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Summary Stocks and Bonds in Business Mathematics: Concepts and Applications

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This document explains the mathematical principles behind stocks and bonds, including calculations of returns, interest rates, and risk assessments. It is ideal for students studying Business Mathematics and finance-related courses.

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Stocks and Bonds – General Mathematics Notes



1. Introduction to Stocks and Bonds

Stocks and bonds are investment options in the financial market.

Stocks represent ownership in a company.

Bonds represent a loan made to a company or government.



2. Stocks

What is a Stock?

A stock (also called a share) represents partial ownership in a company.

Investors (shareholders) buy stocks to earn profits from a company’s
success.



Types of Stocks:



Common Stocks-Gives voting rights in company decisions.

Shareholders receive dividends (profits) but are not guaranteed.

Preferred Stocks-No voting rights but higher priority in receiving dividends.

More stable compared to common stocks.



Stock Market and Stock Exchange:

Stocks are bought and sold in the stock market.

Examples of stock exchanges:

New York Stock Exchange (NYSE)

Nasdaq

Philippine Stock Exchange (PSE)

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School year
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Uploaded on
March 15, 2025
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2024/2025
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