FINAL EXAM 5 NUTRI SCI 431
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Hypertension level - Answer-140 mm Hg Systolic OR
90 mm Hg Diastolic
Epidemiology of HT - Answer-- 1 in 3 adults have high BP
-- Blacks have highest prevalence--> Develops earlier in life and risk of fatal stroke,
heart disease death, and renal disease are higher than whites
How does a increased BMI determine HT? - Answer--40% of people with a BMI on >30
have high BP, where only 15% of people with a BMI <25 have high BP
Why do elderly show HBP? - Answer-Still arteries and increased BMI
How is protein absorption affected by age? - Answer-Normal with normal intakes-- more
fecal N on high protein diets
Carbohydrate absorption is affected how by age? - Answer--Ability to digest lactose is
affected
Dietary treatment for lactose maldigestion/intolerance - Answer--SLow gastric emptying
through milk with meals, higher fat and/or sugar dairy products
-Small amounts of lactose containing food at any one time
-Use of low lactose dairy products
What is a common consequence of lactose intolerance in the elderly? - Answer-Elderly
need more calcium in the diet but are less tolerant to lactose
When does taste (dysgeusia and smell (hyposmia) dysfunction begin? - Answer-aroung
60 and more sever in older than 70
-odor detection threshold increased
-number of taste buds decreases
Dentition - Answer-Dry mouth can make swallowing diffiuclt-- aboid crunchy, dry, and
sticky foods
-dentures make chewing 75-85% more difficult nad lead to decrease in meats, fruits,
and veggies eaten
Saliva - Answer-Saliva production low in more than 70% of elderly-- makes taskting,
chewing and swallowing difficult
Espohagus affected by age jhow? - Answer-Epohageal peristalsis is prolonged and
amplitude decreaes at 60-80
, -by 80-90 esophageal cnotracion aplitude diminished but function intact
-increased reflux
Stomach digestive functioning in the elderly - Answer-Acid production does not
decrease as a normal function of aging
Pancreas digestive functioning in the elderly - Answer-Small decrease in bicarb and
enzyme secretion but not cliniclally significant
Liver digestive functioning in the elderly - Answer-No changes in function relative to
nutrinet metabolism but ability to metabolize drugs seems to be affected
Intestine digestive functioning in the elderly - Answer-Decreased gut motility
Small intestine affected how in AG? - Answer-Higher pH in SI decreases uptake of folic
acid into the mucosal cell.
-Bacterial overgrowth-- nutrient production and B12 utilization(bad)
Untreated hypertension can lead to? - Answer-1. Cardiac- congestive heart failure and
myocardial infarction (obstruction of blood supply to tissue or organ-- causing local
death of tissue)
-Cerebral vascular accident or stroke
-End stage renal disease
-retinopathy- vision problems
Normal BP - Answer-<120 systolic and
<80 diastolic
Factors associated with essential HT - Answer--Cause cannot be determined
-90-95% of people with HBP have this form
-Pathophysiological, renal- abnormal control of Na excretion (sodium sensitive
hypertension?); renin0angiotensis system set too high (causes blood vessels to
constrict and raise BP)
-Genetics- age, race, family history
-Behavioral: Stress, exercise, smoking
-Obesity (beahvioral facts-- excess alcohol consumption leads to high BP)
-Dietary: high Na, low K intake and excess alcohol
Secondary HT causes - Answer--About 5-10% of people wiht HBP
-Result of another disease
-- We can most likely fix it
QUESTIONS WITH ANSWERS
Hypertension level - Answer-140 mm Hg Systolic OR
90 mm Hg Diastolic
Epidemiology of HT - Answer-- 1 in 3 adults have high BP
-- Blacks have highest prevalence--> Develops earlier in life and risk of fatal stroke,
heart disease death, and renal disease are higher than whites
How does a increased BMI determine HT? - Answer--40% of people with a BMI on >30
have high BP, where only 15% of people with a BMI <25 have high BP
Why do elderly show HBP? - Answer-Still arteries and increased BMI
How is protein absorption affected by age? - Answer-Normal with normal intakes-- more
fecal N on high protein diets
Carbohydrate absorption is affected how by age? - Answer--Ability to digest lactose is
affected
Dietary treatment for lactose maldigestion/intolerance - Answer--SLow gastric emptying
through milk with meals, higher fat and/or sugar dairy products
-Small amounts of lactose containing food at any one time
-Use of low lactose dairy products
What is a common consequence of lactose intolerance in the elderly? - Answer-Elderly
need more calcium in the diet but are less tolerant to lactose
When does taste (dysgeusia and smell (hyposmia) dysfunction begin? - Answer-aroung
60 and more sever in older than 70
-odor detection threshold increased
-number of taste buds decreases
Dentition - Answer-Dry mouth can make swallowing diffiuclt-- aboid crunchy, dry, and
sticky foods
-dentures make chewing 75-85% more difficult nad lead to decrease in meats, fruits,
and veggies eaten
Saliva - Answer-Saliva production low in more than 70% of elderly-- makes taskting,
chewing and swallowing difficult
Espohagus affected by age jhow? - Answer-Epohageal peristalsis is prolonged and
amplitude decreaes at 60-80
, -by 80-90 esophageal cnotracion aplitude diminished but function intact
-increased reflux
Stomach digestive functioning in the elderly - Answer-Acid production does not
decrease as a normal function of aging
Pancreas digestive functioning in the elderly - Answer-Small decrease in bicarb and
enzyme secretion but not cliniclally significant
Liver digestive functioning in the elderly - Answer-No changes in function relative to
nutrinet metabolism but ability to metabolize drugs seems to be affected
Intestine digestive functioning in the elderly - Answer-Decreased gut motility
Small intestine affected how in AG? - Answer-Higher pH in SI decreases uptake of folic
acid into the mucosal cell.
-Bacterial overgrowth-- nutrient production and B12 utilization(bad)
Untreated hypertension can lead to? - Answer-1. Cardiac- congestive heart failure and
myocardial infarction (obstruction of blood supply to tissue or organ-- causing local
death of tissue)
-Cerebral vascular accident or stroke
-End stage renal disease
-retinopathy- vision problems
Normal BP - Answer-<120 systolic and
<80 diastolic
Factors associated with essential HT - Answer--Cause cannot be determined
-90-95% of people with HBP have this form
-Pathophysiological, renal- abnormal control of Na excretion (sodium sensitive
hypertension?); renin0angiotensis system set too high (causes blood vessels to
constrict and raise BP)
-Genetics- age, race, family history
-Behavioral: Stress, exercise, smoking
-Obesity (beahvioral facts-- excess alcohol consumption leads to high BP)
-Dietary: high Na, low K intake and excess alcohol
Secondary HT causes - Answer--About 5-10% of people wiht HBP
-Result of another disease
-- We can most likely fix it
