident:
A. Fracture of the mandible
B. Overdose
C. Fracture of the base of the skull
D. Rib fracture - ANSWERD. Rib fracture
A 10 year old girl was stung several times by a swarm of bees. The areas where she
was stung are red and swollen, and several stingers are still embedded in her arms and
legs. She is crying, complains of pain and has a rapid pulse. The parents state that she
is not allergic. What is the appropriate action to take?
A. Use tweezers to remove the stingers and then apply a warm compress
B. Squeeze the stingers to remove the venom and apply cold packs
C. Wash the area and apply warm compress to relieve pain
D. Scrape off the stingers with the edge of a plastic card and wash the area with water -
ANSWERD. Scrape off the stingers with the edge of a plastic card and wash the area
with water
The correct sequence when performing CPR on an adult is:
A. Hazards, Hello, Help, Airway, Breathing, Compressions
B. Hazards, Hello, Help, Chest rise, Airway, Breathing
C. Hazards, Hello, Help, Airway, Breathing, Circulation
D. Hazards, Hello, Help, Compressions, Airway, Breathing - ANSWERD. Hazards,
Hello, Help, Compressions, Airway, Breathing
After a birthday party at a friend's house, you find a confused partygoer on the bathroom
floor. What can his small or pinpoint pupils be indicative of?
A. Rib fracture
B. Fracture of the base of the skull
C. Drug overdose
(PAST PAPERS)EXAM 100% ACCURATE.
You are called to assist a boy who sustained a head injury while performing stunts with
his bicycle. The first thing you would consider checking is whether:
A. There are obvious wounds or deformities
B. He is responsive
C. He has sustained a neck injury too
D. He is breathing adequately - ANSWERB. He is repsonsive
When caring for a victim who has an object impaled in their hand, you should...
A. Remove the object, flush with cool water and transport to hospital
B. None of the above
C. Immobilize the object by placing several dressings around it
D. Break the object off where it sticks out and bandage the injury - ANSWERC.
Immobilize the object by placing several dressings around it
Your uncle staggers into the house from his garage. He has a large avulsion injury of
his forearm, with a piece of metal protruding from it. What would be the primary aim of
your treatment at this stage?
A. To prevent further injury
B. To prevent pain
C. To prevent hypovolemic shock
D. To prevent infection - ANSWERA. To prevent further injury
Which if the following conditions cause hot, red and dry skin?
A. Cold exposure
B. Fever
C. Shock
D. Head stroke - ANSWERD. Head stroke
The three most common causes of seizures in adults include:
A. Hyperglycemia, hypoxia and stroke
B. Infections, emotional trauma and head injures
C. Head trauma, stroke and infections such as meningitis
D. Fever, hypoxia and hyperglycemia - ANSWERC. Head trauma, stroke and infections
such as meningitis
,What is the blueish discoloration around the eyes called?
A. Beck's triad
B. Cushing sign
C. Racoon eyes
D. Battle sign - ANSWERC. Racoon eyes
You are performing a secondary survey on a trauma case. For which of these
conditions will you immediately seek emergency treatment by qualified staff?
A. Significant bleeding
B. All of the above
C. Multiple musculoskeletal injuries
D. Head, neck or back injury - ANSWERB. All of the above
A woman was injured in a bus accident. No wounds are found on inspection but she
complains of severe backache. Indicate the priority of her injuries.
A. Priority 1 (Red)
B. Priority 2 (Yellow)
C. Priority 3 (Green)
D. Priority 4 (Black) - ANSWERB. Priority 2 (Yellow)
Your assessment of the scene suggests that a victim has suffered an electrical shock.
The first thing to do:
A. Cover all the burns with a loose dry dressing
B. Place the victim on one side with the head down (recovery position)
C. Ask a bystander to help move the patient
D. Make sure the power is turned off - ANSWERD. Make sure the power is turned off
You are walking your dog and pass a house with a fish pond. You notice a child in the
water. Upon investigation, you find the child unresponsive. You should for help and
determine that the child is not breathing and has no pulse. No one responds to your call
for assistance but fortunately you have your cellphone at hand. At what stage should
you call the emergency services?
