Ornament and Turfgrass Pest Managent 3OT
+ Iowa Core UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Ornamental and Turfgrass IPM establishes: - CORRECT ANSWER - Aesthetic threshold
based on tolerance, personal comfort, taste, plant appearance, and specific site and environmental
conditions.
Pesticides used for IPM in the landscape include: - CORRECT ANSWER - Fungicide,
growth regulators, herbicides, insecticides, miticides, mollyscicides, repellents, and rodenticides.
Contact Pesticides - CORRECT ANSWER - Must physically touch the pest organism or be
sprayed on the site the pest frequents to get exert an action.
Protective or Preventive Fungicides - CORRECT ANSWER - Provide a protectant barrier
that prevents the fungus from entering and damaging plant tissues.
Systemic Pesticide - CORRECT ANSWER - Enters the plant via roots or above ground
plant tissues and is moved inside the plant.
Curative Fungicide - CORRECT ANSWER - Because this chemical penetrates the plant
and stops the disease after the infection has started or after the first symptoms are observed.
Nonselective Pesticides - CORRECT ANSWER - Exert their action on a wide variety of
pests.
Selective Pesticides - CORRECT ANSWER - Will control only certain types or stages of
pests while leaving non-target organisms unaffected.
Pre-emergence Herbicides - CORRECT ANSWER - Are applied prior to weed seed
germination.
,Post-emergence Herbicides - CORRECT ANSWER - Are applied to weeds that are
actively growing.
Insects - CORRECT ANSWER - The younger the insect stage the more susceptible it is to
chemical control.
Herbicides - CORRECT ANSWER - Are most effective when applied to actively growing
plants.
Annual Weeds - CORRECT ANSWER - Are easiest to control early in the spring while
they are still small, regardless if they are summer annuals.
Biennials - CORRECT ANSWER - Should be treated in the fall or early spring when in
the rosette stage.
Perennial Weeds - CORRECT ANSWER - Can be controlled with herbicide applications
made in the early bloom stage or in the fall when the plant is transporting food reserves to the
underground root system.
Pesticide Resistance - CORRECT ANSWER - Is an inherited trait that results from
repeated applications of pesticides with the same site of action or mode of action.
To delay onset of resistance you should: - CORRECT ANSWER - Rotate pesticides with
different sites or modes of action.
Municipality - CORRECT ANSWER - Includes any city or developed residential area in
Iowa.
Urban - CORRECT ANSWER - Means any area within or belonging to a city or developed
residential area.
,Water pH - CORRECT ANSWER - Is one characteristic of concern. A breakdown of the
active ingredients may occur if the water is alkaline (pH>7); this is called alkaline hydrolysis. In
contrast, under acidic conditions (pH<7), some pesticides are broken down by acid hydrolysis.
Fixed copper or lime fungicides - CORRECT ANSWER - Should not be mixed with a
buffering agent. Otherwise, the mixture will be phytoxic to plant.
pH 3.5-6.0 - CORRECT ANSWER - Spray mixture can be stored for 12-24 hours
pH 6.1-7.0 - CORRECT ANSWER - Spray mixture should be used within 1-2 hours
pH >7.0 - CORRECT ANSWER - Add buffering or acidifying adjuvant
Hardness - CORRECT ANSWER - Another characteristics of water that can affect spray
efficacy is it's hardness. The amount of dissolved minerals (I.e., calcium, magnesium). Hard
water inactives some herbicides.
Pesticide Application Methods (Leaves): Foliar Spray - CORRECT ANSWER - Pesticide
sprayed directly on the plant leaves (Turfgrass, shrubs, trees, etc.)
Pesticide Application Methods (Leaves): Wiper Application - CORRECT ANSWER -
Pesticide applied to selected vegetation through a rope-wick device.
Pesticide Application Methods (Soil): Surface Soil Application - CORRECT ANSWER -
Pesticide applied directly to the bare ground in the target area.
Pesticide Application Methods (Soil): Soil Drench - CORRECT ANSWER - Pouring a
diluted pesticide mixture on the soil surface around the base of the plant.
, Pesticide Application Methods (Soil): Soil Injection - CORRECT ANSWER - Placing a
pesticide concentrate or pesticide mixture under pressure 4.0-6.0 inches below the soil surface, in
a pattern usually encircling the ornamental plant.
Pesticide Application Methods (Trunk): Bark Spray - CORRECT ANSWER - Pesticide
applied to the woody portions of the ornamental plant.
Pesticide Application Methods (Trunk): Basal Spray - CORRECT ANSWER - Pesticide
applied only to the lower portion (18.0 inches) of a plant's stem or trunk.
Pesticide Application Methods (Trunk): Trunk Injection - CORRECT ANSWER -
Pesticide injected through the bark of the woody plant into the vascular system via small drilled
holes.
Pesticide Application Methods (Stump): Cut Stump - CORRECT ANSWER - Pesticide
applied within minutes to freshly cut stump surfaces.
Header Strips - CORRECT ANSWER - In a treatment area provide the space to turn
around and realign the spreader. The applicator should move the spreader at normal operating
speed on the header strip and activate the gate opening as it enters the treatment area, and shut
off the mechanism as it exits the treatment area.
Point of Runoff - CORRECT ANSWER - To ensure adequate coverage with pressure
sprayers, ornamental plants and trees are usually thoroughly sprayed to the point that some
excess spray liquid begins to drip to the ground.
Ornamental Plant - CORRECT ANSWER - Is one that is grown for the purpose of adding
to or improving the beauty of a landscape site.
