NUFT 202 Final Exam 2025

nurses - -respond to needs of patients and actively participate in determining best practice why is knowledge of the history of nursing profession important? - -increases your ability to understand the social and intellectual origins of the discipline florence nightingale (1860) - -• established the first nursing philosophy based on health maintenance and restoration • developed the first organized program for training nurses • improved sanitation in battlefield hospitals • practices remain a basic part of nursing today • believed the role of nurses was to help the body recover, then remain free from disease • demonstrated effectiveness of fresh air, hygiene and nutrition clara barton - -• founder of american red cross • tended soldiers on battlefields, cleansing wounds, meeting basic needs and comforting them in death mother bickerdyke - -union nurse who organized ambulance services and walked abandoned battlefields looking for wounded soldiers harriet tubman - -started the underground railroad movement to free slaves an worked as a union army nurse lilian wald and mary brewster (1893) - -increased community nursing and opened henry street settlement which focused on the health needs of poor people who lived in tenements in NYC mary adelaide nutting - -• first nursing professor in 1906 • instrumental in moving nursing education into universities 20th century nursing - -movement toward scientific research-based practice and define body of knowledge 21st century nursing - -• changes in curriculum • advances in technology and informatics • new programs address current health concerns • leadership role in developing standards and policies compassion fatigue - -• a state of burnout and secondary traumatic stress that occurs without warning and often results from giving high levels of energy and compassion over a prolonger period to those who are suffering (often without experiencing improved patient outcomes) • impacted the health and wellness of nurses and quality of care provided to patients • may contribute to lateral violence changes in society that lead to changes in nursing - -affordable care act, rising health care costs, demographic changes, and medically underserved affordable care act (ACA) - -• affects how health care is paid for and delivered • impacts how and where nursing care is provided rising health care costs - -• presents challenges to nursing profession, consumer, and health care delivery system • nurses are responsible for providing patients with best-quality care in efficient and economically sound manner demographic changes - -changes needed to occur as to how care is provided especially in areas of outpatient, community, and home-based services and the population changes medically underserved - -group of patients whose physical status does not improve and health care needs increase patient-centered care - -taking a holistic view of each patient when providing care professional nursing - -• administer quality care • be responsible and accountable - maintain and acquire knowledge defining nursing as a profession - -administering quality patient-centered care in a safe, prudent, and knowledgable manner nursing requires - -• current knowledge and practice standards • insightful and compassionate approach • critical thinking benner's stages of nursing proficiency - -novice, advanced beginner, competent proficient, expert novice nurse - -• no clinical experience • performs at a basic level • typically lacks confidence • requires verbal and situation ques advanced beginner nurse - -• marginally exceptional performance • more efficient practice • occasionally needs consultation or ques competent nurse - -• 1-3 years • coordinated • demonstrates efficiency • has confidence in job • able to analyze abstract data • mindful of necessary care works better in time constraints and hectic situations proficient nurse - -• can recognize normal and expected outcomes and how to proceed when outcomes are not normal expert nurse - -• 5+ years • deep understanding of total situation • flexible performance • highly efficient • highly skilled analytic ability 6 standards of nursing practice - -• describe a competent level of nursing care • assessment, diagnosis, outcomes identification, planning, implementation, evaluation the nursing process - -foundation of clinical decision making and includes all significant actions taken by nurses providing care to patients assessment - -the RN collects comprehensive data pertinent to the patient's health and/or situation diagnosis - -the RN analyzes the assessment data to determine diagnosis or issues outcomes identification - -the RN identifies expected outcomes for a plan individualized to the patient or situation planning - -the RN develops a plan that prescribes strategies and alternatives to attain expected outcomes implementation - -• the RN implents the identified plan • coordinate of care, health teaching/health promotion, consultation, prescriptive authority and treatment coordination of care - -RN coordinates care delivery health teaching and health promotion - -RN uses strategies to promote health and a safe environment consultation - -graduate level-prepared specialty nurse or advanced practice RN provides consultation to influence the identified plan enhance the abilities of others and effect change prescriptive authority and treatment - -the APRN uses prescriptive authority, procedures, referrals, and treatment and therapies in accordance with state and federal laws and regulations evaluation - -the RN evaluates progess toward attainment of outcomes standards of professional performance (9 or 10) - -ethics, education, evidence based practice and research, quality of practice, communication, leadership, collaboration, professional practice evaluation, resources, environmental health ethics - -practice ethically education - -attains knowledge and competency that reflects current nursing practice quality of practice - -contributes to the quality of nursing practice communication - -communic