ENR 3300 Final Review Exam Study Guide
Recall the video you watched on the Great Bear Rainforest in Canada. This provided an
excellent example of multiple-use management of these natural resources. In the video
and as discussed or covered in lecture, the management objective that was primarily
focused on with the herring fishery was _______ . The management objective that was
focused on with the wolves was most likely _______. - ANSWER harvest for food,
maintenance of biodiversity
Imagine you are in West Virginia's Monongahela National Forest and after conducting a
forest inventory you discover that oak trees are not regenerating. This leads to a
management decision to introduce a prescribed fire and then selectively harvest some
trees so that more light can reach the ground thus giving new oak seedlings a
competitive advantage to grow into the new forest. What type of management
philosophy does this imply? - ANSWER Conservation management
True or false: unlike the field of fisheries, which manages for both wild caught fish and
those produced by aquaculture, the field of forestry only encompasses the science, art
and business of creating, managing and conserving naturally occurring forests. -
ANSWER False
Which period of natural resource management in the US first included a focus on
habitat? - ANSWER Implementation Era (1960-1990)
True or false: since the early 1990's, there has been an increased demand for fish by
humans. The amount of production of fish for consumption via capture fisheries has
increased, whereas the amount of production via aquaculture has leveled off. - ANSWER
False
Which of the following fisheries would be considered a fishery according to the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA Fisheries) who is responsible for the
nation's ocean resources? - ANSWER all of the above:
Atlantic Salmon Fishery
Maryland Blue Crab Fishery
New England Cod Fishery
Maine Lobster Fishery
The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation Act which governs fisheries management
works to... - ANSWER Prevent overfishing, ensure the safety of seafood
The following questions are based on the video you watched called, "Cod: The Fish That
Made New England."
, Describe the original paradigm at the start of the cod fishery. (1-pt)
By the 1980's, fisherman began to notice that the abundance of cod were in decline and
that individual cod were getting smaller. What did they attribute this decline to
specifically? (1-pt)
Describe the change in fish behavior that was observed by the fisherman and how that
led to a change in how they fished the cod? (2-pts)
What did science eventually tell us about this change in behavior by the cod and why
that led to such dramatic overfishing? (2-pts) - ANSWER 1. At the start of the cod
fishery, regulation was non-existent. Fishermen could bring their boats, catch as many
cod as they want with no limitations.
2. The incredible amount of over-fishing became even more elevated by advanced
technological improvements that allowed fishermen to locate exactly where the cod
were for catching them. This caused the over-fishing to skyrocket, and the abundance
and size of the cod declined drastically.
3. The fish began to bunch up together instead of spreading out across the water as a
defense mechanism and survival technique to breed and regrow their species. They
began to practice "pulse fishing" that would focus in on the hot-spots and completely
decimate them.
4. Science eventually told us that these hot spots were essential breeding grounds for
the cod.
