BIO 1124 EXAM 2 ACTUAL 100% [STUDY GUIDE]
WITH QUESTIONS AND WELL VERIFIED ANSWERS
Flagella - ANS✔✔--facilitates cellular movement; usually longer, singly or in pairs, 9+2 microtubule
array
Cilia - ANS✔✔--Hairlike projections that are used for cellular movement, shorter, cover all or part of
the cell surface
endomembrane system - ANS✔✔--network of membranes enclosing organelles that all work
together, includes plasma membrane, may be directly connected or pass materials through vesicles
(does not contain materials within the nucleus, mitochondria or chloroplast)
nuclear envelope - ANS✔✔--double membrane that encloses the nucleus (outer membrane is
continuous with the ER membrane), contains nuclear pores that allow passageways in and out of the
nucleus
Cell Theory - ANS✔✔--1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the smallest unit of life
3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells through cell division
Plant Cells - ANS✔✔--have a central vacuole, chloroplast and cell wall
, Animal cell - ANS✔✔--has centrosomes/centrioles and lysosomes
cytoskeleton - ANS✔✔--network of 3 types of protein filaments: microtubules, intermediate
filaments, actin filaments
nucleus - ANS✔✔--contains chromosomes, comprised of DNA and proteins (chromatin)
nuclear matrix - ANS✔✔--filamentous network that organizes chromosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANS✔✔--network of membrane, forms flattened, fluid filled tubules
(cisternae); rough and smooth
golgi apparatus - ANS✔✔--site of modification, sorting and secretion of lipids and proteins (post
office), 8 stacks of flattened membrane bounded compartments, contains vesicles (cis, trans and medial
structures)
vesicles - ANS✔✔--transport materials between stacks within the golgi apparatus
lysosomes - ANS✔✔--where macromolecules are degraded or broken down, contain acid hydrolases,
perform autophagy
hydrolase - ANS✔✔--enzyme that performs hydrolysis, only work within the acidic pH of the
lysosomes
centrosome - ANS✔✔--where microtubules grow, contains centrioles
central vacuole - ANS✔✔--found in plant cells for storage and support, regulates cell volume
peroxisome - ANS✔✔--break down molecules by removing hydrogen and adding oxygen
WITH QUESTIONS AND WELL VERIFIED ANSWERS
Flagella - ANS✔✔--facilitates cellular movement; usually longer, singly or in pairs, 9+2 microtubule
array
Cilia - ANS✔✔--Hairlike projections that are used for cellular movement, shorter, cover all or part of
the cell surface
endomembrane system - ANS✔✔--network of membranes enclosing organelles that all work
together, includes plasma membrane, may be directly connected or pass materials through vesicles
(does not contain materials within the nucleus, mitochondria or chloroplast)
nuclear envelope - ANS✔✔--double membrane that encloses the nucleus (outer membrane is
continuous with the ER membrane), contains nuclear pores that allow passageways in and out of the
nucleus
Cell Theory - ANS✔✔--1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. The cell is the smallest unit of life
3. Cells arise from pre-existing cells through cell division
Plant Cells - ANS✔✔--have a central vacuole, chloroplast and cell wall
, Animal cell - ANS✔✔--has centrosomes/centrioles and lysosomes
cytoskeleton - ANS✔✔--network of 3 types of protein filaments: microtubules, intermediate
filaments, actin filaments
nucleus - ANS✔✔--contains chromosomes, comprised of DNA and proteins (chromatin)
nuclear matrix - ANS✔✔--filamentous network that organizes chromosomes
Endoplasmic Reticulum - ANS✔✔--network of membrane, forms flattened, fluid filled tubules
(cisternae); rough and smooth
golgi apparatus - ANS✔✔--site of modification, sorting and secretion of lipids and proteins (post
office), 8 stacks of flattened membrane bounded compartments, contains vesicles (cis, trans and medial
structures)
vesicles - ANS✔✔--transport materials between stacks within the golgi apparatus
lysosomes - ANS✔✔--where macromolecules are degraded or broken down, contain acid hydrolases,
perform autophagy
hydrolase - ANS✔✔--enzyme that performs hydrolysis, only work within the acidic pH of the
lysosomes
centrosome - ANS✔✔--where microtubules grow, contains centrioles
central vacuole - ANS✔✔--found in plant cells for storage and support, regulates cell volume
peroxisome - ANS✔✔--break down molecules by removing hydrogen and adding oxygen