A. After you gave five slow ventilations
B. Immediately before you start CPR.
C. After you have performed CPR for two minutes. - ANSWERC. After you have
performed CPR for two minutes.
Which of the following factors will contribute to the extend of the injury from a fall?
(Multiple responses)
A. Whether he or she hit anything else during the fall
,B. Victim's weight
C. What the victim fell onto
D. Height of the fall - ANSWERA. Whether he or she hit anything else during the fall
C. What the victim fell onto
D. Height of the fall
What injury most likely cased the discoloration around the patient's ears? (Battle signs)
A. Perforated tympanic membrane
B. Facial fractures
C. Fracture of the jaw
D. Base of skull fracture - ANSWERD. Base of skull fracture
The first step in the primary survey is to assess a scene for safety. Which of the
following are examples of a scene that can be considered unsafe?
A. A 2 year old child with a leg injury sustained from slipping in a fish pond.
B. A 45 year old male in a lift with difficulty in breathing.
C. A 22 year old female with abdominal pain.
D. An 18 year old adolescent with a gunshot wound to the chest. - ANSWERD. An 18
year old adolescent with a gunshot wound to the chest.
Which of the following conditions cause a victim's skin to become cold, pale and
clammy?
A. Heat stroke
B. Cold exposure
C. Shock
D. Fever - ANSWERC. Shock
You decide to dress the large avulsion injury of your uncle's forearm - with a piece of
metal protruding from the wound in question. Indicate which dressing should be applied
to stabilize the impaled object.
A. Doughnut dressing
B. Support sling
C. Pressure bandage
D. Baguette dressing - ANSWERA. Doughnut dressing
Following a tennis match, your 57 year old father complains of a sudden pressure
sensation in chis chest with come pain in his jaw. He adds that he feels dizzy and
nauseous. What should you do?
A. Give him some water to drink to treat the symptoms of dehydration
B. Administer 325mg of aspirin and have him rest an hour
, C. Have him rest in the shade and call for immediate emergency assistance -
ANSWERC. Have him rest in the shade and call for immediate emergency assistance
A child was bitten by a black mamba snake in KZN. What is the most common clinical
problem associated with black mamba envenomation?
A. Coagulopathy
B. Tissue necrosis
C. Neurotoxicity
D. Kidney failure - ANSWERC. Neurotoxicity
Select the applicable diagnostic significance of a crackling sensation under the chin
over the chest area, following performing a physical examination on a person following
a motor vehicle accident:
A. Fracture of the mandible
B. Overdose
C. Fracture of the base of the skull
D. Rib fracture - ANSWERD. Rib fracture
A 10 year old girl was stung several times by a swarm of bees. The areas where she
was stung are red and swollen, and several stingers are still embedded in her arms and
legs. She is crying, complains of pain and has a rapid pulse. The parents state that she
is not allergic. What is the appropriate action to take?
A. Use tweezers to remove the stingers and then apply a warm compress
B. Squeeze the stingers to remove the venom and apply cold packs
C. Wash the area and apply warm compress to relieve pain
D. Scrape off the stingers with the edge of a plastic card and wash the area with water -
ANSWERD. Scrape off the stingers with the edge of a plastic card and wash the area
with water
The correct sequence when performing CPR on an adult is:
A. Hazards, Hello, Help, Airway, Breathing, Compressions
B. Hazards, Hello, Help, Chest rise, Airway, Breathing
C. Hazards, Hello, Help, Airway, Breathing, Circulation
D. Hazards, Hello, Help, Compressions, Airway, Breathing - ANSWERD. Hazards,
Hello, Help, Compressions, Airway, Breathing
After a birthday party at a friend's house, you find a confused partygoer on the bathroom
floor. What can his small or pinpoint pupils be indicative of?
A. Rib fracture
B. Fracture of the base of the skull
C. Drug overdose
