ACTUAL NSC EXAMINATION UPDATED 2025 WITH
QUESTIONS AND MOST VERIFIED ANSWERS // GRADED A+
What is significant about the 1886 Tarawera Eruption? VERIFIED
ANSWERBasaltic eruption in a rhyolite dome, most recent eruption in
the Okataina Caldera, plinian fissure eruption, subduction zone volcano,
killed 120 people
What are the steps to the 1886 Tarawera Eruption? VERIFIED
ANSWER1. Flash of light
2. First explosion fissure vent opens
3. Earthquake
4. All 3 domes open
5. Fissure reaches lake rotomahana
6. 3 hours lava fountaining
7. Eruption concludes and aftermath continues
Caldera comparison VERIFIED ANSWERRotorua - rhyolite eruption,
one eruption, single crater lake and dome
Okataina - rhyolite and basalt eruption, many eruptions, multiple crater
lakes and domes
What are hot springs and what is required for them to form? VERIFIED
ANSWERHot Springs are where heated water flows smoothly through
,its plumbing system and collects on the surface in a pool. The color
depends on the mineral content. To exist they need heat sources close to
the earth, a continuous source of water, and a permeable rock layer.
What are geysers and what is required for them to exist? VERIFIED
ANSWERGeysers are specific types of hot springs, so the three
requirements of heat source water and permeable rocks are the same. For
a geyser to exist the plumbing system must be thinner to create steam
traps that allow pressure build up, which causes them to erupt. They are
high in silica which causes a build up in sinter.
What are the types of hot springs? VERIFIED ANSWERAcid Sulfate
Springs - low ph, high H2SO4, smell from H2S - specific type is mud
pots which are highly acidic and bread down surrounding rocks to create
the muddy water. Mud pots can be sunken in as acid eats away at the
rocks below it
Alkaline Chloride Springs - Neutral to high ph, high Cl- and silica, clear
blue color comes from silica, has sinter
bicarbonate and iron springs - safe for swimming and not important
Types of geysers VERIFIED ANSWERcone - blockage towards top
causes build up of singer on top of itself
Fountain - blockage lower allows larger openings for eruptions so sinter
is more spread out and not built up
, Champagne Pool VERIFIED ANSWERAn alkaline pool - high silica
content and ph of 5.5, bubbles are CO2, orange from antimony and
arsenic
Inferno Crater and Frying Pan Lake VERIFIED ANSWERSame
geothermal system from the remains of the Waimangu geyser - 38 day
cycle that inferno creator increases in water level as frying pan lake
drains through the geothermal system , then inferno lake overflows and
run off enters frying pan lake
Lake Knox Geyser VERIFIED ANSWERMade to erupt every day due
to soap being added which breaks surface tension - this causes an
eruption because it helps release the build up of pressure in the steam
traps
What are hydrothermal vents? VERIFIED ANSWEROccur at oceanic
rifts and subduction zones
Expel nutrient rich heated water from magma below the surface
Water picks up nutrients from the crust
What is chemosynthesis? VERIFIED ANSWERChemical energy instead
of light energy
Oceanic nutrient cycle factor
Hydrothermal vents emit H2S that extremophiles can use to make sugars
QUESTIONS AND MOST VERIFIED ANSWERS // GRADED A+
What is significant about the 1886 Tarawera Eruption? VERIFIED
ANSWERBasaltic eruption in a rhyolite dome, most recent eruption in
the Okataina Caldera, plinian fissure eruption, subduction zone volcano,
killed 120 people
What are the steps to the 1886 Tarawera Eruption? VERIFIED
ANSWER1. Flash of light
2. First explosion fissure vent opens
3. Earthquake
4. All 3 domes open
5. Fissure reaches lake rotomahana
6. 3 hours lava fountaining
7. Eruption concludes and aftermath continues
Caldera comparison VERIFIED ANSWERRotorua - rhyolite eruption,
one eruption, single crater lake and dome
Okataina - rhyolite and basalt eruption, many eruptions, multiple crater
lakes and domes
What are hot springs and what is required for them to form? VERIFIED
ANSWERHot Springs are where heated water flows smoothly through
,its plumbing system and collects on the surface in a pool. The color
depends on the mineral content. To exist they need heat sources close to
the earth, a continuous source of water, and a permeable rock layer.
What are geysers and what is required for them to exist? VERIFIED
ANSWERGeysers are specific types of hot springs, so the three
requirements of heat source water and permeable rocks are the same. For
a geyser to exist the plumbing system must be thinner to create steam
traps that allow pressure build up, which causes them to erupt. They are
high in silica which causes a build up in sinter.
What are the types of hot springs? VERIFIED ANSWERAcid Sulfate
Springs - low ph, high H2SO4, smell from H2S - specific type is mud
pots which are highly acidic and bread down surrounding rocks to create
the muddy water. Mud pots can be sunken in as acid eats away at the
rocks below it
Alkaline Chloride Springs - Neutral to high ph, high Cl- and silica, clear
blue color comes from silica, has sinter
bicarbonate and iron springs - safe for swimming and not important
Types of geysers VERIFIED ANSWERcone - blockage towards top
causes build up of singer on top of itself
Fountain - blockage lower allows larger openings for eruptions so sinter
is more spread out and not built up
, Champagne Pool VERIFIED ANSWERAn alkaline pool - high silica
content and ph of 5.5, bubbles are CO2, orange from antimony and
arsenic
Inferno Crater and Frying Pan Lake VERIFIED ANSWERSame
geothermal system from the remains of the Waimangu geyser - 38 day
cycle that inferno creator increases in water level as frying pan lake
drains through the geothermal system , then inferno lake overflows and
run off enters frying pan lake
Lake Knox Geyser VERIFIED ANSWERMade to erupt every day due
to soap being added which breaks surface tension - this causes an
eruption because it helps release the build up of pressure in the steam
traps
What are hydrothermal vents? VERIFIED ANSWEROccur at oceanic
rifts and subduction zones
Expel nutrient rich heated water from magma below the surface
Water picks up nutrients from the crust
What is chemosynthesis? VERIFIED ANSWERChemical energy instead
of light energy
Oceanic nutrient cycle factor
Hydrothermal vents emit H2S that extremophiles can use to make sugars