Search Characteristics: (Plant Form and Size) - CORRECT ANSWER - Groundcover,
vine, shrub, (small, medium, large), or tree (small, medium, large)
+ Iowa Core UPDATED ACTUAL Exam
Questions and CORRECT Answers
Ornamental and Turfgrass IPM establishes: - CORRECT ANSWER - Aesthetic threshold
based on tolerance, personal comfort, taste, plant appearance, and specific site and environmental
conditions.
Pesticides used for IPM in the landscape include: - CORRECT ANSWER - Fungicide,
growth regulators, herbicides, insecticides, miticides, mollyscicides, repellents, and rodenticides.
Contact Pesticides - CORRECT ANSWER - Must physically touch the pest organism or be
sprayed on the site the pest frequents to get exert an action.
Protective or Preventive Fungicides - CORRECT ANSWER - Provide a protectant barrier
that prevents the fungus from entering and damaging plant tissues.
Systemic Pesticide - CORRECT ANSWER - Enters the plant via roots or above ground
plant tissues and is moved inside the plant.
Curative Fungicide - CORRECT ANSWER - Because this chemical penetrates the plant
and stops the disease after the infection has started or after the first symptoms are observed.
Nonselective Pesticides - CORRECT ANSWER - Exert their action on a wide variety of
pests.
Selective Pesticides - CORRECT ANSWER - Will control only certain types or stages of
pests while leaving non-target organisms unaffected.
Pre-emergence Herbicides - CORRECT ANSWER - Are applied prior to weed seed
germination.
,Post-emergence Herbicides - CORRECT ANSWER - Are applied to weeds that are
actively growing.
Insects - CORRECT ANSWER - The younger the insect stage the more susceptible it is to
chemical control.
Herbicides - CORRECT ANSWER - Are most effective when applied to actively growing
plants.
Annual Weeds - CORRECT ANSWER - Are easiest to control early in the spring while
they are still small, regardless if they are summer annuals.
Biennials - CORRECT ANSWER - Should be treated in the fall or early spring when in
the rosette stage.
Perennial Weeds - CORRECT ANSWER - Can be controlled with herbicide applications
made in the early bloom stage or in the fall when the plant is transporting food reserves to the
underground root system.
Pesticide Resistance - CORRECT ANSWER - Is an inherited trait that results from
repeated applications of pesticides with the same site of action or mode of action.
To delay onset of resistance you should: - CORRECT ANSWER - Rotate pesticides with
different sites or modes of action.
Municipality - CORRECT ANSWER - Includes any city or developed residential area in
Iowa.
Urban - CORRECT ANSWER - Means any area within or belonging to a city or developed
residential area.
,Water pH - CORRECT ANSWER - Is one characteristic of concern. A breakdown of the
active ingredients may occur if the water is alkaline (pH>7); this is called alkaline hydrolysis. In
contrast, under acidic conditions (pH<7), some pesticides are broken down by acid hydrolysis.
Fixed copper or lime fungicides - CORRECT ANSWER - Should not be mixed with a
buffering agent. Otherwise, the mixture will be phytoxic to plant.
pH 3.5-6.0 - CORRECT ANSWER - Spray mixture can be stored for 12-24 hours
pH 6.1-7.0 - CORRECT ANSWER - Spray mixture should be used within 1-2 hours
pH >7.0 - CORRECT ANSWER - Add buffering or acidifying adjuvant
Hardness - CORRECT ANSWER - Another characteristics of water that can affect spray
efficacy is it's hardness. The amount of dissolved minerals (I.e., calcium, magnesium). Hard
water inactives some herbicides.
Pesticide Application Methods (Leaves): Foliar Spray - CORRECT ANSWER - Pesticide
sprayed directly on the plant leaves (Turfgrass, shrubs, trees, etc.)
Pesticide Application Methods (Leaves): Wiper Application - CORRECT ANSWER -
Pesticide applied to selected vegetation through a rope-wick device.
Pesticide Application Methods (Soil): Surface Soil Application - CORRECT ANSWER -
Pesticide applied directly to the bare ground in the target area.
Pesticide Application Methods (Soil): Soil Drench - CORRECT ANSWER - Pouring a
diluted pesticide mixture on the soil surface around the base of the plant.
, Pesticide Application Methods (Soil): Soil Injection - CORRECT ANSWER - Placing a
pesticide concentrate or pesticide mixture under pressure 4.0-6.0 inches below the soil surface, in
a pattern usually encircling the ornamental plant.
Pesticide Application Methods (Trunk): Bark Spray - CORRECT ANSWER - Pesticide
applied to the woody portions of the ornamental plant.
Pesticide Application Methods (Trunk): Basal Spray - CORRECT ANSWER - Pesticide
applied only to the lower portion (18.0 inches) of a plant's stem or trunk.
Pesticide Application Methods (Trunk): Trunk Injection - CORRECT ANSWER -
Pesticide injected through the bark of the woody plant into the vascular system via small drilled
holes.
Pesticide Application Methods (Stump): Cut Stump - CORRECT ANSWER - Pesticide
applied within minutes to freshly cut stump surfaces.
Header Strips - CORRECT ANSWER - In a treatment area provide the space to turn
around and realign the spreader. The applicator should move the spreader at normal operating
speed on the header strip and activate the gate opening as it enters the treatment area, and shut
off the mechanism as it exits the treatment area.
Point of Runoff - CORRECT ANSWER - To ensure adequate coverage with pressure
sprayers, ornamental plants and trees are usually thoroughly sprayed to the point that some
excess spray liquid begins to drip to the ground.
Ornamental Plant - CORRECT ANSWER - Is one that is grown for the purpose of adding
to or improving the beauty of a landscape site.
Search Characteristics: (Plant Form and Size) - CORRECT ANSWER - Groundcover,
vine, shrub, (small, medium, large), or tree (small, medium, large)