Civilian Conservation Corps of the 1930s was important for natural resource
management because? - ANSWER Provided jobs for unemployed to plant trees and
conserve fish and wildlife
Each year, the Ohio Division of Wildlife (ODW) sets the maximum number of Yellow
Perch (a sportfish) that are allowed to be caught from Lake Erie for that year. ODW uses
this as a strategy to protect the Yellow Perch population so that fishing can continue for
years to come. This is an example of: - ANSWER Natural resource management
Which of the following represents an indirect, non-consumptive use of a fishery? -
ANSWER Scuba diving in kelp forest habitat that is inhabited by red snapper
Which of the following does NOT contribute to the renewability of a resource? -
ANSWER The market demand
true or false: in the 1960s, great awareness of broader environmental degradation
brought forth several pieces of legislation that aimed to limit or improve conditions and
enhance protection of plants, fish, and wildlife. The drivers of change, like in many
previous times, were influenced by shifting social change. - ANSWER true
In the example used on the Great Bear Rainforest, we saw the wolves come out of the
forest to take advantage of the abundant herring eggs as a food resource. In this
Recall the video you watched on the Great Bear Rainforest in Canada. This provided an
excellent example of multiple-use management of these natural resources. In the video
and as discussed or covered in lecture, the management objective that was primarily
focused on with the herring fishery was _______ . The management objective that was
focused on with the wolves was most likely _______. - ANSWER harvest for food,
maintenance of biodiversity
Imagine you are in West Virginia's Monongahela National Forest and after conducting a
forest inventory you discover that oak trees are not regenerating. This leads to a
management decision to introduce a prescribed fire and then selectively harvest some
trees so that more light can reach the ground thus giving new oak seedlings a
competitive advantage to grow into the new forest. What type of management
philosophy does this imply? - ANSWER Conservation management
True or false: unlike the field of fisheries, which manages for both wild caught fish and
those produced by aquaculture, the field of forestry only encompasses the science, art
and business of creating, managing and conserving naturally occurring forests. -
ANSWER False
Which period of natural resource management in the US first included a focus on
habitat? - ANSWER Implementation Era (1960-1990)
True or false: since the early 1990's, there has been an increased demand for fish by
humans. The amount of production of fish for consumption via capture fisheries has
increased, whereas the amount of production via aquaculture has leveled off. - ANSWER
False
Which of the following fisheries would be considered a fishery according to the National
Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA Fisheries) who is responsible for the
nation's ocean resources? - ANSWER all of the above:
Atlantic Salmon Fishery
Maryland Blue Crab Fishery
New England Cod Fishery
Maine Lobster Fishery
The Magnuson-Stevens Fishery Conservation Act which governs fisheries management
works to... - ANSWER Prevent overfishing, ensure the safety of seafood
The following questions are based on the video you watched called, "Cod: The Fish That
Made New England."
, Describe the original paradigm at the start of the cod fishery. (1-pt)
By the 1980's, fisherman began to notice that the abundance of cod were in decline and
that individual cod were getting smaller. What did they attribute this decline to
specifically? (1-pt)
Describe the change in fish behavior that was observed by the fisherman and how that
led to a change in how they fished the cod? (2-pts)
What did science eventually tell us about this change in behavior by the cod and why
that led to such dramatic overfishing? (2-pts) - ANSWER 1. At the start of the cod
fishery, regulation was non-existent. Fishermen could bring their boats, catch as many
cod as they want with no limitations.
2. The incredible amount of over-fishing became even more elevated by advanced
technological improvements that allowed fishermen to locate exactly where the cod
were for catching them. This caused the over-fishing to skyrocket, and the abundance
and size of the cod declined drastically.
3. The fish began to bunch up together instead of spreading out across the water as a
defense mechanism and survival technique to breed and regrow their species. They
began to practice "pulse fishing" that would focus in on the hot-spots and completely
decimate them.
4. Science eventually told us that these hot spots were essential breeding grounds for
the cod.
Civilian Conservation Corps of the 1930s was important for natural resource
management because? - ANSWER Provided jobs for unemployed to plant trees and
conserve fish and wildlife
Each year, the Ohio Division of Wildlife (ODW) sets the maximum number of Yellow
Perch (a sportfish) that are allowed to be caught from Lake Erie for that year. ODW uses
this as a strategy to protect the Yellow Perch population so that fishing can continue for
years to come. This is an example of: - ANSWER Natural resource management
Which of the following represents an indirect, non-consumptive use of a fishery? -
ANSWER Scuba diving in kelp forest habitat that is inhabited by red snapper
Which of the following does NOT contribute to the renewability of a resource? -
ANSWER The market demand
true or false: in the 1960s, great awareness of broader environmental degradation
brought forth several pieces of legislation that aimed to limit or improve conditions and
enhance protection of plants, fish, and wildlife. The drivers of change, like in many
previous times, were influenced by shifting social change. - ANSWER true
In the example used on the Great Bear Rainforest, we saw the wolves come out of the
forest to take advantage of the abundant herring eggs as a food resource. In this
