PMT 108 Principles of Water Unit 1 WITH
168 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.
PMT 108 Principles of Water Unit 1 WITH
168 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.
Air gap - ANSWER A physical separation sufficient to prevent backflow between the free-flowing
discharge end of a potable water system outlet and any other system
The distance is equal to twice the diameter of the outlet, but never less than one (1) inch
Backflow - ANSWER The flow of non-potable water or other liquids, mixtures, or substances into the
potable water supply system
Back-siphonage - ANSWER Backflow resulting from negative pressures in the distribution pipes of
potable water systems
Backflow prevention device - ANSWER A device or means designed to prevent backflow or back-
siphonage
Check valve - ANSWER Self-closing device that is designed to allow the flow of fluids in one direction and
to close if there is a reversal of flow
Chloramine (Combined Available Chlorine) - ANSWER The chlorine products formed by the reaction of
equilibrium products of ammonia with the equilibrium products of chlorine to form chloramines
Has significantly less disinfection power than chlorine
Contaminant - ANSWER Anything found in the water which may be harmful to human health. Ex:
microorganisms, minerals, chemicals
Cross connection - ANSWER Any actual or potential connection between the public water supply and a
source of contamination or pollution
,PMT 108 Principles of Water Unit 1 WITH
168 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.
Disinfectant - ANSWER A chemical or physical process that kills microogranisms such as bacteria, viruses,
and protozoa
Some examples of Disinfectants - ANSWER Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloramines
Ozone
Filtration - ANSWER A process for removing particulate matter from water by passage through porous
media
Free Available Chlorine - ANSWER Chlorine available (after chlorine demand has been satisfied) in the
forms of hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ions
Halogen - ANSWER Series of elements that are highly reactive, and as such can be harmful or lethal to
biological organisms in sufficient quantities
Ex: Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine
Chlorine; Bromine - ANSWER Both ___ and ___ are used as disinfectants for drinking water, swimming
pools, fresh wounds, spas, dishes, and surfaces. They kill bacteria and other potentially harmful
organisms.
Marginal chlorination - ANSWER Application of chlorine to produce the desired total chlorine residual
without reference to the amounts of free or combined chlorine present
Raw water - ANSWER Untreated water entering the first treatment unit of a water treatment plant
Water used as a source of water supply taken from an impounded body of water
, PMT 108 Principles of Water Unit 1 WITH
168 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.
Ex: stream, lake, or pond
Sanitary defects - ANSWER Conditions that may cause the contamination of a water supply during or
after treatment
Sanitary defects include: - ANSWER a. Connections to unsafe water supplies
b. Raw water bypasses in treatment plants
c. Plumbing fixtures improperly designed and/or installed
d. Leaking water and sewer pipes in the same trench
Total available chlorine - ANSWER The sum of the chlorine forms present as free available chlorine and
combined available chlorine
Treated water - ANSWER Water that is ready for consumption but has undergone processing such as:
Sedimentation, Filtration, Softening, and Disinfection
Retreated - ANSWER Treated water includes purchased potable water that is ___ (chlorinated,
fluoridated, etc.)
Trihalomethane (THM) - ANSWER Chemical compounds in which three of the four hydrogen atoms of
methane (CH4) are replaced by halogen atoms
Solvents or refrigerants - ANSWER Many trihalomethanes find uses in industry as ___ or ___.
Environmental pollutants; carcinogenic - ANSWER THMs are also ___ ___, and many are considered ___.
Trihalomethanes - ANSWER Formed as a by-product predominantly when chlorine is used to disinfect
water for drinking
168 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.
PMT 108 Principles of Water Unit 1 WITH
168 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.
Air gap - ANSWER A physical separation sufficient to prevent backflow between the free-flowing
discharge end of a potable water system outlet and any other system
The distance is equal to twice the diameter of the outlet, but never less than one (1) inch
Backflow - ANSWER The flow of non-potable water or other liquids, mixtures, or substances into the
potable water supply system
Back-siphonage - ANSWER Backflow resulting from negative pressures in the distribution pipes of
potable water systems
Backflow prevention device - ANSWER A device or means designed to prevent backflow or back-
siphonage
Check valve - ANSWER Self-closing device that is designed to allow the flow of fluids in one direction and
to close if there is a reversal of flow
Chloramine (Combined Available Chlorine) - ANSWER The chlorine products formed by the reaction of
equilibrium products of ammonia with the equilibrium products of chlorine to form chloramines
Has significantly less disinfection power than chlorine
Contaminant - ANSWER Anything found in the water which may be harmful to human health. Ex:
microorganisms, minerals, chemicals
Cross connection - ANSWER Any actual or potential connection between the public water supply and a
source of contamination or pollution
,PMT 108 Principles of Water Unit 1 WITH
168 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.
Disinfectant - ANSWER A chemical or physical process that kills microogranisms such as bacteria, viruses,
and protozoa
Some examples of Disinfectants - ANSWER Chlorine
Chlorine dioxide
Chloramines
Ozone
Filtration - ANSWER A process for removing particulate matter from water by passage through porous
media
Free Available Chlorine - ANSWER Chlorine available (after chlorine demand has been satisfied) in the
forms of hypochlorous acid and hypochlorite ions
Halogen - ANSWER Series of elements that are highly reactive, and as such can be harmful or lethal to
biological organisms in sufficient quantities
Ex: Fluorine, Chlorine, Bromine, Iodine
Chlorine; Bromine - ANSWER Both ___ and ___ are used as disinfectants for drinking water, swimming
pools, fresh wounds, spas, dishes, and surfaces. They kill bacteria and other potentially harmful
organisms.
Marginal chlorination - ANSWER Application of chlorine to produce the desired total chlorine residual
without reference to the amounts of free or combined chlorine present
Raw water - ANSWER Untreated water entering the first treatment unit of a water treatment plant
Water used as a source of water supply taken from an impounded body of water
, PMT 108 Principles of Water Unit 1 WITH
168 COMPLETE SOLUTIONS.
Ex: stream, lake, or pond
Sanitary defects - ANSWER Conditions that may cause the contamination of a water supply during or
after treatment
Sanitary defects include: - ANSWER a. Connections to unsafe water supplies
b. Raw water bypasses in treatment plants
c. Plumbing fixtures improperly designed and/or installed
d. Leaking water and sewer pipes in the same trench
Total available chlorine - ANSWER The sum of the chlorine forms present as free available chlorine and
combined available chlorine
Treated water - ANSWER Water that is ready for consumption but has undergone processing such as:
Sedimentation, Filtration, Softening, and Disinfection
Retreated - ANSWER Treated water includes purchased potable water that is ___ (chlorinated,
fluoridated, etc.)
Trihalomethane (THM) - ANSWER Chemical compounds in which three of the four hydrogen atoms of
methane (CH4) are replaced by halogen atoms
Solvents or refrigerants - ANSWER Many trihalomethanes find uses in industry as ___ or ___.
Environmental pollutants; carcinogenic - ANSWER THMs are also ___ ___, and many are considered ___.
Trihalomethanes - ANSWER Formed as a by-product predominantly when chlorine is used to disinfect
water for drinking
